Dental Nurse Exam Prep Guide 2025:
Comprehensive Study Companion
Temperature for manual development of X-rays
A. 10–15°C
B. 25–30°C
C. 18–22°C
D. 35–40°C
Rationale: 18–22°C is the correct temperature range for optimal manual film development.
Lower temperatures underdevelop; higher temperatures cause overdevelopment.
Examples of X-ray handling faults include
A. Scratches or fingerprints – not holding film by the edges
B. Elongation – collimator angulation too shallow
C. Coning – collimator not centered
D. Faint image – weak developer
Rationale: Scratches and fingerprints result from poor handling. The others are exposure or
processing faults.
Examples of X-ray exposure faults include
A. Coning – collimator not central to film, only partly exposed
B. Fogged film – light leak in darkroom
C. Dark film – hot developer
D. Scratches – poor handling
Rationale: Coning is caused by improper alignment of the collimator to the film. Others are
processing or handling issues.
X-ray processing faults include
A. Dark film – developer too hot, too concentrated, or overdeveloped
B. Fogged film – collimator off-center
C. Blurred image – patient movement
D. Blank spots – fixer splash
Rationale: Overheated or concentrated developer causes dark films. The rest are unrelated to
processing temperature or timing.
,Enamel fluorosis is
A. Discoloration of enamel caused by excessive fluoride intake
B. Demineralization from caries
C. Calcium deficiency
D. Trauma to developing teeth
Rationale: Excessive fluoride during tooth formation causes mottled, discolored enamel.
Elderly patients may suffer with
A. Skin – less fat, prone to bruising
B. Thick mucosa
C. Strong bone structure
D. Increased saliva
Rationale: Aging reduces skin fat and elasticity, causing fragility. Bone and mucosa also
weaken.
LA cartridges contain
A. Anaesthetic, sterile water, buffering agents, preservative, vasoconstrictor (optional)
B. Only saline
C. Air and adrenaline
D. Lidocaine alone
Rationale: Cartridges contain a mixture to stabilize and prolong anesthetic action;
vasoconstrictor is optional.
Black’s classification of cavities
A. Class I – single surface pit or fissure
B. Class II – cervical margin
C. Class III – posterior teeth
D. Class IV – occlusal pits
Rationale: Class I involves pits and fissures on occlusal surfaces; others refer to different
surfaces.
A luting cement is used for
A. Cementing crowns or inlays
B. Restoring caries
C. Whitening teeth
D. Bonding orthodontic brackets
Rationale: Luting cements secure indirect restorations to prepared teeth.
, Liners or bases in deep cavities include
A. Calcium hydroxide with GIC
B. Amalgam
C. Composite
D. Zinc phosphate alone
Rationale: Calcium hydroxide and GIC protect pulp and provide thermal insulation.
Apicectomy is the process of
A. Surgical removal of the apex of an infected tooth root
B. Root canal filling
C. Extraction of a tooth
D. Scaling and polishing
Rationale: Apicectomy removes the infected apex surgically while retaining the tooth.
Pontic refers to
A. Floating or false tooth in a bridge
B. Tooth root
C. Implant screw
D. Filling material
Rationale: A pontic is an artificial tooth in a bridge replacing a missing one.
Simple extraction is
A. Removal without sectioning or surgical flap
B. Bone removal and flap raising
C. Root resection
D. Tooth splitting
Rationale: Simple extractions use forceps or elevators without surgical intervention.
Bone rongeurs are used for
A. Cutting or trimming bone during alveolectomy
B. Extracting teeth
C. Holding tissue
D. Elevating flaps
Rationale: Rongeurs are forceps-like instruments for bone contouring.
Comprehensive Study Companion
Temperature for manual development of X-rays
A. 10–15°C
B. 25–30°C
C. 18–22°C
D. 35–40°C
Rationale: 18–22°C is the correct temperature range for optimal manual film development.
Lower temperatures underdevelop; higher temperatures cause overdevelopment.
Examples of X-ray handling faults include
A. Scratches or fingerprints – not holding film by the edges
B. Elongation – collimator angulation too shallow
C. Coning – collimator not centered
D. Faint image – weak developer
Rationale: Scratches and fingerprints result from poor handling. The others are exposure or
processing faults.
Examples of X-ray exposure faults include
A. Coning – collimator not central to film, only partly exposed
B. Fogged film – light leak in darkroom
C. Dark film – hot developer
D. Scratches – poor handling
Rationale: Coning is caused by improper alignment of the collimator to the film. Others are
processing or handling issues.
X-ray processing faults include
A. Dark film – developer too hot, too concentrated, or overdeveloped
B. Fogged film – collimator off-center
C. Blurred image – patient movement
D. Blank spots – fixer splash
Rationale: Overheated or concentrated developer causes dark films. The rest are unrelated to
processing temperature or timing.
,Enamel fluorosis is
A. Discoloration of enamel caused by excessive fluoride intake
B. Demineralization from caries
C. Calcium deficiency
D. Trauma to developing teeth
Rationale: Excessive fluoride during tooth formation causes mottled, discolored enamel.
Elderly patients may suffer with
A. Skin – less fat, prone to bruising
B. Thick mucosa
C. Strong bone structure
D. Increased saliva
Rationale: Aging reduces skin fat and elasticity, causing fragility. Bone and mucosa also
weaken.
LA cartridges contain
A. Anaesthetic, sterile water, buffering agents, preservative, vasoconstrictor (optional)
B. Only saline
C. Air and adrenaline
D. Lidocaine alone
Rationale: Cartridges contain a mixture to stabilize and prolong anesthetic action;
vasoconstrictor is optional.
Black’s classification of cavities
A. Class I – single surface pit or fissure
B. Class II – cervical margin
C. Class III – posterior teeth
D. Class IV – occlusal pits
Rationale: Class I involves pits and fissures on occlusal surfaces; others refer to different
surfaces.
A luting cement is used for
A. Cementing crowns or inlays
B. Restoring caries
C. Whitening teeth
D. Bonding orthodontic brackets
Rationale: Luting cements secure indirect restorations to prepared teeth.
, Liners or bases in deep cavities include
A. Calcium hydroxide with GIC
B. Amalgam
C. Composite
D. Zinc phosphate alone
Rationale: Calcium hydroxide and GIC protect pulp and provide thermal insulation.
Apicectomy is the process of
A. Surgical removal of the apex of an infected tooth root
B. Root canal filling
C. Extraction of a tooth
D. Scaling and polishing
Rationale: Apicectomy removes the infected apex surgically while retaining the tooth.
Pontic refers to
A. Floating or false tooth in a bridge
B. Tooth root
C. Implant screw
D. Filling material
Rationale: A pontic is an artificial tooth in a bridge replacing a missing one.
Simple extraction is
A. Removal without sectioning or surgical flap
B. Bone removal and flap raising
C. Root resection
D. Tooth splitting
Rationale: Simple extractions use forceps or elevators without surgical intervention.
Bone rongeurs are used for
A. Cutting or trimming bone during alveolectomy
B. Extracting teeth
C. Holding tissue
D. Elevating flaps
Rationale: Rongeurs are forceps-like instruments for bone contouring.
