SPED 571 Final Exam | Questions with 100% Correct Answers

SPED 571 Final Exam | Questions with 100% Correct Answers Once an FBA has been completed, what strategic approach(es) to intervention may be based upon it (select all that apply)? - teaching alternative behaviors - alternating antecedent variables - alternating consequent variables Analog conditions are used in a functional analysis because they allow the practitioner to better control the environmental variables that may be related to the problem behavior. Conducting a descriptive functional behavior assessment may involve (select all that apply) -providing a narrative description of the problem behavior in the environment in which it occurs. -Continuous recording of the problem behavior in relation to naturally occurring events. -implementing a scatterplot. Appropriate functional alternatives to problem behavior produce the same reinforcer for the individual. A default technology is the term used to refer to the interventions that individuals may resort to using that are increasingly intrusive, coercive, and punishment-based. Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Sammy's biting. What would you conclude is the function of Sammy's biting? Select all that apply both social positive reinforcement and social negative reinforcement Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Brittany's eye poking. What would you conclude is probably the function of Brittany's eye poking? automatic reinforcement Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Michael's head hitting. Based on your conclusions about its maintaining conditions, an intervention most likely to be effective in reducing self-injury would be noncontingent attention and learning to request attention. Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Laurie's mouthing of clothing and other inedible objects. Based on the results so far, the next step you might take would be to consider developing an intervention for automatically reinforced behavior. Look at the following graph from a functional analysis of Tony's dropping to the floor. Based on your conclusions about its maintaining conditions, an intervention most likely to be effective in reducing dropping would be reducing task effort and teaching Tony to sign "Break" during non-preferred activities. Assessment of the function of a behavior can yield useful information with respect to intervention strategies that are likely to be effective. True FBA methods can be classified into two types: 1) functional analysis and 2) descriptive assessment. False Behavior analysts may get interesting information from descriptive and indirect assessments, but these do not provide a basis for developing functional hypotheses. False According to your text, the purpose of an FBA is to: - weed out associated and irrelevant variables - Identify and describe variables that are functionally related to the interfering behavior. The process by which behavior is strengthened when it is followed by a consequence is called: Reinforcement Positive reinforcement refers to the _________ of a consequence to strengthen behavior, while negative reinforcement refers to the _________ of a consequence to strengthen behavior. Presentation; Removal You are cold. You put on your warm sweater. In the future, you put on the sweater more often when you feel cold. This is an example of: Individually Mediated Reinforcement Which of the following is an effect of a motivating operation? Behavior that has been reinforced by a specific consequence temporarily increases in frequency following a motivating operation A response class refers to a set of responses that are topographically similar to one another. false Jimmie is working on his homework for class. When he completes five math problems, his parents give him a piece of candy. When he completes five writing comprehension questions, his parents give him two pieces of candy. Jimmie typically completes more writing comprehension questions than math problems. What is this an example of? The Matching Law Biological and medical variables most likely function as motivating operations with respect to interfering behavior? True Thoughts influence behavior by functioning as: -eliciting stimuli for emotions -motivating operations In Carr et al. (2003), menstrual discomfort served as a punisher for interfering behavior. False A culturally attuned FBA: - Should be conducted by someone that is a professionally competent speaker of the family's native language - Should consider the family's perception of disabilities - Considers students as individuals rather than stereotyping ethnic groups *answer = all of the above O'Reilly et al. (1995) reported that the function of Shawn's aggression was negatively reinforced by the escape from demands. True For most participants in Zarcone et al. (2004), risperidone had the behavioral effect of: Decreasing the frequency of destructive behavior What are executive skills? A set of high-level cognitive functions possessed by human beings that allow us to accomplish goals and meet challenges across our entire lifespan. When should you use the BAPS Model? - following the completion of assessment Which of the following is not a component of the eight-term conceptual model? Punishing consequences The setting or environment in which the interfering behavior occurs refers to: context Jimmie a third-grade student enrolled in a public elementary school. During class instruction, Jimmie will yell. The teacher shushes him and the rest of the class laughs. The teacher asks the rest of the class to stop laughing in response to Jimmie's yelling. Now when Jimmie yells, the teacher shushes him but the rest of the class does not laugh. However, Jimmie is still yelling the same amount. The teacher shushing Jimmie would best fall under what component of the BAPS model? Reinforcing Consequences Jimmie a third-grade student enrolled in a public elementary school. During class instruction, Jimmie will yell. The teacher shushes