Midterm Exam: NR565/ NR 565
Advanced Pharmacology Care-Graded
A
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with greater
risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - ANS-ASCVD Risk Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy with a
statin or fibrate - ANS-Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing absorption
from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides - ANS-Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and smoking
cessation - ANS-Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for generally well-
tolerated side effects - ANS-Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation - ANS-Organic
Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes, including
grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole antifungal drugs,
and some CCB - ANS-Ranolazine Contraindications
Reduced renal function, polypharmacy, greater illness severity, low therapeutic index
drugs, increased individual variation, inadequate supervision, and poor adherence -
ANS-Elderly Adverse Drug Reaction Risk Factors
Obtaining a thorough drug history, considering age-related changes, monitoring clinical
response, using the simplest regimen, avoiding drug-drug interactions, reviewing the
need for continued therapy, encouraging medication disposal, and promoting adherence
- ANS-Elderly Adverse Drug Reaction Prevention
Simplifying regimens, providing clear instructions, using appropriate dosage forms,
labeling and dispensing, developing daily reminders, frequent monitoring, affordability,
and support systems - ANS-Elderly Medication Adherence Promotion
, Need nitrate free interval to prevent tolerance development - ANS-Nitrates
Administration Timing
Gender, race, genetics, variability in absorption, placebo effect, tolerance, pathology,
age, and body weight - ANS-Medication Outcome Impact Factors
Required for genetic testing - ANS-Genetic Testing Informed Consent
Protects patients from discrimination based on genetic information by employers and
insurance providers - ANS-Genetic Information Non-Discriminatory Act
Practice authority refers to the ability to practice without physician oversight, while
prescriptive authority refers to the ability to prescribe medications independently - ANS-
Practice Authority vs. Prescriptive Authority
Regulated by the jurisdiction of a health professional board - ANS-Prescriptive Authority
Regulation
Determined by state practice and licensure laws - ANS-Scope of Practice Determination
Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to evaluate, diagnose, treat, and prescribe
medications independently - ANS-Full Practice Authority
Nurse practitioners are limited and require a formal collaborative agreement with an
outside health discipline - ANS-Reduced Practice Authority
Nurse practitioners are limited and require supervision, delegation, or team
management by an outside health discipline - ANS-Restricted Practice Authority
Prescriber contact info, patient info, medication details, and signature - ANS-Rx
Components
Must contain all elements, avoid error-prone abbreviations, and use tamper-resistant
scripts - ANS-Written Prescription Problems
Determining therapeutic dosage, evaluating medication adequacy, identifying adverse
effects, and assessing serious or life-threatening risks - ANS-Reasons for Medication
Monitoring
Avoid in children under 10 - ANS-Statin Prescription Age
Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply - ANS-
CCB Role in Variant Angina
Advanced Pharmacology Care-Graded
A
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with greater
risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - ANS-ASCVD Risk Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy with a
statin or fibrate - ANS-Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing absorption
from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides - ANS-Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and smoking
cessation - ANS-Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for generally well-
tolerated side effects - ANS-Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation - ANS-Organic
Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes, including
grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole antifungal drugs,
and some CCB - ANS-Ranolazine Contraindications
Reduced renal function, polypharmacy, greater illness severity, low therapeutic index
drugs, increased individual variation, inadequate supervision, and poor adherence -
ANS-Elderly Adverse Drug Reaction Risk Factors
Obtaining a thorough drug history, considering age-related changes, monitoring clinical
response, using the simplest regimen, avoiding drug-drug interactions, reviewing the
need for continued therapy, encouraging medication disposal, and promoting adherence
- ANS-Elderly Adverse Drug Reaction Prevention
Simplifying regimens, providing clear instructions, using appropriate dosage forms,
labeling and dispensing, developing daily reminders, frequent monitoring, affordability,
and support systems - ANS-Elderly Medication Adherence Promotion
, Need nitrate free interval to prevent tolerance development - ANS-Nitrates
Administration Timing
Gender, race, genetics, variability in absorption, placebo effect, tolerance, pathology,
age, and body weight - ANS-Medication Outcome Impact Factors
Required for genetic testing - ANS-Genetic Testing Informed Consent
Protects patients from discrimination based on genetic information by employers and
insurance providers - ANS-Genetic Information Non-Discriminatory Act
Practice authority refers to the ability to practice without physician oversight, while
prescriptive authority refers to the ability to prescribe medications independently - ANS-
Practice Authority vs. Prescriptive Authority
Regulated by the jurisdiction of a health professional board - ANS-Prescriptive Authority
Regulation
Determined by state practice and licensure laws - ANS-Scope of Practice Determination
Nurse practitioners have the autonomy to evaluate, diagnose, treat, and prescribe
medications independently - ANS-Full Practice Authority
Nurse practitioners are limited and require a formal collaborative agreement with an
outside health discipline - ANS-Reduced Practice Authority
Nurse practitioners are limited and require supervision, delegation, or team
management by an outside health discipline - ANS-Restricted Practice Authority
Prescriber contact info, patient info, medication details, and signature - ANS-Rx
Components
Must contain all elements, avoid error-prone abbreviations, and use tamper-resistant
scripts - ANS-Written Prescription Problems
Determining therapeutic dosage, evaluating medication adequacy, identifying adverse
effects, and assessing serious or life-threatening risks - ANS-Reasons for Medication
Monitoring
Avoid in children under 10 - ANS-Statin Prescription Age
Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply - ANS-
CCB Role in Variant Angina
