Test Bank for Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care – 6th Edition by Brian K. Walsh

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NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIRATOR
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Y CARE bj




5th Edition, Walsh
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TEST BANK b j

,NeonatalbjandbjPediatricbjRespiratorybjCare,bj5thbjEdition,bjBrianbjK.bjWalshbjTestbjBank

TablebjofbjContents
Chapterbj1.bjFetalbjLungbjDevelopment
Chapterbj2.bjFetalbjGasbjExchangebjandbjCirculation
Chapterbj3.bjAntenatalbjAssessmentbjandbjHigh-RiskbjDelivery
Chapterbj4.bjExaminationbjandbjAssessmentbjofbjthebjNeonatalbjandbjPediatricbjPatient
Chapterbj5.bjPulmonarybjFunctionbjTestingbjandbjBedsidebjPulmonarybjMechanics
Chapterbj6.bjRadiographicbjAssessment
Chapterbj7.bjPediatricbjFlexiblebjBronchoscopy
Chapterbj8.bjInvasivebjBloodbjGasbjAnalysisbjandbjCardiovascularbjMonitoring
Chapterbj9.bjNoninvasivebjMonitoringbjinbjNeonatalbjandbjPediatricbjCare
Chapterbj10.bjOxygenbjAdministration
Chapterbj11.bjAerosolsbjandbjAdministrationbjofbjInhaledbjMedications
Chapterbj12.bjAirwaybjClearancebjTechniquesbjandbjHyperinflationbjTherapy
Chapterbj13.bjAirwaybjManagement
Chapterbj14.bjSurfactantbjReplacementbjTherapy
Chapterbj15.bjNoninvasivebjMechanicalbjVentilationbjandbjContinuousbjPositivebjPressurebjofbjthebjNeonat
e
Chapterbj16.bjNoninvasivebjMechanicalbjVentilationbjofbjthebjInfantbjandbjChild
Chapterbj17.bjInvasivebjMechanicalbjVentilationbjofbjthebjNeonatebjandbjPediatricbjPatient
Chapterbj18.bjAdministrationbjofbjGasbjMixtures
Chapterbj19.bjExtracorporealbjMembranebjOxygenation
Chapterbj20.bjPharmacology
Chapterbj21.bjThoracicbjOrganbjTransplantation
Chapterbj22.bjNeonatalbjPulmonarybjDisorders
Chapterbj23.bjSurgicalbjDisordersbjinbjChildhoodbjthatbjAffectbjRespiratorybjCare
Chapterbj24.bjCongenitalbjCardiacbjDefects
Chapterbj25.bjPediatricbjSleep-DisorderedbjBreathing
Chapterbj26.bjPediatricbjAirwaybjDisordersbjandbjParenchymalbjLungbjDiseases
Chapterbj27.bjAsthma
Chapterbj28.bjCysticbjFibrosis
Chapterbj29.bjAcutebjRespiratorybjDistressbjSyndrome
Chapterbj30.bjShock
Chapterbj31.bjPediatricbjTrauma
Chapterbj32.bjDisordersbjofbjthebjPleura
Chapterbj33.bjNeurologicalbjandbjNeuromuscularbjDisorders
Chapterbj34.bjPediatricbjEmergencies
Chapterbj35.bjHomebjCarebjofbjthebjPostpartumbjFamily
Chapterbj36.bjQualitybjandbjSafety

,Chapterbj1:bjFetalbjLungbjDevelopment
Walsh:bjNeonatalbj&bjPediatricbjRespiratorybjCarebj5thbjEditionbjTestbjBankbj(2020)

MULTIPLEbjCHOICE

1. Whichbjofbjthebjfollowingbjphasesbjofbjhumanbjlungbjdevelopmentbjisbjcharacterizedbjbybjthebjformat
ionbjofbjabjcapillarybjnetworkbjaroundbjairwaybjpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:b j D
Thebjcanalicularbjphasebjfollowsbjthebjpseudoglandularbjphase,bjlastingbjfrombjapproximatelybj17bj
weeksbjtobj26bjweeksbjofbjgestation.bjThisbjphasebjisbjsobjnamedbjbecausebjofbjthebjappearancebjofbjvasc
ularbjchannels,bjorbjcapillaries,bjwhichbjbeginbjtobjgrowbjbybjformingbjabjcapillarybjnetworkbjaround
bjthebjairbjpassages.bjDuringbjthebjpseudoglandularbjstage,bjwhichbjbeginsbjatbjdaybj52bjandbjextends

bjtobjweekbj16bjofbjgestation,bjthebjairwaybjsystembjsubdividesbjextensivelybjandbjthebjconductingbja

irwaybjsystembjdevelops,bjendingbjwithbjthebjterminalbjbronchioles.bjThebjsaccularbjstagebjofbjdeve
lopment,bjwhichbjtakesbjplacebjfrombjweeksbj29bjtobj36bjofbjgestation,bjisbjcharacterizedbjbybjthebjdeve
lopmentbjofbjsacsbjthatbjlaterbjbecomebjalveoli.bjDuringbjthebjsaccularbjphase,bjabjtremendousbjincre
asebjinbjthebjpotentialbjgas-
bjexchangingbjsurfacebjareabjoccurs.bjThebjdistinctionbjbetweenbjthebjsaccularbjstagebjandbjthebjalve

olarbjstagebjisbjarbitrary.bjThebjalveolarbjstagebjstretchesbjfrombj39bjweeksbjofbjgestationbjtobjterm.bj
Thisbjstagebjisbjrepresentedbjbybjthebjestablishmentbjofbjalveoli.