him and the rest of the class laughs. The teacher asks the rest of the class to stop laughing in response to Jimmie's yelling. Now when Jimmie yells, the teacher shushes him but the rest of the class does not laugh. However, Jimmie is still yelling the same amount. Class instruction would best fall under what component of the BAPS model? Context Jimmie a third-grade student enrolled in a public elementary school. During class instruction, Jimmie will yell. The teacher shushes him and the rest of the class laughs. The teacher asks the rest of the class to stop laughing in response to Jimmie's yelling. Now when Jimmie yells, the teacher shushes him but the rest of the class does not laugh. However, Jimmie is still yelling the same amount. Jimmie yelling would best fall under what component of the BAPS model? interfering behavior What is meant by "indirect" in regards to indirect functional behavior assessments? That the information is not obtained through observation of the behavior When interviewees attribute the cause of an interfering behavior to the variables present during the most recent occurrence, they are committing which error? Recency Error of Perception According to Schwartz & Baer (1991), Social Invalidity is: The behaviors of consumers who not only disapprove of some component in the ongoing program but are going to do something about their disapproval The results of Saini et al. (2020) indicate that open-ended interviews were more likely than closed-ended interviews to correctly identify the function of challenging behavior. True According to Iwata, DeLeon, and Roscoe (2013), the FAST is NOT: An approximation to a functional analysis of problem behavior The results of Alter et al. (2008) indicate that direct assessments may be more likely indirect assessments to correctly identify the function of someone's challenging behavior. true Which of the following qualities does an operational definition not need to pass the adequacy test? Concise While one of the results of an indirect assessment is a working definition for the interfering behavior(s), descriptive assessments result in an operational definition. True Match the appropriate type of recording with a type of behavior that can be measured with it: 1) Frequency Recording 2) Duration Recording 3) Latency Recording 4) Momentary time sampling 1) Frequency Recording The target behavior is discrete (i.e. has a clear beginning and end) 2) Duration Recording The length of the target behavior varies widely 3) Latency Recording The target behavior has a clear controlling antecedent stimulus 4) Momentary time sampling It is not practical or feasible to continuously observe the target behavior Match the descriptive assessment with a corresponding disadvantage: 1) Functional Behavioral Assessment Observation Form (FBAOF) 2) Incident-Based Functional Assessment Form (IBFAF) 3) Conditional Probability Record (CPR) 4) Interval Recording Procedure (IRP) 1) Functional Behavioral Assessment Observation Form (FBAOF) relevant functional variables 2) Incident-Based Functional Assessment Form (IBFAF) Observers must possess advanced knowledge of applied behavior analysis to use this tool effectively 3) Conditional Probability Record (CPR)The events observed to occur before and after interfering behaviors may not be the Observers must be free to devote the entire observation period to data collection 4) Interval Recording Procedure (IRP) The form does not enable documentation of specific antecedents and consequences of interfering behavior Which of the following defines interresponse time (IRT) The time between instances of the response A time-based lag sequential analysis is: An analysis of whether there is a relationship between the behavior of one person with another person's behavior based on the amount of time that occurs between theme Which of the reinforcer assessment conditions resulted in a decreased frequency of hoarding? - sorting -clean -storage bag *answer= all of them Match the following consequences used during functional analysis conditions to the type of reinforcement assessed: 1) Contingent attention 2) Contingent access to puzzles 3) Contingent withdrawal of math problems 4) Contingent removal of attention 5) Contingent access to reading materials 6) No social contingencies presented 1) Contingent attention positive reinforcement 2) Contingent access to puzzles positive reinforcement 3) Contingent withdrawal of math problems negative reinforcement 4) Contingent removal of attention negative reinforcement 5) Contingent access to reading materials positive reinforcement 6) No social contingencies presented automatic reinforcement Match the functional analysis variant with its description: 1) Extended Functional Analysis 2) Brief Functional Analysis 3) Trial Based Functional Analysis 4) Synthesized Functional Analysis 5) Structural Analysis 1) Extended Functional Analysis Also called the traditional functional analysis, this variant was initially validated for use with self-injurious behavior in hospital settings 2) Brief Functional Analysis This variant has shorter sessions, fewer sessions, and/or fewer conditions when compared to the traditional functional analysis 3) Trial Based Functional Analysis This variant records the occurrence or non-occurrence of behavior when the MO is presented rather than continuously recording the rate of behavior in a session 4) Synthesized Functional Analysis This variant only consists of a control condition and highly individualized test condition 5) Structural Analysis This variant analyzes the relationship between antecedent variables and the interfering behavior instead of consequence variables and the interfering behavior What is a functional relation? When a cause-effect relationship between variables has been demonstrated experimentally. Which of the following was not a condition analyzed in Iwata et al. (1994/1982)? Ignore Dwyer-Moore & Dixon (2007) demonstrated that functional analyses were useful with which population?