Physio exam 3 Pace BIO 207 CSULB
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1g296
1. What is in the circulatory system?: Contains three parts:
Heart (dual pump system),
Blood vessels (passageways),
and Blood (transport mechanism)
2. What are the circulatory system functions?: I. Transportation - respiratory gases, nutrients,
waste
II. Regulation - hormones and temperature
III. Protection - clotting and immune system
3. What are the circulatory system components?: I. Cardiovascular - Heart (four chambers) and
blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins)
II. Lymphatic system - lymphatic vessels, lymphoid tissues, lymphatic organs (spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes)
4. Describe the characteristics of blood composition.: We have 5 liters of blood
Has liquid, dissolved proteins and cells
Has viscosity 5x of water
pH 7.35
Has 45% formed elements, 55% plasma
5. What are the two main components of blood and how can you compare blood
to a boba drink?: Plasma is the fluid part of blood - contains plasma proteins and serum; the boba tea
Formed elements - the boba beads
6. What is found in blood plasma (nutrients, metabolites....)?: Contains nutrients and
metabolites (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids); Hormones (insulin, glucagon, sex hormones); Ions (Na+, K+, Ca++, Cl-);
Bicarbonate; respiratory gases (o2, CO2); Waste products (urea, food additives)
7. b. What proteins are found in blood plasma?: Constitute 5-7% of plasma
I. Albumins - 60%-80% of plasma proteins; creates colloid pressure to maintain blood volume and pressure
II. Globulins
III. Fibrinogen - important for clotting
8. Describe erythrocytes.: We have 4-6 million/mm3; they're biconcave; carry O2; have 120-day life span;
contain hemoglobin
1/8
, Physio exam 3 Pace BIO 207 CSULB
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1g296
9. What is erythropoiesis?: Production of new blood cells; 2.5 billion RBC produced/sec; old RBCs are
removed by phagocytic cells in liver, spleen, and bones marrow
10. What is a platelet?: Aka thrombocytes; smallest element in the blood; come from megakaryocytes; are
small fragments; important in blood clotting
11. What are the different blood types and what element on a blood cell tells
us what blood type we have (not lectured in class, have to learn on your
own)?: Antigens: found on the surface of cells to help immune system recognize itself
Antibodies: secreted by lymphocytes in response to foreign cells
12. What is transfusion reaction?: wrong blood type transfusion leads to agglutination
13. What are universal donors?: O- blood type because their RBCs do not have any antigens and can go
into blood "undetected"
14. What are universal receptors?: AB+ doesn't have A, B or Rh antibodies, so it can't 'attack' any of the
other blood types
15. What is hemostasis?: Cessation of bleeding after vessel damage
16. What is the role of platelets in blood clotting?: Form platelet plug to stop bleeding; damage
to endothelium allows platelets to bind to collagen; von Willebrand factor increases binding of collagen and platelets;
Platelets release ADP, serotonin and thromboxane A2.
Serotonin and thromboxane A2 simulate vasoconstriction reducing blood flow to wound; ADP and thromboxane A2
make other platelets sticky
17. How are platelets prevented from clotting when there is no injury? (3 chem-
icals/strategies): (1) Prostacyclin and (2) nitric oxide keep clots from forming and are vasodilators.
(3) removal of ADP by CD39
18. What is the role fibrin in blood clotting?: Forms a meshwork around platelets; calcium and
phospholipid from platelets convert prothrombin to thrombin which converts fibrinogen to fibrin
19. What are the two ways to stimulate fibrin formation?: Extrinsic pathway:
Intrinsic Pathway
20. What is extrinsic pathway?: Damage to tissue outside the vessel tissue thromboplastin activate Factor
X convert prothrombin to thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin blood clot
21. What is intrinsic pathway?: Damage to blood vessel cascade of clotting factors activate Factor X convert
prothrombin to thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin blood clot
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1g296
1. What is in the circulatory system?: Contains three parts:
Heart (dual pump system),
Blood vessels (passageways),
and Blood (transport mechanism)
2. What are the circulatory system functions?: I. Transportation - respiratory gases, nutrients,
waste
II. Regulation - hormones and temperature
III. Protection - clotting and immune system
3. What are the circulatory system components?: I. Cardiovascular - Heart (four chambers) and
blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins)
II. Lymphatic system - lymphatic vessels, lymphoid tissues, lymphatic organs (spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes)
4. Describe the characteristics of blood composition.: We have 5 liters of blood
Has liquid, dissolved proteins and cells
Has viscosity 5x of water
pH 7.35
Has 45% formed elements, 55% plasma
5. What are the two main components of blood and how can you compare blood
to a boba drink?: Plasma is the fluid part of blood - contains plasma proteins and serum; the boba tea
Formed elements - the boba beads
6. What is found in blood plasma (nutrients, metabolites....)?: Contains nutrients and
metabolites (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids); Hormones (insulin, glucagon, sex hormones); Ions (Na+, K+, Ca++, Cl-);
Bicarbonate; respiratory gases (o2, CO2); Waste products (urea, food additives)
7. b. What proteins are found in blood plasma?: Constitute 5-7% of plasma
I. Albumins - 60%-80% of plasma proteins; creates colloid pressure to maintain blood volume and pressure
II. Globulins
III. Fibrinogen - important for clotting
8. Describe erythrocytes.: We have 4-6 million/mm3; they're biconcave; carry O2; have 120-day life span;
contain hemoglobin
1/8
, Physio exam 3 Pace BIO 207 CSULB
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1g296
9. What is erythropoiesis?: Production of new blood cells; 2.5 billion RBC produced/sec; old RBCs are
removed by phagocytic cells in liver, spleen, and bones marrow
10. What is a platelet?: Aka thrombocytes; smallest element in the blood; come from megakaryocytes; are
small fragments; important in blood clotting
11. What are the different blood types and what element on a blood cell tells
us what blood type we have (not lectured in class, have to learn on your
own)?: Antigens: found on the surface of cells to help immune system recognize itself
Antibodies: secreted by lymphocytes in response to foreign cells
12. What is transfusion reaction?: wrong blood type transfusion leads to agglutination
13. What are universal donors?: O- blood type because their RBCs do not have any antigens and can go
into blood "undetected"
14. What are universal receptors?: AB+ doesn't have A, B or Rh antibodies, so it can't 'attack' any of the
other blood types
15. What is hemostasis?: Cessation of bleeding after vessel damage
16. What is the role of platelets in blood clotting?: Form platelet plug to stop bleeding; damage
to endothelium allows platelets to bind to collagen; von Willebrand factor increases binding of collagen and platelets;
Platelets release ADP, serotonin and thromboxane A2.
Serotonin and thromboxane A2 simulate vasoconstriction reducing blood flow to wound; ADP and thromboxane A2
make other platelets sticky
17. How are platelets prevented from clotting when there is no injury? (3 chem-
icals/strategies): (1) Prostacyclin and (2) nitric oxide keep clots from forming and are vasodilators.
(3) removal of ADP by CD39
18. What is the role fibrin in blood clotting?: Forms a meshwork around platelets; calcium and
phospholipid from platelets convert prothrombin to thrombin which converts fibrinogen to fibrin
19. What are the two ways to stimulate fibrin formation?: Extrinsic pathway:
Intrinsic Pathway
20. What is extrinsic pathway?: Damage to tissue outside the vessel tissue thromboplastin activate Factor
X convert prothrombin to thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin blood clot
21. What is intrinsic pathway?: Damage to blood vessel cascade of clotting factors activate Factor X convert
prothrombin to thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin blood clot
2/8
