Neuroanatomy Exam 4 Questions and
Verified Answers, 100- Score
Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025).
____ are innervated by parasympathetic neurons to constrict the pupil
___ are innervated by sympathetic neurons to dilate the pupil
-Case
-A 65 year old woman with small left pupil and ptosis of the left eyelid. She was in a motor vehicle
accident 2 days prior to presentation. Since then she has had left neck pain. What does she have? -
CORRECT ANSWERS -circular (sphincter) fibers
-radial fibers
-Horner's from carotid artery dissection
-visual acuity is highest in the ___
-when bright light is shone on the eye, it will automatically constrict. This is the __, which is an
important test of brainstem function. Furthermore, the pupil will dilate if a person sees an ____.
-the __ specifically the parasympethetic part coming from the ___ nucleus, terminates on the circular __
muscle. when this muscle contracts, it reduces the size of the pupil. - CORRECT ANSWERS -
macula
-pupillary reflex; object of interest
-oculomotor nerve; Edinger-Westphal; iris sphincter
-The iris contains two groups of smooth muscles; a circular group called the __ and a radial group called
the ___. When they contract, the iris decreases or constricts the size of the pupil. These muscles are
sometimes referred to as intrinsic eye muscles.
-certain drugs cause constriction of the pupils such as ____. Other drugs such as ____ cause pupil
dilation. Another term for the constriction of the pupil is ____. Substances that cause miosis are
described as ____. The pupil opens wide when dark and small when light. - CORRECT ANSWERS
-sphincter pupillae; dilator pupillae
,-alcohol and opiates; atrophine and amphetamines; miosis; miotic
Visual Pathways
-macular vision is most ___
-peripheral vision is most __
-inferior visual field goes to ___
-superior visual field goes to ___
-left superior visual field goes to ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS -posterior
-anterior
-calcarine gyrus
-lingual gyrus
-bottom of visual cortex (inferior retina)
Visual pathway lesions
-superior quadrantanopia involves ___
-inferior quadrantanopia involves the ___
Visual pathways
-parvocellular: __ dorsal layers, __ cells
-magnocellular: __ ventral layers, __ cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -Myer's loop(temporal optic
radiation)
-parietal optic radiation
-four; small (can see fine details)
-two; large (bigger, can see movement)
Two visual pathways: what is the __, and the where is the ___
Visual Pathways
, -______: M cells---> magnocellular layers ---> layer 4Ca---> layer 4B----> think stripe---> dorsolateral
parietotemporal cortex
-____: P cells---> parvocellular layers---> layers 4B---> layer 2,3 interblobs---> pale interstripe---> inferior
occipitotemporal cortex
-___: P cells---> parvocellular and intralaminar regions---> layers 4CB---> layer 2,3 blobs---> thin stripe---
> inferior occipitotemporal cortex - CORRECT ANSWERS -ventral; dorsal
-motion/spatial analysis
-form
-color
Ocular dominance columns are stripe shaped regions of the ___ that lie perpendicular to the orientation
columns. Different species have somewhat different ___.
The columns are innervated from the ____ into ____ and have mostly ____ to many other parts of the
visual cortex. - CORRECT ANSWERS -primary visual cortex; different morphologies and levels of
organization
-lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN); cortical layer 4; reciprocal projection
Visual Field Disorders
-if monocular must be __ to optic chiasm
-if hemifield must be __ to chiasm
-if quadrant must involve either the ___
-if bitemporal must be at ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS -anterior
-posterior
-temporal lobe or parietal lobe
-chiasm
Case
Verified Answers, 100- Score
Guarantee Pass (Latest 2025).
____ are innervated by parasympathetic neurons to constrict the pupil
___ are innervated by sympathetic neurons to dilate the pupil
-Case
-A 65 year old woman with small left pupil and ptosis of the left eyelid. She was in a motor vehicle
accident 2 days prior to presentation. Since then she has had left neck pain. What does she have? -
CORRECT ANSWERS -circular (sphincter) fibers
-radial fibers
-Horner's from carotid artery dissection
-visual acuity is highest in the ___
-when bright light is shone on the eye, it will automatically constrict. This is the __, which is an
important test of brainstem function. Furthermore, the pupil will dilate if a person sees an ____.
-the __ specifically the parasympethetic part coming from the ___ nucleus, terminates on the circular __
muscle. when this muscle contracts, it reduces the size of the pupil. - CORRECT ANSWERS -
macula
-pupillary reflex; object of interest
-oculomotor nerve; Edinger-Westphal; iris sphincter
-The iris contains two groups of smooth muscles; a circular group called the __ and a radial group called
the ___. When they contract, the iris decreases or constricts the size of the pupil. These muscles are
sometimes referred to as intrinsic eye muscles.
-certain drugs cause constriction of the pupils such as ____. Other drugs such as ____ cause pupil
dilation. Another term for the constriction of the pupil is ____. Substances that cause miosis are
described as ____. The pupil opens wide when dark and small when light. - CORRECT ANSWERS
-sphincter pupillae; dilator pupillae
,-alcohol and opiates; atrophine and amphetamines; miosis; miotic
Visual Pathways
-macular vision is most ___
-peripheral vision is most __
-inferior visual field goes to ___
-superior visual field goes to ___
-left superior visual field goes to ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS -posterior
-anterior
-calcarine gyrus
-lingual gyrus
-bottom of visual cortex (inferior retina)
Visual pathway lesions
-superior quadrantanopia involves ___
-inferior quadrantanopia involves the ___
Visual pathways
-parvocellular: __ dorsal layers, __ cells
-magnocellular: __ ventral layers, __ cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -Myer's loop(temporal optic
radiation)
-parietal optic radiation
-four; small (can see fine details)
-two; large (bigger, can see movement)
Two visual pathways: what is the __, and the where is the ___
Visual Pathways
, -______: M cells---> magnocellular layers ---> layer 4Ca---> layer 4B----> think stripe---> dorsolateral
parietotemporal cortex
-____: P cells---> parvocellular layers---> layers 4B---> layer 2,3 interblobs---> pale interstripe---> inferior
occipitotemporal cortex
-___: P cells---> parvocellular and intralaminar regions---> layers 4CB---> layer 2,3 blobs---> thin stripe---
> inferior occipitotemporal cortex - CORRECT ANSWERS -ventral; dorsal
-motion/spatial analysis
-form
-color
Ocular dominance columns are stripe shaped regions of the ___ that lie perpendicular to the orientation
columns. Different species have somewhat different ___.
The columns are innervated from the ____ into ____ and have mostly ____ to many other parts of the
visual cortex. - CORRECT ANSWERS -primary visual cortex; different morphologies and levels of
organization
-lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN); cortical layer 4; reciprocal projection
Visual Field Disorders
-if monocular must be __ to optic chiasm
-if hemifield must be __ to chiasm
-if quadrant must involve either the ___
-if bitemporal must be at ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS -anterior
-posterior
-temporal lobe or parietal lobe
-chiasm
Case
