With significant cell injury or death caused by shock, the clotting cascade is __________,
resulting in small clots lodging in microcirculation, further hampering cellular
perfusion. This upregulation of the clotting cascade further compromises
microcirculation of tissues, exacerbating cellular hypoperfusion. Cellular metabolism
is impaired, and a self-perpetuating negative situation (ie a positive feedback loop) is
initiated
Give this one a try later!
, Overproductive
Both __________ and __________ are small handheld devices that may be carried in a pocket
or purse. Attention to effective drug delivery and training in proper inhaler technique
is essential when using either of these.
Give this one a try later!
pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry-powder inhalers (DPIs)
__________ is a serious complication that may occur when large volumes of fluid are
given. It may also occur after trauma, abdominal surgery, pancreatitis, or sepsis. In this
condition, fluid leaks into the intra-abdominal cavity, increasing pressure that is
displaced onto surrounding vessels and organs. (P. 282 for more)
Give this one a try later!
Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS)
Older adults patients are at particular risk for sepsis. Why?
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Because of decreased physiologic reserves, an aging immune system,
comorbid conditions, and often nonspecific presentation of infection.
,Success in weaning the patient who is long-term ventilator dependent requires early
and aggressive but judicious __________. The respiratory muscles (diaphragm and
especially intercostals) become weak or atrophied after just a few days of mechanical
ventilation and may be catabolized for energy, especially if nutrition is inadequate.
Give this one a try later!
Nutritional support
Beyond reversing the primary cause of the decreased intravascular volume in
hypovolemic shock, _________ is of primary concern. At least two large-gauge IV lines
are inserted to establish access for fluid administration. If an IV catheter cannot be
quickly inserted, an IO catheter may be used for access in the sternum, legs (tibia), or
arms (humerus) to facilitate rapid fluid replacement.
Give this one a try later!
Fluid replacement
__________ is caused by a severe allergic reaction when patients who have already
produced antibodies to an antigen (foreign substance) develop a systemic antigen-
antibody reaction; specifically, an IgE-mediated response. This antigen-antibody
reaction provokes mast cells to release potent vasoactive substances, such as
histamine or bradykinin, and activates inflammatory cytokines, causing widespread
vasodilation and capillary permeability.
Give this one a try later!
, Anaphylactic shock
___________ is a time-triggered, pressure-limited, time-cycled mode of mechanical
ventilation that allows unrestricted, spontaneous breathing throughout the ventilatory
cycle. The inflation period is long, and breaths may be initiated spontaneously as well
as by the ventilator. This type of ventilation allows alveolar gas to be expelled through
the lungs' natural recoil.
Give this one a try later!
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)
The release of catecholamines early in the shock continuum causes __________
Give this one a try later!
Rapid depletion of glycogen stores
For Grade II or III (moderate or severe) COPD, what meds may be prescribed?
Give this one a try later!
A short-acting bronchodilator and regular treatment with one or more
long-acting bronchodilators may be used
resulting in small clots lodging in microcirculation, further hampering cellular
perfusion. This upregulation of the clotting cascade further compromises
microcirculation of tissues, exacerbating cellular hypoperfusion. Cellular metabolism
is impaired, and a self-perpetuating negative situation (ie a positive feedback loop) is
initiated
Give this one a try later!
, Overproductive
Both __________ and __________ are small handheld devices that may be carried in a pocket
or purse. Attention to effective drug delivery and training in proper inhaler technique
is essential when using either of these.
Give this one a try later!
pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry-powder inhalers (DPIs)
__________ is a serious complication that may occur when large volumes of fluid are
given. It may also occur after trauma, abdominal surgery, pancreatitis, or sepsis. In this
condition, fluid leaks into the intra-abdominal cavity, increasing pressure that is
displaced onto surrounding vessels and organs. (P. 282 for more)
Give this one a try later!
Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS)
Older adults patients are at particular risk for sepsis. Why?
Give this one a try later!
Because of decreased physiologic reserves, an aging immune system,
comorbid conditions, and often nonspecific presentation of infection.
,Success in weaning the patient who is long-term ventilator dependent requires early
and aggressive but judicious __________. The respiratory muscles (diaphragm and
especially intercostals) become weak or atrophied after just a few days of mechanical
ventilation and may be catabolized for energy, especially if nutrition is inadequate.
Give this one a try later!
Nutritional support
Beyond reversing the primary cause of the decreased intravascular volume in
hypovolemic shock, _________ is of primary concern. At least two large-gauge IV lines
are inserted to establish access for fluid administration. If an IV catheter cannot be
quickly inserted, an IO catheter may be used for access in the sternum, legs (tibia), or
arms (humerus) to facilitate rapid fluid replacement.
Give this one a try later!
Fluid replacement
__________ is caused by a severe allergic reaction when patients who have already
produced antibodies to an antigen (foreign substance) develop a systemic antigen-
antibody reaction; specifically, an IgE-mediated response. This antigen-antibody
reaction provokes mast cells to release potent vasoactive substances, such as
histamine or bradykinin, and activates inflammatory cytokines, causing widespread
vasodilation and capillary permeability.
Give this one a try later!
, Anaphylactic shock
___________ is a time-triggered, pressure-limited, time-cycled mode of mechanical
ventilation that allows unrestricted, spontaneous breathing throughout the ventilatory
cycle. The inflation period is long, and breaths may be initiated spontaneously as well
as by the ventilator. This type of ventilation allows alveolar gas to be expelled through
the lungs' natural recoil.
Give this one a try later!
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)
The release of catecholamines early in the shock continuum causes __________
Give this one a try later!
Rapid depletion of glycogen stores
For Grade II or III (moderate or severe) COPD, what meds may be prescribed?
Give this one a try later!
A short-acting bronchodilator and regular treatment with one or more
long-acting bronchodilators may be used
