IPHY 2420 FINAL EXAM|| 658
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100%
ACCURATE)
Knut recently found out that he has high LDL cholesterol in his blood and has told you
that he is going to eat less LDL cholesterol in an effort to reduce his levels. How would
you respond to him? - ANSWER-We do not eat LDL cholesterol, just cholesterol, so
reducing LDL cholesterol intake is impossible. Eating more unsaturated fats is a prudent
way to reduce LDL cholesterol in the blood.
The purpose of the villi and microvilli in the intestine is to: - ANSWER-increase the
absorptive surface of the small intestine and move nutrients into the body.
Aurelia is 7 months pregnant and has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. She is
doing her best to manage her symptoms but she is unaware if her gestational diabetes
can ever be cured. What would you tell Aurelia? - ANSWER-Once you give birth, this
will cause your diabetes to disappear, but you will be at a greater risk for type 2
diabetes in the future.
Carbohydrates and fats: - ANSWER-Are both used as energy sources by the body
Most nutrients are absorbed from the intestine into the circulatory system and are
routed to: - ANSWER-the liver, which then decides how to handle each nutrient and
sends them where needed.
Which of the following most accurately describes type 1 diabetes? - ANSWER-Type 1 is
an autoimmune condition in which the pancreas cannot make insulin, there by requiring
insulin treatment.
Louisa, who is overweight, has recently become pregnant. She has been feeling very
fatigued and needs to go to the bathroom in the middle of the night. Based on these
symptoms, what will her doctor likely test her for? - ANSWER-Gestational diabetes
Seiji wants to go on a low fat diet to lose weight and has decided to eliminate all dietary
fat sources from her diet. What could be the danger of choosing to eat this way? -
ANSWER-A low fat diet could inhibit the absorption of some essential nutrients into the
body
Lucy was told by her doctor that she needs to reduce the amount of cholesterol in her
diet. The reduction of which of the following foods will help lower Lucy's dietary
cholesterol levels? - ANSWER-Beef Lo Mein
,How does the body transport endogenous fats (fats that are made in the liver)? -
ANSWER-The liver packages endogenous fats into a VLDL for transport.
Masano has noticed lately that her 5 year-old son is drinking more water than usual and
is always tired. After going to the doctor, she finds out that he has also lost a bit of
weight. What could be causing these problems in her son? - ANSWER-Type 1
Diabetes, as his body is unable to absorb glucose to use as energy and he is excreting
the glucose in his urine
Ayushi has a cold and has decided to take vitamin C supplements to help boost her
immune system. Is this an effective treatment method? - ANSWER-No. Vitamin C is
water soluble therefore excess will be excreted in the urine.
Hung is interested in controlling his risk of developing CVD and decides to try the DASH
diet. Which of the following would be representative of the DASH diet
recommendations? - ANSWER-Increase consumption of fish while reducing red meat
intake.
Which pathway is the correct order for the process of fat digestion after the liver
produces bile? - ANSWER-Gallbladder stores bile, bile is released from gallbladder, bile
emulsifies the fat in the small intestine, enzymes break down the fat in the small
intestine, products of fat digestion are absorbed from the small intestine
Which of the following is not an effect that atherosclerosis has on the cardiovascular
system? - ANSWER-Plaque begins to build up and expands the artery walls, promoting
more blood flow
Based on the listed risk factors, which of the following individuals cannot modify their
risk for CVD? - ANSWER-Alfonso, whose maternal grandfather and uncle have both
had heart attacks
Consumption of which of the following fatty acids will have the most favorable effect on
blood cholesterol levels? - ANSWER-Monounsaturated
Ryuk has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following dietary
changes would be the most appropriate to help him manage his disease? - ANSWER-
Reduce total carbohydrate intake in an effort to demand less insulin production by the
pancreas.
Jafar recently suffered a heart attack and is changing his diet to reduce his risk of
having another one. Which type of fatty acids would you recommend that Jafar increase
in his diet and why? - ANSWER-Omega-3 fatty acids, as they can help reduce
inflammation and triglyceride levels in the blood.
