Psychology 387 - Learning (Athabasca) - Final
Study Guide (1) COMPLETE EXAM Questions and
Answers (Verified Answers) (Latest Update 2025)
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E. L. Thorndike's studies of animal intelligence
learning started as an
attempt to understand
_______.
a. operant conditioning
b. the psychic reflex
c. animal intelligence
d. maze learning
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In one of Thorndike's treadle stepping increased because it had a
puzzle boxes, a door "satisfying effect"
would fall open when a
cat stepped on a treadle,
thus allowing the cat to
reach food outside the
box. Eventually the cat
would step on the treadle
as soon as it was put into
the box. Thorndike
concluded that ________.
a. the reasoning ability of
cats is quite remarkable
b. treadle stepping
increased because it had a
"satisfying effect"
c. the treadle is a CS for
stepping
d. learning meant
connecting the treadle
with freedom and food
Operant learning is Instrumental
sometimes called ________
learning.
a. free
b. higher-order
c. instrumental
d. reward
Operant learning may also Instrumental learning
be referred to as _______.
a. trial-and-error learning
b. effects learning
c. non-Pavlovian
conditioning
d. instrumental learning
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Mary's grandmother, the benefits she receives for not speaking English
Pearl, is from the Old
Country. Although she
knows some English, she
continues to speak her
native tongue. Pearl can't
go anywhere without a
member of the family
because she can't
communicate with people
about prices, directions,
bus routes, etc. Pearl's
resistance to learning
English is most likely the
result of ______.
a. a lack of intelligence
b. age. Studies show that
after the age of 60
learning a second
language is nearly
impossible.
c. the length of time she
has spent speaking her
native language
d. the benefits she
receives for not speaking
English
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Mary decides to try to positive reinforcement
modify Pearl's behavior
(see above item). She and
the rest of the family
refuse to respond to any
comment or request by
Pearl that they know she is
capable of expressing in
English. For example, if
during dinner she says,
"Pass the potatoes" in
English, she gets potatoes;
if she says it in her native
language she gets
ignored. The procedure
being used to change
Pearl's behavior is ______.
a. positive reinforcement
b. negative reinforcement
c. adventitious
reinforcement
d. punishment
. The number of operant four
procedures indicated in
the contingency square is
______.
a. two
b. four
c. six
d. nine
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