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Menopause transition-changes in SHBG and testosterone?
ratio? - ANSWER-
SHBG
decreases
Testosterone/SHBG ratio increases
by 80%.
Testosterone/SHGB ratio is called what? - ANSWER-The free
androgen index
What stage are VMS more likely? - ANSWER-+1b (generally last
2 years)
What hormone is generally higher in obese women? -
ANSWER-Estrone-via
aromatization.
The postmenopausal ovary continues to produce what
two hormones? -
,ANSWER-testosterone and
androstenedione
Surgical menopause causes women to have lower levels of
what hormone? -
ANSWER-testosterone. 40-50% lower than in women w/
intact ovaries.
Driving piece of menopause is ovarian follicles depleting. What
does this do to
the inhibin B and AMH? - ANSWER-inhibin and
AMH decrease
therefore, follicle growth is not restrained, this allows for
the growth of the
remaining, diminished
follicle pool.
In the menopause transition, women spend more time in
what phase? -
ANSWER-Luteal-more PMS symptoms, more frequent
menstrual periods.
HPO axis theory and the menopause transition - ANSWER-It is
felt that the
HPO axis may become less sensitive to estrogen, so even with
good follicle
growth and estradiol secretion, LH surges can fail which can
lead to more cycle
, irregularity.
In the first year after the FMP, there is no production of
what hormone? -
ANSWER-
progesterone
What region of the adrenal gland secretes the androgens? -
ANSWER-zona
reticularis
what are considered the 'adrenal androgens'? - ANSWER-
DHEA, DHEAS,
Androstenedione.
Aldosterone secretion from the zona reticularis in the adrenal
gland is regulated
by 3 main factors. - ANSWER-Angiotensin II, potassium
concentration,
adrenocorticotropic hormone secreted by the
anterior pituitary.
What part of the pituitary gland secretes adrenocorticotropic
hormone? - ANSWER-Anterior pituitary. The posterior only
secretes vasopressin and oxytosin.
When it is appropriate to check an FSH during the cycle if you
check it? and why? - ANSWER-Cycle day #3. Elevated estradiol
can suppress FSH giving a falsely normal FSH level.