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Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS)
Exam 2025/2026 Q&A
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion
after a motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a
fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes
febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon
examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the
NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction - ANSWER-D. Transfusion
reaction
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Skin antiseptic - ANSWER--Ethanol 70% is an effective
skin antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss -
ANSWER-55%
How does shivering affect body temperature - ANSWER-
Increases body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss -
ANSWER-35%
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Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion -
ANSWER-Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock - ANSWER--
Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased
venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually
without symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and
40%
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-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria,
flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of
resuscitation during CPR? - ANSWER-Reactivity of pupils
to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube -
ANSWER--Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to
the anterior chest and abdomen - ANSWER-18%
Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS)
Exam 2025/2026 Q&A
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion
after a motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a
fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes
febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon
examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the
NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction - ANSWER-D. Transfusion
reaction
,2|Page
Skin antiseptic - ANSWER--Ethanol 70% is an effective
skin antiseptic
-Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram- skin infections
-Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss -
ANSWER-55%
How does shivering affect body temperature - ANSWER-
Increases body temperature
Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss -
ANSWER-35%
,3|Page
Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion -
ANSWER-Observation
Associated with hypovolemic shock - ANSWER--
Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased
venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually
without symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and
40%
, 4|Page
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria,
flat neck veins
The most effective method of monitoring the success of
resuscitation during CPR? - ANSWER-Reactivity of pupils
to light
Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube -
ANSWER--Ultrasound
-Bilateral breath sounds
-Sustained end-tidal CO2
Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to
the anterior chest and abdomen - ANSWER-18%
