The Nutrients
• Nutrients : are chemical components of food that an
organism needs to live and grow or a substance used
in an organism's metabolism which may be taken in
from its environment.
The Six Classes of Nutrients
• Carbohydrates
• Fat
• Protein
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water DCM 112
, NUTRIENTS
Types of nutrients:
• Macronutrients
• micronutrients
Macronutrients : Nutrients needed in large
quantities
-provide bulk energy, include:
• carbohydrates: 1g gives 4cals
• Proteins: 1g gives 4cals
• fats: 1g gives 9cals
DCM 112
, Cont’
• The four main types of atoms found in nutrients
are hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen(N), and
carbon (C).
• Each atom can form a certain number of chemical
bonds with other atoms:
Carbon atoms, four
Nitrogen atoms, three
Oxygen atoms, two
Hydrogen atoms, only one
DCM 112
, Carbohydrates
The dietary carbohydrate family includes:
• Monosaccharides: single sugars
• Disaccharides: sugars composed of pairs of
monosaccharides
• Polysaccharides: large molecules composed of chains of
monosaccharides
DCM 112
• Nutrients : are chemical components of food that an
organism needs to live and grow or a substance used
in an organism's metabolism which may be taken in
from its environment.
The Six Classes of Nutrients
• Carbohydrates
• Fat
• Protein
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water DCM 112
, NUTRIENTS
Types of nutrients:
• Macronutrients
• micronutrients
Macronutrients : Nutrients needed in large
quantities
-provide bulk energy, include:
• carbohydrates: 1g gives 4cals
• Proteins: 1g gives 4cals
• fats: 1g gives 9cals
DCM 112
, Cont’
• The four main types of atoms found in nutrients
are hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen(N), and
carbon (C).
• Each atom can form a certain number of chemical
bonds with other atoms:
Carbon atoms, four
Nitrogen atoms, three
Oxygen atoms, two
Hydrogen atoms, only one
DCM 112
, Carbohydrates
The dietary carbohydrate family includes:
• Monosaccharides: single sugars
• Disaccharides: sugars composed of pairs of
monosaccharides
• Polysaccharides: large molecules composed of chains of
monosaccharides
DCM 112
