BIOD 121 Module 2 |Verified Questions And Answers|2025 Edition
Diverticulosis: - correct answer ✅a condition that develops as we age. Small pouches push out through
weak spots in the colon, but it causes no problems in the majority of people. Major cause is a low fiber
diet, which causes straining when passing stools.
lactose intolerance: - correct answer ✅The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose, but
most individuals with this condition can tolerate dairy insmall amounts
diabetes - correct answer ✅a disease caused by hormone imbalance. There are 2 types: Type 1 and
Type 2. In both cases the blood sugar levels are high and there is a lack of insulin.
Digestion - correct answer ✅process of transforming food into basic nutrients that can be absorbed and
used by the body
Enzymes, acid, bile, and mucus - correct answer ✅chemical means the body has at its disposal to further
aid in breaking down food
Without the process, the nutrients we initially consume in food would be useless: - correct answer
✅digestion
Before food even enters the mouth, a cascade of events involving the nervous system and a variety of
hormones are set off based on a variety of stimulus: - correct answer ✅cognition, sound, odor,
appearance, and taste
,cognition - correct answer ✅thoughts about food can start the flow of saliva
sound - correct answer ✅hearing a description of the meal
odor - correct answer ✅smells stimulate a hunger response and influence its taste
appearance - correct answer ✅seeing the food
taste - correct answer ✅begins as the food enters your mouth and also how it
feels
Once food enters the mouth it begins to break down into smaller units in both - correct answer
✅mechanical and chemical processes
Mechanical process begins - correct answer ✅in the mouth with chewing
peristalsis - correct answer ✅involuntary muscle contractions are used to move food mixtures along the
tract
, enzymes - correct answer ✅proteins that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions. They catalyze the
chemical reactions required to break down food particles into smaller parts, which prepares the
nutrients for absorption
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - correct answer ✅a long hollow tube consisting of several layers of tissue that
begins with the mouth and ends at the anus
nutrient absorption occurs across the wall of the - correct answer
✅gastrointestinal (GI) tract
mucosa (intestinal wall) - correct answer ✅is the inner-most layer, and it is made of absorption cells and
glands
circular and longitudinal muscles - correct answer ✅comprise the outer layers, both of which function
to mix and move food along the GI tract
Circular bands of muscle - correct answer ✅most often found where one part of the tract connects to
another, serving as valves to control the flow of the food particles
3 processes the body can use to move nutrients from the GI tract into the blood/lymph system and
eventually into the cells: - correct answer ✅Passive diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, and Active transport
Diverticulosis: - correct answer ✅a condition that develops as we age. Small pouches push out through
weak spots in the colon, but it causes no problems in the majority of people. Major cause is a low fiber
diet, which causes straining when passing stools.
lactose intolerance: - correct answer ✅The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose, but
most individuals with this condition can tolerate dairy insmall amounts
diabetes - correct answer ✅a disease caused by hormone imbalance. There are 2 types: Type 1 and
Type 2. In both cases the blood sugar levels are high and there is a lack of insulin.
Digestion - correct answer ✅process of transforming food into basic nutrients that can be absorbed and
used by the body
Enzymes, acid, bile, and mucus - correct answer ✅chemical means the body has at its disposal to further
aid in breaking down food
Without the process, the nutrients we initially consume in food would be useless: - correct answer
✅digestion
Before food even enters the mouth, a cascade of events involving the nervous system and a variety of
hormones are set off based on a variety of stimulus: - correct answer ✅cognition, sound, odor,
appearance, and taste
,cognition - correct answer ✅thoughts about food can start the flow of saliva
sound - correct answer ✅hearing a description of the meal
odor - correct answer ✅smells stimulate a hunger response and influence its taste
appearance - correct answer ✅seeing the food
taste - correct answer ✅begins as the food enters your mouth and also how it
feels
Once food enters the mouth it begins to break down into smaller units in both - correct answer
✅mechanical and chemical processes
Mechanical process begins - correct answer ✅in the mouth with chewing
peristalsis - correct answer ✅involuntary muscle contractions are used to move food mixtures along the
tract
, enzymes - correct answer ✅proteins that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions. They catalyze the
chemical reactions required to break down food particles into smaller parts, which prepares the
nutrients for absorption
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - correct answer ✅a long hollow tube consisting of several layers of tissue that
begins with the mouth and ends at the anus
nutrient absorption occurs across the wall of the - correct answer
✅gastrointestinal (GI) tract
mucosa (intestinal wall) - correct answer ✅is the inner-most layer, and it is made of absorption cells and
glands
circular and longitudinal muscles - correct answer ✅comprise the outer layers, both of which function
to mix and move food along the GI tract
Circular bands of muscle - correct answer ✅most often found where one part of the tract connects to
another, serving as valves to control the flow of the food particles
3 processes the body can use to move nutrients from the GI tract into the blood/lymph system and
eventually into the cells: - correct answer ✅Passive diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, and Active transport
