CSD 440 EXAM 2 REVIEW (LECTURES 11-16) 132
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED A+
What is a Milestone? Answer - For the CDC, it's a skill that by the designated
age, is demonstrated by 75% of children that age or younger
Example: 15 Months - 1 or 2 words besides mama/dada (that means that 75%
of children do this by 15 months)
Eligibility for B-3 Answer - - Delay of 25% or more in one area of development
OR a diagnosed long-term disability that impacts development
- For communication, the child must have a receptive language delay to be
eligible or demonstrate other risk factors for delay
Referral to B-3 Answer - - Delay or atypical development may be flagged for
further evaluation by pediatrician, childcare, etc.
- Parents or caregivers may have concerns
- Infants born with conditions associated with high-risk for developmental
delay may be referred at birth
Assessment for Kids Birth-3 Answer - - Often a mix of parent/caregiver report
and direct observation
- Expressive and receptive language
Potential Cause(s):
,- History of ear infections, illness, accidents, hospitalizations, diagnoses
- Birth Hx: gestational age at birth, prenatal care, birth complications, newborn
hearing screening, birth person age
- Family Hx
- Frustration with communication
- Trauma or major life changes
- Trajectory of development
- What does a typical day look like?
- Experiences
- Communication across environment and communication partners
- Play, gestures, sensory sensitivities/preferences
Common Assessments: Rossetti Infant-Toddler Language Scale (RITLS), Bayley
Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley), Developmental Assessment
of Young Children (DAYC), Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Mullen
Scales of Early Learning (Mullen Scales), Preschool Language Scales (PLS),
MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventory (MB-CDI)
Conveying Evaluation Results to Parents (Remember: Language Matters!)
Answer - - Avoid prognostic statements
- Avoid negative language ("I'm Sorry", "Unfortunately")
- Share the positives but don't withhold observations or concerns
- Don't use jargon
- Explain what you're testing and how the test works
- Clearly explain scores
- Check with your employer about their policy on diagnosis (we don't make
diagnosis in schools and we don't make diagnosis in B-3)
- Check for understanding and give time for questions
,Intervention Answer - - Children from 0-3 can receive intervention through
early intervention programs (often called Birth-3) and/or private clinics
- Intervention is typically parent mediated
- Often takes place in the home or the most natural environment
- Primary coach approach
Considerations for Early Intervention: Your Influence as the "First" Answer - As
a B-3 Provider, you often have the immense responsibility and privilege of
setting the tone for the rest of their path
- Your language matters
- What you do as an SLP sets the expectation going forward
- Families might rely on you as primary source of information
- Be careful not to overwhelm but also give them the information they need
Individual Family Services (IFSP) Answer - The IFSP = Birth-3 IEP
- IDEA
- Outlines current development, family concerns/observations/goals, and
assessment results
- Child Hx
- Eligibility information
- Service plan (primary coach, # of visits, and goals)
Transition Planning Conference (TPC) Answer - Transition Planning Conference
= TPC
- Meeting between representatives from the public school system, the b-3
team, and the family
- Discuss the child's overall development
, - Share progress, goals, and future directions
- Advocate for the child and the family
- Create an assessment plan to determine eligibility
Ratio = 2;6
Prematurity Answer - Preterm = Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
Late Preterm = Born between 34-36 weeks gestation
Very Preterm = Born before 32 weeks gestation
- 10.4% of live births in the US in 2022
- Rates of premature birth are higher for certain racial and ethnic groups (Black
= 14.6%; American Indian/Alaskan Native = 12.2%)
Prematurity & Language Delay Answer - - A large sibling study out of Norway
found that children born before 34 weeks gestation had increased risk of
language delay at age 3 and at age 5
- Babies born before 37 weeks had increased risk of delay at 1.5
- Typically, earlier birth = Higher Risk/Persistent delay but there are many
factors involved
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorders (FASDs) Answer - - Impacts approximately 1-
5% of first graders in the U.S.
