ASU NUR 352 Exam 1
How to weaken the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary prevention-hand
hygiene, ppe, vaccinations
Secondary Pevention- early detection, screenings, regular exams
Education of health team members, patients and community - CORRECT ANSWER-
Hygiene
Vaccination
Proper hand washing
PPE
Cover mouth when cough or sneeze
Dont share personal items
Tier 1 - CORRECT ANSWER-Standard precations
Tier 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-Contact, droplet, airborne, protective
Standard precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● ALL PATIENTS; All body fluids (Except
sweat), non intact
skin, mucous membranes
● Gel in and out (when hands are visibility not dirty)
● Soap and water for visible contamination, especially when
suspecting/ diagnosed C DIff
● Throw sharps correctly
● Proper laundry removal
● dispose/disinfect pt equipment
Contact precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protects against direct/indirect
contamination w/ contagious infection
● Ex: C diff, MRSA, RSV, Herpes Simplex, Impetigo
● Equipment: disposed BP cuff, thermometer, and
stethoscope
standard precautions, private room, gloves, gown
● C diff pt must watch NOT use gel, must wash hands with
water
Droplet precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protects against direct/indirect contact
● Transmit via cough/sneeze by large droplets (>5 microns)
within 3-6 ft of pt
● Ex: streptococcal pneumonia, influenza, pertussis, mumps
● Equipment: standard precautions, private room, gloves,
surgical mask, disposed BP cuff, thermometer, and steth,
, might need contact precaution , visitors need masks
Protective Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Intervention for immunocompromised
pt
● Ex: stem cell transplants
● Equipment: private room, positive airflow (allows clean
filtered air in), pt wears surg mask outside of room, PPE
depends, no flowers fruits
Airborne Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protection against infx agents <5
microns
● Microorganisms can be carried by air currents for long
periods of time
● Ex: measles, varicella, TB
● Equipment: negative pressure room, N95/HEPA filtration
mask, fact shield, pt wears surg mask outside of room,
disposable equipment
Assessment of infection - CORRECT ANSWER--thorough health hx
-physical assesment
-collect subjective data
-head to toe assesment
HAI risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER--long hospital stays
-indweling catheters
-improper hand hygiene
-elderly age
-overuse of antibiotics
-underlying disease
-invasive procedures
Chain of infection components - CORRECT ANSWER-Infectious agent-bacteria, virus,
fungus, parasite, protozoa
Reservoir-environment for growth ex. Human, animals, food, objects
Portal of exit-means by which infectious agent leaves the reservoir
Mode of transmission-contact, droplet, airborne, vehicle
Portal entry-any body orface or skin
Susceptible host-level of immunity, virulence
Styles of communication - CORRECT ANSWER-Passive-avoids conflict
Assertive-advocates opinion without violating others rights, I statements
Aggressive-verbally abusive, you statements
Passive aggressive- appears passive but subtly shows anger
How to weaken the chain of infection - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary prevention-hand
hygiene, ppe, vaccinations
Secondary Pevention- early detection, screenings, regular exams
Education of health team members, patients and community - CORRECT ANSWER-
Hygiene
Vaccination
Proper hand washing
PPE
Cover mouth when cough or sneeze
Dont share personal items
Tier 1 - CORRECT ANSWER-Standard precations
Tier 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-Contact, droplet, airborne, protective
Standard precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● ALL PATIENTS; All body fluids (Except
sweat), non intact
skin, mucous membranes
● Gel in and out (when hands are visibility not dirty)
● Soap and water for visible contamination, especially when
suspecting/ diagnosed C DIff
● Throw sharps correctly
● Proper laundry removal
● dispose/disinfect pt equipment
Contact precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protects against direct/indirect
contamination w/ contagious infection
● Ex: C diff, MRSA, RSV, Herpes Simplex, Impetigo
● Equipment: disposed BP cuff, thermometer, and
stethoscope
standard precautions, private room, gloves, gown
● C diff pt must watch NOT use gel, must wash hands with
water
Droplet precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protects against direct/indirect contact
● Transmit via cough/sneeze by large droplets (>5 microns)
within 3-6 ft of pt
● Ex: streptococcal pneumonia, influenza, pertussis, mumps
● Equipment: standard precautions, private room, gloves,
surgical mask, disposed BP cuff, thermometer, and steth,
, might need contact precaution , visitors need masks
Protective Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Intervention for immunocompromised
pt
● Ex: stem cell transplants
● Equipment: private room, positive airflow (allows clean
filtered air in), pt wears surg mask outside of room, PPE
depends, no flowers fruits
Airborne Precautions - CORRECT ANSWER-● Protection against infx agents <5
microns
● Microorganisms can be carried by air currents for long
periods of time
● Ex: measles, varicella, TB
● Equipment: negative pressure room, N95/HEPA filtration
mask, fact shield, pt wears surg mask outside of room,
disposable equipment
Assessment of infection - CORRECT ANSWER--thorough health hx
-physical assesment
-collect subjective data
-head to toe assesment
HAI risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER--long hospital stays
-indweling catheters
-improper hand hygiene
-elderly age
-overuse of antibiotics
-underlying disease
-invasive procedures
Chain of infection components - CORRECT ANSWER-Infectious agent-bacteria, virus,
fungus, parasite, protozoa
Reservoir-environment for growth ex. Human, animals, food, objects
Portal of exit-means by which infectious agent leaves the reservoir
Mode of transmission-contact, droplet, airborne, vehicle
Portal entry-any body orface or skin
Susceptible host-level of immunity, virulence
Styles of communication - CORRECT ANSWER-Passive-avoids conflict
Assertive-advocates opinion without violating others rights, I statements
Aggressive-verbally abusive, you statements
Passive aggressive- appears passive but subtly shows anger