REF:bjpp.b j 3-5

2. Regardingbjpostnatalbjlungbjgrowth,bjbybjapproximatelybjwhatbjagebjdobjmostbjofbjthebjalveolibjthatbj
willbjbebjpresentbjinbjthebjlungsbjforbjlifebjdevelop?
a. 6bjmonths
b. 1bjyear
c. 1.5bjyears
d. 2bjyears

ANS:b j C
Mostbjofbjthebjpostnatalbjformationbjofbjalveolibjinbjthebjinfantbjoccursbjoverbjthebjfirstbj1.5bjyearsbjofbj
life.bjAtbj2bjyearsbjofbjage,bjthebjnumberbjofbjalveolibjvariesbjsubstantiallybjamongbjindividuals.bjAfterbj
2bjyearsbjofbjage,bjmalesbjhavebjmorebjalveolibjthanbjdobjfemales.bjAfterbjalveolarbjmultiplicationbje
nds,bjthebjalveolibjcontinuebjtobjincreasebjinbjsizebjuntilbjthoracicbjgrowthbjisbjcompleted.

REF:bjp.bj6

3. Thebjrespiratorybjtherapistbjisbjevaluatingbjabjnewbornbjwithbjmildbjrespiratorybjdistressbjduebjtobjtrach
ealbjstenosis.bjDuringbjwhichbjperiodbjofbjlungbjdevelopmentbjdidbjthisbjproblembjdevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:b j A
Thebjinitialbjstructuresbjofbjthebjpulmonarybjtreebjdevelopbjduringbjthebjembryonalbjstage.bjErrorsbji
nbjdevelopmentbjduringbjthisbjtimebjmaybjresultbjinbjlaryngeal,bjtracheal,bjorbjesophagealbjatresiabjo
rbjstenosis.bjPulmonarybjhypoplasia,bjanbjincompletebjdevelopmentbjofbjthebjlungsbjcharacterizedbjbybj
anbjabnormallybjlowbjnumberbjand/orbjsizebjofbjbronchopulmonarybjsegmentsbjand/orbjalveoli,bjca
nbjdevelopbjduringbjthebjpseudoglandularbjphase.bjIfbjthebjfetusbjisbjbornbjduringbjthebjcanalicularbjp
hasebj(i.e.,bjprematurely),bjseverebjrespiratorybjdistressbjcanbjbebjexpectedbjbecausebjthebjinadequat
elybjdevelopedbjairways,bjalongbjwithbjinsufficientbjandbjimmaturebjsurfactantbjproductionbjbybjalv
eolarbjtypebjIIbjcells,bjgivesbjrisebjtobjthebjconstellationbjofbjproblemsbjknownbjasbjinfantbjrespirator
ybjdistressbjsyndrome.

REF:b j b j p.bj6

4. Whichbjofbjthebjfollowingbjmechanismsbjisbj(are)bjresponsiblebjforbjthebjpossiblebjassociationbjbetw
eenbjoligohydramniosbjandbjlungbjhypoplasia?

I. Abnormalbjcarbohydratebjmetabolism
II. Mechanicalbjrestrictionbjofbjthebjchestbjwall
III. Interferencebjwithbjfetalbjbreathing
IV. Failurebjtobjproducebjfetalbjlungbjliquid
a. IbjandbjIIIbjonly
b. IIbjandbj IIIbjonly
c. I,bjII,bjandbj IVbjonly
d. II,bjIII,bjandbjIVbjonly

ANS:b j D
Oligohydramnios,bjabjreducedbjquantitybjofbjamnioticbjfluidbjpresentbjforbjanbjextendedbjperiodbjofbjti
me,bjwithbjorbjwithoutbjrenalbjanomalies,bjisbjassociatedbjwithbjlungbjhypoplasia.bjThebjmechanisms
bjbybjwhichbjamnioticbjfluidbjvolumebjinfluencesbjlungbjgrowthbjremainbjunclear.bjPossiblebjexplanatio

nsbjforbjreducedbjquantitybjofbjamnioticbjfluidbjincludebjmechanicalbjrestrictionbjofbjthebjchestbjwall,bj
interferencebjwithbjfetalbjbreathing,bjorbjfailurebjtobjproducebjfetalbjlungbjliquid.bjThesebjclinicalbjan
dbjexperimentalbjobservationsbjpossiblybjpointbjtobjabjcommonbjdenominator,bjlungbjstretch,bjasbjbei
ngbjabjmajorbjgrowthbjstimulant.

REF:bjpp.bj6-7

5. Whatbjisbjthebjpurposebjofbjthebjsubstancebjsecretedbjbybjthebjtypebj IIbjpneumocyte?
a. Tobjincreasebjthebjgasbjexchangebjsurfacebjarea
b. Tobjreducebjsurfacebjtension
c. Tobjmaintainbjlungbjelasticity
d. Tobjpreservebjthebjvolumebjofbjthebjamnioticbjfluid