- Learning, memory, behavior, emotions, mental health, occupational skills,
language, executive functioning, cognition
- Expressive and receptive language skills (trajectory looks different based on
environmental factors)
Includes: Parietal fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS), Alcohol-related
neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), Alcohol related birth defects (ARBD),
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED A+
What is a Milestone? Answer - For the CDC, it's a skill that by the designated
age, is demonstrated by 75% of children that age or younger
Example: 15 Months - 1 or 2 words besides mama/dada (that means that 75%
of children do this by 15 months)
Eligibility for B-3 Answer - - Delay of 25% or more in one area of development
OR a diagnosed long-term disability that impacts development
- For communication, the child must have a receptive language delay to be
eligible or demonstrate other risk factors for delay
Referral to B-3 Answer - - Delay or atypical development may be flagged for
further evaluation by pediatrician, childcare, etc.
- Parents or caregivers may have concerns
- Infants born with conditions associated with high-risk for developmental
delay may be referred at birth
Assessment for Kids Birth-3 Answer - - Often a mix of parent/caregiver report
and direct observation
- Expressive and receptive language
Potential Cause(s):
,- History of ear infections, illness, accidents, hospitalizations, diagnoses
- Birth Hx: gestational age at birth, prenatal care, birth complications, newborn
hearing screening, birth person age
- Family Hx
- Frustration with communication
- Trauma or major life changes
- Trajectory of development
- What does a typical day look like?
- Experiences
- Communication across environment and communication partners
- Play, gestures, sensory sensitivities/preferences
Common Assessments: Rossetti Infant-Toddler Language Scale (RITLS), Bayley
Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley), Developmental Assessment
of Young Children (DAYC), Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Mullen
Scales of Early Learning (Mullen Scales), Preschool Language Scales (PLS),
MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventory (MB-CDI)
Conveying Evaluation Results to Parents (Remember: Language Matters!)
Answer - - Avoid prognostic statements
- Avoid negative language ("I'm Sorry", "Unfortunately")
- Share the positives but don't withhold observations or concerns
- Don't use jargon
- Explain what you're testing and how the test works
- Clearly explain scores
- Check with your employer about their policy on diagnosis (we don't make
diagnosis in schools and we don't make diagnosis in B-3)
- Check for understanding and give time for questions
,Intervention Answer - - Children from 0-3 can receive intervention through
early intervention programs (often called Birth-3) and/or private clinics
- Intervention is typically parent mediated
- Often takes place in the home or the most natural environment
- Primary coach approach
Considerations for Early Intervention: Your Influence as the "First" Answer - As
a B-3 Provider, you often have the immense responsibility and privilege of
setting the tone for the rest of their path
- Your language matters
- What you do as an SLP sets the expectation going forward
- Families might rely on you as primary source of information
- Be careful not to overwhelm but also give them the information they need
Individual Family Services (IFSP) Answer - The IFSP = Birth-3 IEP
- IDEA
- Outlines current development, family concerns/observations/goals, and
assessment results
- Child Hx
- Eligibility information
- Service plan (primary coach, # of visits, and goals)
Transition Planning Conference (TPC) Answer - Transition Planning Conference
= TPC
- Meeting between representatives from the public school system, the b-3
team, and the family
- Discuss the child's overall development
, - Share progress, goals, and future directions
- Advocate for the child and the family
- Create an assessment plan to determine eligibility
Ratio = 2;6
Prematurity Answer - Preterm = Birth before 37 weeks gestational age
Late Preterm = Born between 34-36 weeks gestation
Very Preterm = Born before 32 weeks gestation
- 10.4% of live births in the US in 2022
- Rates of premature birth are higher for certain racial and ethnic groups (Black
= 14.6%; American Indian/Alaskan Native = 12.2%)
Prematurity & Language Delay Answer - - A large sibling study out of Norway
found that children born before 34 weeks gestation had increased risk of
language delay at age 3 and at age 5
- Babies born before 37 weeks had increased risk of delay at 1.5
- Typically, earlier birth = Higher Risk/Persistent delay but there are many
factors involved
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorders (FASDs) Answer - - Impacts approximately 1-
5% of first graders in the U.S.
- Learning, memory, behavior, emotions, mental health, occupational skills,
language, executive functioning, cognition
- Expressive and receptive language skills (trajectory looks different based on
environmental factors)
Includes: Parietal fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS), Alcohol-related
neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), Alcohol related birth defects (ARBD),
