2025 | Pharmacology Advanced Final
NR 565 Exam with Accurate Solutions
Already Graded A+
Who should receive Tdap vaccination? - ANSWER-Adults in close contact with infants
healthcare workers
Contraindication for Tdap vaccine - ANSWER-Severe allergic reaction to previous dose,
or hx of encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine
Varicella vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Hx of anaphylaxis with previous dose,
allergy to gelatin or neomycin
Hepatitis B vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Previous rxn to vaccine, allergy to
yeast and neomycin
Examples of attenuated vaccines - ANSWER-measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox,
yellow fever, rotavirus
examples of live vaccines - ANSWER-MMR, varicella, rotavirus, influenza
examples of toxoid vaccines - ANSWER-Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis,
SABA patient teaching - ANSWER-Advise patients to use albuterol first if using other
inhalation medications and allow 5 min to elapse before administering other inhalant
medications unless otherwise directed.
Advise patient to rinse mouth with water after each inhalation dose to minimize dry
mouth and clean the mouthpiece with water at least once a week.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional if there is no response to the usual
dose or if contents of one canister are used in less than 2 wk. Asthma and treatment
regimen should be re-evaluated and corticosteroids should be considered. Need for
increased use to treat symptoms indicates decrease in asthma control and need to re-
evaluate patient's therapy.
Importance of knowing how often to use SABA - ANSWER-Can be deadly if misuse
LABAs - ANSWER-Salmeterol
Formoterol
Oldaterol
, Benefits to a LABA are? - ANSWER-Less frequent dosing and nocturnal protection
LABA use in COPD - ANSWER-Usually first line in combination with LAMA
Examples of inhaled corticosteroids - ANSWER-beclomethasone, budesonide,
fluticasone
Benefits of inhaled corticosteroids - ANSWER-Decrease eosinophils/mast cells/T-
lymphocytes
Inhibit transcription of inflammatory genes in airway epithelium
Reduce endothelial cell leak
Upregulate B2 receptor production
Reduce airway epithelial subbasement membrane thickening
Steroid use in asthma - ANSWER-Short course of oral when asthma attack occurs
usually prednisone
When would roflumilast be indicated for a COPD patient? (PDE4 inhibitor) - ANSWER-
Severe cases of COPD with a primary component of chronic bronchitis. COPD
exacerbations.
How does nicotine work? - ANSWER-when it gets into the brain, it attaches to
acetylcholine receptors and mimics the actions acetylcholine. It also activates areas of
the brain that are involved in producing feelings and pleasure and reward.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) - ANSWER-a form of medicine that delivers small
amounts of nicotine to the body to help a person quit using tobacco
Nicotine replacement education - ANSWER-inhalers should not be used by clients with
asthma, with the gum and loengers no eating or drinking 15 minutes prior to using and
during, with the patch take off at night because can cause nightmares or sleep
disturbances and teach patient not to use other nicotine products while using patch due
to the stimulation of the CNS, the lozenges need to slowly dissolve for effectiveness and
no more then 5 in a 6 hrs period
Wellbutrin Contraindications - ANSWER-caution in patients with a history of seizures,
anorexia nervosa, cocaine use, and alcohol withdrawal and bupropion. SR should not
be given with MAOI inhibitors
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) length of treatment - ANSWER-7-12 weeks
Drug resistant TB - ANSWER-resistant to at least one first-line anti-TB drug
Treatment of TB in pregnancy - ANSWER-2 mos: INH, RIF, EMB
7 mos: INH, RIF
NR 565 Exam with Accurate Solutions
Already Graded A+
Who should receive Tdap vaccination? - ANSWER-Adults in close contact with infants
healthcare workers
Contraindication for Tdap vaccine - ANSWER-Severe allergic reaction to previous dose,
or hx of encephalopathy within 7 days of vaccine
Varicella vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Hx of anaphylaxis with previous dose,
allergy to gelatin or neomycin
Hepatitis B vaccine contraindications - ANSWER-Previous rxn to vaccine, allergy to
yeast and neomycin
Examples of attenuated vaccines - ANSWER-measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox,
yellow fever, rotavirus
examples of live vaccines - ANSWER-MMR, varicella, rotavirus, influenza
examples of toxoid vaccines - ANSWER-Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis,
SABA patient teaching - ANSWER-Advise patients to use albuterol first if using other
inhalation medications and allow 5 min to elapse before administering other inhalant
medications unless otherwise directed.
Advise patient to rinse mouth with water after each inhalation dose to minimize dry
mouth and clean the mouthpiece with water at least once a week.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional if there is no response to the usual
dose or if contents of one canister are used in less than 2 wk. Asthma and treatment
regimen should be re-evaluated and corticosteroids should be considered. Need for
increased use to treat symptoms indicates decrease in asthma control and need to re-
evaluate patient's therapy.
Importance of knowing how often to use SABA - ANSWER-Can be deadly if misuse
LABAs - ANSWER-Salmeterol
Formoterol
Oldaterol
, Benefits to a LABA are? - ANSWER-Less frequent dosing and nocturnal protection
LABA use in COPD - ANSWER-Usually first line in combination with LAMA
Examples of inhaled corticosteroids - ANSWER-beclomethasone, budesonide,
fluticasone
Benefits of inhaled corticosteroids - ANSWER-Decrease eosinophils/mast cells/T-
lymphocytes
Inhibit transcription of inflammatory genes in airway epithelium
Reduce endothelial cell leak
Upregulate B2 receptor production
Reduce airway epithelial subbasement membrane thickening
Steroid use in asthma - ANSWER-Short course of oral when asthma attack occurs
usually prednisone
When would roflumilast be indicated for a COPD patient? (PDE4 inhibitor) - ANSWER-
Severe cases of COPD with a primary component of chronic bronchitis. COPD
exacerbations.
How does nicotine work? - ANSWER-when it gets into the brain, it attaches to
acetylcholine receptors and mimics the actions acetylcholine. It also activates areas of
the brain that are involved in producing feelings and pleasure and reward.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) - ANSWER-a form of medicine that delivers small
amounts of nicotine to the body to help a person quit using tobacco
Nicotine replacement education - ANSWER-inhalers should not be used by clients with
asthma, with the gum and loengers no eating or drinking 15 minutes prior to using and
during, with the patch take off at night because can cause nightmares or sleep
disturbances and teach patient not to use other nicotine products while using patch due
to the stimulation of the CNS, the lozenges need to slowly dissolve for effectiveness and
no more then 5 in a 6 hrs period
Wellbutrin Contraindications - ANSWER-caution in patients with a history of seizures,
anorexia nervosa, cocaine use, and alcohol withdrawal and bupropion. SR should not
be given with MAOI inhibitors
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) length of treatment - ANSWER-7-12 weeks
Drug resistant TB - ANSWER-resistant to at least one first-line anti-TB drug
Treatment of TB in pregnancy - ANSWER-2 mos: INH, RIF, EMB
7 mos: INH, RIF
