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C721 - Notes Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Five elements that support management's effective attainment of
organizational goals Ans: Planning, organizing, directing, controlling
resources, and staffing
Management Ans: The process of working with and through people to
achieve organizational goals
______________ and _________________ are both essential in organizations and
must be integrated effectively to lead to high performance Ans: Management
and leadership
Key trait of an effective change leader Ans: They define themselves as change
leaders
Change leaders must embrace _________ instead of being
________________________ as part of the change process Ans: Risk instead of
being adverse to risk
Organizational Development Ans: The practice of changing people and
organizations for positive growth
Change Management Ans: Encompasses approaches used by business
content and behavioral process specialists that assist leaders in moving
organizations from a present to future state
Systems Theory Ans: Organizations are viewed as a total system of
interdependent subsystems with individual components that include people,
technology, work, and culture all of which work together to respond to
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external environmental changes such as competitors, customers, or
government regulations
Contingency Theory Ans: Viewing organizational dimensions (strategy,
structure, people, work, rewards) as parts of a whole that fit together. When
one of these dimensions is out of sync with the others, issues emerge
Long-Term Approach Ans: Focuses on lasting effects through changes in
cultural norms including interventions and alter attitudes, behaviors,
processes, knowledge, and structures
Top-Down Approach Ans: Seeks to gain top management commitment and
involvement in order to significantly affect intended changes
Implemented throughout the organization
Collaborative Approach Ans: Involving professionals who are affected by
changes and who support the changes to the organization
Analytical Approach Ans: Examines data, diagnoses present problems, and
motivates change to resolve issues
Facilitation Approach Ans: Uses skilled dialogue and discussion, listening,
feedback when assisting professionals to identify weaknesses and strengths of
the organization: planning for change; managing the change process; and
implementing, coaching, and problem solving during the change
Design Approach Ans: Helps leaders and managers to develop meaningful
work climates where organizational members can accomplish their goals in a
healthy way
What constitutes an internal change? Ans: Changes to an organizations
operating system
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A formal subsystem consists of: Ans: Leadership, strategy, management,
goals, marketing, operations, technology, and structure
Type 1 error Ans: When the environment is actually stable, but the leaders
and mangers perceive it as turbulent and proceed to take unneeded actions
to respond
Type 2 error Ans: Happens when leaders and managers perceive the
environment as stable when in actuality it is turbulent and they fail to take the
necessary actions thus threatening the survival of the organization
Developmental Change Ans: Improvement of what already exists
Transitional Change Ans: Implementation to achieve a known desired state
that is different from the existing one
EXAMPLE: Installing a new technology system
Transformational Change Ans: The emergence of a new, unknown state for
the organization
EXAMPLE: Changing the entire structure and culture of an organization
Dunphy and Stace's Model four levels of change Ans: Level 1: Fine-Tuning-
This type of change involves an ongoing process of matching and fitting an
organization's strategy, structure, and processes with the environment. Ex.
Commitment to the organization's mission and departments
Level 2: Incremental Adjustment: Incremental adjustments are predictable
changes that evolve slowly and systematically at a constant rate over time
C721 - Notes Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers
Five elements that support management's effective attainment of
organizational goals Ans: Planning, organizing, directing, controlling
resources, and staffing
Management Ans: The process of working with and through people to
achieve organizational goals
______________ and _________________ are both essential in organizations and
must be integrated effectively to lead to high performance Ans: Management
and leadership
Key trait of an effective change leader Ans: They define themselves as change
leaders
Change leaders must embrace _________ instead of being
________________________ as part of the change process Ans: Risk instead of
being adverse to risk
Organizational Development Ans: The practice of changing people and
organizations for positive growth
Change Management Ans: Encompasses approaches used by business
content and behavioral process specialists that assist leaders in moving
organizations from a present to future state
Systems Theory Ans: Organizations are viewed as a total system of
interdependent subsystems with individual components that include people,
technology, work, and culture all of which work together to respond to
,2|Page
external environmental changes such as competitors, customers, or
government regulations
Contingency Theory Ans: Viewing organizational dimensions (strategy,
structure, people, work, rewards) as parts of a whole that fit together. When
one of these dimensions is out of sync with the others, issues emerge
Long-Term Approach Ans: Focuses on lasting effects through changes in
cultural norms including interventions and alter attitudes, behaviors,
processes, knowledge, and structures
Top-Down Approach Ans: Seeks to gain top management commitment and
involvement in order to significantly affect intended changes
Implemented throughout the organization
Collaborative Approach Ans: Involving professionals who are affected by
changes and who support the changes to the organization
Analytical Approach Ans: Examines data, diagnoses present problems, and
motivates change to resolve issues
Facilitation Approach Ans: Uses skilled dialogue and discussion, listening,
feedback when assisting professionals to identify weaknesses and strengths of
the organization: planning for change; managing the change process; and
implementing, coaching, and problem solving during the change
Design Approach Ans: Helps leaders and managers to develop meaningful
work climates where organizational members can accomplish their goals in a
healthy way
What constitutes an internal change? Ans: Changes to an organizations
operating system
, 3|Page
A formal subsystem consists of: Ans: Leadership, strategy, management,
goals, marketing, operations, technology, and structure
Type 1 error Ans: When the environment is actually stable, but the leaders
and mangers perceive it as turbulent and proceed to take unneeded actions
to respond
Type 2 error Ans: Happens when leaders and managers perceive the
environment as stable when in actuality it is turbulent and they fail to take the
necessary actions thus threatening the survival of the organization
Developmental Change Ans: Improvement of what already exists
Transitional Change Ans: Implementation to achieve a known desired state
that is different from the existing one
EXAMPLE: Installing a new technology system
Transformational Change Ans: The emergence of a new, unknown state for
the organization
EXAMPLE: Changing the entire structure and culture of an organization
Dunphy and Stace's Model four levels of change Ans: Level 1: Fine-Tuning-
This type of change involves an ongoing process of matching and fitting an
organization's strategy, structure, and processes with the environment. Ex.
Commitment to the organization's mission and departments
Level 2: Incremental Adjustment: Incremental adjustments are predictable
changes that evolve slowly and systematically at a constant rate over time
