MSN 610 Module 4 Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

MSN 610 Module 4 Exam Study Guide Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct bronchial - ANSWER Vesicular: low pitch/intensity with soft/short expirations over healthy lung tissue Bronchovesicular: moderate (medium) pitch/intensity, expiration equals inspiration, over major bronch i bronchial: high pitch/intensity with loud and long expirations, over trachea Normal respiratory findings in an infant - ANSWER Acrocyanosis Obligate nose breathers Brief periods of apnea as long as 10-15 seconds Frequent hiccupping Paradoxical or irregular breathing pattern is normal Crackles and rhonchi immediately after birth r/t fetal fluid Mucus in upper airway Infant chest circumference __-___ cm usually __-__ cm smaller than ___ circumference smaller chest circumference = larger chest circumference = - ANSWER Healthy circumference 30-36 cm 2-3 cm smaller than head circumference smaller = intrauterine growth retardation larger = gestational diabetes Normal respiratory rates Newborn 3 years 10 years 17 years - ANSWER Newborn: 30-80 3 y: 20-30 10 y: 16-20 17 y: 12-20 Children begin using intercostal muscles at age: typically have a round chest until age: breath sounds are: ___ sounds may be predominant because they can be heard through the thinner chest wall - ANSWER Intercostal- age 6 or 7 round chest till 2 sounds: more resonant, sometimes hyper-resonant, harsher, louder and more bronchial bronchovesicular sounds predominant Older adults may have decreased chest expansion r/t (4 things) - ANSWER Respiratory muscle weakness physical disability sedentary lifestyle calcification of rib articulations Decreased chest expansion in older adults is often compensated for by: S/S (4 things) - ANSWER Increased use of accessory muscles 1) marked bony prominences 2) kyphosis with flattening of lumbar curve 3) increased anteroposterior diameter 4) hyper-resonance common Emphysema is characterized by - ANSWER Deep, rapid breathing with pursed lips finger clubbing barrel chest Abnormal breathing rate/rhythms dyspnea orthopnea paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea platypnea tachypnea hyperpnea Kussmaul - ANSWER Dyspnea: Increased respiratory effort Orthopnea: difficulty breathing when supine PND: sudden onset of dyspnea that abruptly awakens patient Platypnea: SOB relieved by lying down Tachypnea: faster than 20 bpm, shallow Hyperpnea: faster than 20 bpm, deep Kussmaul: fast, deep respiratory pattern Abnormal peripheral findings indications clubbed fingernails