What does it mean for a nutrient to be essential? - ANSWER-It must be eaten in the diet
,What information cannot be provided by a DEXA scan? - ANSWER-Hematocrit level
(%)
When a whole grain is processed, which part(s) of it are removed and what are the
effects of the processing? - ANSWER-Bran and germ; decrease in the grain's fiber and
micronutrient content
Deanna has gestational diabetes and has not managed it well, which puts her child at
risk for macrosomia. What is macrosomia and what is an associated risk? - ANSWER-
Delivering a large (in weight) baby; the child is at risk for being overweight later in life
Which of the following is the pathway that the majority of lipids follow for absorption into
the bloodstream? - ANSWER-Small intestine-micelle-intestinal wall-chylomicron-lymph-
bloodstream
Anastasia wants to start taking a multivitamin but is worried about an excess of certain
nutrients causing toxicity in her body. Which nutrient would be most likely to be toxic
when taken in excess amounts? - ANSWER-Vitamin A
Which of the following carbohydrates would not require any digestion in order to be
absorbed from the intestine into the body? - ANSWER-Fructose
Which accessory organ in the GI tract is incorrectly paired with its function? - ANSWER-
Liver; produces bicarbonate to neutralize chyme
Hypertension is considered a "silent killer" because: - ANSWER-it exhibits no outward
symptoms.
Vash is getting his fasting blood glucose level measured and he is hoping his blood
glucose is in the normal range. Which of the following blood glucose values fall into the
normal range? - ANSWER-85 mg/dl
Which of the following best explains the relationship between fiber and bile. - ANSWER-
Fiber binds to bile and both are excreted in the feces.
Andrew ate a slice of cheese pizza for lunch. Once it reaches his stomach, which
enzyme is acting on the food and what is its function? - ANSWER-Pepsin- breaks down
the proteins in the pizza
Constantina has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and was told by her
doctor to perform weekly foot checks as she began treatment. What is the purpose of
this? - ANSWER-Diabetes often results in poor circulation and damage to nerves
(numbness). Therefore, even a minor foot injury can progress to an ulcer, which often
requires hospitalization.
, What category will be added to nutrition facts labels on food packaging by July 2018 to
contribute to consumers' overall knowledge about packaged food? - ANSWER-Added
sugars
Kenneth adds table sugar to his coffee each morning. Which monosaccharides will he
eventually break the table sugar down to in his GI tract? - ANSWER-Glucose and
fructose
One form of carbohydrate is not digested or absorbed by humans but is fermented by
bacteria in the body. Which carbohydrate is this and in what location is it fermented? -
ANSWER-Fiber; Large Intestine
Which statement is incorrect regarding fatty acid intake for most individuals? -
ANSWER-Saturated fat intake should be emphasized over unsaturated fat intake
Which ingredient in foods like oatmeal and legumes keep you feeling full for long
periods of time, and why? - ANSWER-Fiber, because it takes longer to move from the
stomach into the small intestine
Peristalsis is important because, without it,: - ANSWER-food may not properly move
along the GI tract.
Nishika eats a bagel and fruit for breakfast before going to class. Her body does not use
all of the carbohydrates immediately, so where can they be stored? - ANSWER-Liver &
muscles
Don Jung was just diagnosed with anemia and, despite increasing her iron intake,
cannot seem to increase her iron levels in the body. What other dietary factors could be
causing her anemia? - ANSWER-inadequate vitamin C intake
What is the first sign of early or mild osteoporosis? - ANSWER-Osteoporosis does not
exhibit outward symptoms
Which of these individuals is most at risk for developing hyponatremia? - ANSWER-
Knuckles, who has been drinking high volumes of water throughout a marathon.
While he is studying, Finnick is eating a pastry that is high in fat content. What form is
the fat that he is eating and what form will the fat be stored as in his body? - ANSWER-
Triglycerides; triglycerides
In response to low blood calcium levels, vitamin D helps to increase blood calcium
levels by performing which of the following? - ANSWER-Vitamin D activates
osteoclasts, causing calcium to be released from bone and moved into the blood.
