GALEN A&P 1 THEORY EXAM 2 LATEST UPDATE -2025/2026-
100+ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALL THE BEST
What do lipids (Cholesterol) do?
-Major component to the plasma membrane
-Adds stiffness to the membrane
Types of proteins found in cell membrane
Transmembrane proteins
--Channel Proteins
--Carrier Proteins
What do carbs do in the cell membrane?
Functions as lubricants, adhesives, receptors, and "self" recognitionGlycoproteins
Glycoproteins
-Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to proteins.
-CHO-Proteins
Glycolipids
-Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to lipids.
-CHO-Lipids
Cells
-Smallest functioning units of life
-Variety of shapes and sizes
Cytology
,Study of cells
Plasma membrane
-ALL have cell membrane
-Seperates the inside of the cell from the outside
Cell (plasma) membrane is made up of
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Carbohydrates
Cytoplasm
Material between the cell (plasma) membrane and the membrane surrounding
the nucleus
Cytoplasm contains
Cytosol and organelles
Types of organelles
Membranous
--Isolated from the cytosol
Non-Membranous
--Not isolated from the cytosol
Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape,
and aids in movement
Microfiliments and microtubules
support the cytoplasm and help move substances and organelles within the
cytoplasm
, intermediate filaments
Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as
microfilaments
Microvilli
projections that increase the cell's surface area
Where are microvilli found?
In places where absorption occurs
Cilia
Attached to the cell membrane
-Slender extensions of plasma membrane
Centrioles
-Slender shaped microtubules
-Moves DNA strand during cell division
Ribosomes
Make proteins
Free and fixed
Free Ribosome
Spread throughout the cytosol
fixed ribosomes
-Attached to the ER
-Makes proteins
Proteosomes
-Organelles containing proteolytic enzymes
100+ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALL THE BEST
What do lipids (Cholesterol) do?
-Major component to the plasma membrane
-Adds stiffness to the membrane
Types of proteins found in cell membrane
Transmembrane proteins
--Channel Proteins
--Carrier Proteins
What do carbs do in the cell membrane?
Functions as lubricants, adhesives, receptors, and "self" recognitionGlycoproteins
Glycoproteins
-Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to proteins.
-CHO-Proteins
Glycolipids
-Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to lipids.
-CHO-Lipids
Cells
-Smallest functioning units of life
-Variety of shapes and sizes
Cytology
,Study of cells
Plasma membrane
-ALL have cell membrane
-Seperates the inside of the cell from the outside
Cell (plasma) membrane is made up of
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Carbohydrates
Cytoplasm
Material between the cell (plasma) membrane and the membrane surrounding
the nucleus
Cytoplasm contains
Cytosol and organelles
Types of organelles
Membranous
--Isolated from the cytosol
Non-Membranous
--Not isolated from the cytosol
Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape,
and aids in movement
Microfiliments and microtubules
support the cytoplasm and help move substances and organelles within the
cytoplasm
, intermediate filaments
Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as
microfilaments
Microvilli
projections that increase the cell's surface area
Where are microvilli found?
In places where absorption occurs
Cilia
Attached to the cell membrane
-Slender extensions of plasma membrane
Centrioles
-Slender shaped microtubules
-Moves DNA strand during cell division
Ribosomes
Make proteins
Free and fixed
Free Ribosome
Spread throughout the cytosol
fixed ribosomes
-Attached to the ER
-Makes proteins
Proteosomes
-Organelles containing proteolytic enzymes