Vitamin E protects cell membranes by - ANSWER-Neutralizing free radicals present in
the cell membranes through electron donation.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (100%
ACCURATE)
Knut recently found out that he has high LDL cholesterol in his blood and has told you
that he is going to eat less LDL cholesterol in an effort to reduce his levels. How would
you respond to him? - ANSWER-We do not eat LDL cholesterol, just cholesterol, so
reducing LDL cholesterol intake is impossible. Eating more unsaturated fats is a prudent
way to reduce LDL cholesterol in the blood.
The purpose of the villi and microvilli in the intestine is to: - ANSWER-increase the
absorptive surface of the small intestine and move nutrients into the body.
Aurelia is 7 months pregnant and has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes. She is
doing her best to manage her symptoms but she is unaware if her gestational diabetes
can ever be cured. What would you tell Aurelia? - ANSWER-Once you give birth, this
will cause your diabetes to disappear, but you will be at a greater risk for type 2
diabetes in the future.
Carbohydrates and fats: - ANSWER-Are both used as energy sources by the body
Most nutrients are absorbed from the intestine into the circulatory system and are
routed to: - ANSWER-the liver, which then decides how to handle each nutrient and
sends them where needed.
Which of the following most accurately describes type 1 diabetes? - ANSWER-Type 1 is
an autoimmune condition in which the pancreas cannot make insulin, there by requiring
insulin treatment.
Louisa, who is overweight, has recently become pregnant. She has been feeling very
fatigued and needs to go to the bathroom in the middle of the night. Based on these
symptoms, what will her doctor likely test her for? - ANSWER-Gestational diabetes
Seiji wants to go on a low fat diet to lose weight and has decided to eliminate all dietary
fat sources from her diet. What could be the danger of choosing to eat this way? -
ANSWER-A low fat diet could inhibit the absorption of some essential nutrients into the
body
Lucy was told by her doctor that she needs to reduce the amount of cholesterol in her
diet. The reduction of which of the following foods will help lower Lucy's dietary
cholesterol levels? - ANSWER-Beef Lo Mein
,How does the body transport endogenous fats (fats that are made in the liver)? -
ANSWER-The liver packages endogenous fats into a VLDL for transport.
Masano has noticed lately that her 5 year-old son is drinking more water than usual and
is always tired. After going to the doctor, she finds out that he has also lost a bit of
weight. What could be causing these problems in her son? - ANSWER-Type 1
Diabetes, as his body is unable to absorb glucose to use as energy and he is excreting
the glucose in his urine
Ayushi has a cold and has decided to take vitamin C supplements to help boost her
immune system. Is this an effective treatment method? - ANSWER-No. Vitamin C is
water soluble therefore excess will be excreted in the urine.
Hung is interested in controlling his risk of developing CVD and decides to try the DASH
diet. Which of the following would be representative of the DASH diet
recommendations? - ANSWER-Increase consumption of fish while reducing red meat
intake.
Which pathway is the correct order for the process of fat digestion after the liver
produces bile? - ANSWER-Gallbladder stores bile, bile is released from gallbladder, bile
emulsifies the fat in the small intestine, enzymes break down the fat in the small
intestine, products of fat digestion are absorbed from the small intestine
Which of the following is not an effect that atherosclerosis has on the cardiovascular
system? - ANSWER-Plaque begins to build up and expands the artery walls, promoting
more blood flow
Based on the listed risk factors, which of the following individuals cannot modify their
risk for CVD? - ANSWER-Alfonso, whose maternal grandfather and uncle have both
had heart attacks
Consumption of which of the following fatty acids will have the most favorable effect on
blood cholesterol levels? - ANSWER-Monounsaturated
Ryuk has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following dietary
changes would be the most appropriate to help him manage his disease? - ANSWER-
Reduce total carbohydrate intake in an effort to demand less insulin production by the
pancreas.
Jafar recently suffered a heart attack and is changing his diet to reduce his risk of
having another one. Which type of fatty acids would you recommend that Jafar increase
in his diet and why? - ANSWER-Omega-3 fatty acids, as they can help reduce
inflammation and triglyceride levels in the blood.
What does it mean for a nutrient to be essential? - ANSWER-It must be eaten in the diet
,What information cannot be provided by a DEXA scan? - ANSWER-Hematocrit level
(%)
When a whole grain is processed, which part(s) of it are removed and what are the
effects of the processing? - ANSWER-Bran and germ; decrease in the grain's fiber and
micronutrient content
Deanna has gestational diabetes and has not managed it well, which puts her child at
risk for macrosomia. What is macrosomia and what is an associated risk? - ANSWER-
Delivering a large (in weight) baby; the child is at risk for being overweight later in life
Which of the following is the pathway that the majority of lipids follow for absorption into
the bloodstream? - ANSWER-Small intestine-micelle-intestinal wall-chylomicron-lymph-
bloodstream
Anastasia wants to start taking a multivitamin but is worried about an excess of certain
nutrients causing toxicity in her body. Which nutrient would be most likely to be toxic
when taken in excess amounts? - ANSWER-Vitamin A
Which of the following carbohydrates would not require any digestion in order to be
absorbed from the intestine into the body? - ANSWER-Fructose
Which accessory organ in the GI tract is incorrectly paired with its function? - ANSWER-
Liver; produces bicarbonate to neutralize chyme
Hypertension is considered a "silent killer" because: - ANSWER-it exhibits no outward
symptoms.
Vash is getting his fasting blood glucose level measured and he is hoping his blood
glucose is in the normal range. Which of the following blood glucose values fall into the
normal range? - ANSWER-85 mg/dl
Which of the following best explains the relationship between fiber and bile. - ANSWER-
Fiber binds to bile and both are excreted in the feces.
Andrew ate a slice of cheese pizza for lunch. Once it reaches his stomach, which
enzyme is acting on the food and what is its function? - ANSWER-Pepsin- breaks down
the proteins in the pizza
Constantina has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and was told by her
doctor to perform weekly foot checks as she began treatment. What is the purpose of
this? - ANSWER-Diabetes often results in poor circulation and damage to nerves
(numbness). Therefore, even a minor foot injury can progress to an ulcer, which often
requires hospitalization.
, What category will be added to nutrition facts labels on food packaging by July 2018 to
contribute to consumers' overall knowledge about packaged food? - ANSWER-Added
sugars
Kenneth adds table sugar to his coffee each morning. Which monosaccharides will he
eventually break the table sugar down to in his GI tract? - ANSWER-Glucose and
fructose
One form of carbohydrate is not digested or absorbed by humans but is fermented by
bacteria in the body. Which carbohydrate is this and in what location is it fermented? -
ANSWER-Fiber; Large Intestine
Which statement is incorrect regarding fatty acid intake for most individuals? -
ANSWER-Saturated fat intake should be emphasized over unsaturated fat intake
Which ingredient in foods like oatmeal and legumes keep you feeling full for long
periods of time, and why? - ANSWER-Fiber, because it takes longer to move from the
stomach into the small intestine
Peristalsis is important because, without it,: - ANSWER-food may not properly move
along the GI tract.
Nishika eats a bagel and fruit for breakfast before going to class. Her body does not use
all of the carbohydrates immediately, so where can they be stored? - ANSWER-Liver &
muscles
Don Jung was just diagnosed with anemia and, despite increasing her iron intake,
cannot seem to increase her iron levels in the body. What other dietary factors could be
causing her anemia? - ANSWER-inadequate vitamin C intake
What is the first sign of early or mild osteoporosis? - ANSWER-Osteoporosis does not
exhibit outward symptoms
Which of these individuals is most at risk for developing hyponatremia? - ANSWER-
Knuckles, who has been drinking high volumes of water throughout a marathon.
While he is studying, Finnick is eating a pastry that is high in fat content. What form is
the fat that he is eating and what form will the fat be stored as in his body? - ANSWER-
Triglycerides; triglycerides
In response to low blood calcium levels, vitamin D helps to increase blood calcium
levels by performing which of the following? - ANSWER-Vitamin D activates
osteoclasts, causing calcium to be released from bone and moved into the blood.
Vitamin E protects cell membranes by - ANSWER-Neutralizing free radicals present in
the cell membranes through electron donation.
