NM 701 Exam 3 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
Informed consent re: contraception - Answers BRAIDED
*B*enefits
*R*isks
*A*lternatives
*I*nquires - right and responsibility
*D*ecision to stop without penalty
*E*xplanation in understandable format
*D*ocumentation of understanding
US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (CDC/WHO) - Answers OK to use
1. condition with no restrictions for use
2. condition where benefits outweigh risks for use
Not OK to use
3. condition where risks outweigh benefits (maybe in consultation with specialist)
4. condition with unacceptable risks for use (do NOT prescribe)
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to stop sperm and eggs from meeting - Answers male
and female sterilization
abstinence
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to prevent sperm from entering vagina? - Answers pull-
out
condoms
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to attack sperm and reduce motility? - Answers
Chemical barriers/spermicides
Copper IUD is spermicidal
Which contraceptives have primary MOA is to provide barrier to cervix so sperm cannot enter? -
Answers cervical cap, diaphragm, sponge
,Progestin-only pills and hormonal IUD thicken cervical mucus
Which contraceptives have primary MOA is to prevent ovulation? - Answers -lactational
amenorrhea
-CHCs
-Progestin implant
-ECP
First rubber condom produced? - Answers 1855
When was birth control illegal - Answers Comstock Act
1873 to 1938
US public policies allowing sterilization of "unwilling and unwitting" people - Answers 1907 to
1929 these laws were coming in
The rise of Margaret Sanger! - Answers 1914 - coins "birth control"
1916 - open first birth control clinic, arrested immediately
1918 - birth control limitation deemed unconstitutional
1921 - founds American Birth Control League
Diaphragms become popular - Answers 1938
Enovid - first contraceptive pill, is approved by the FDA - Answers 1960
IUDs are approved - Answers 1968, come off the market starting in 1974 for safety concerns
1980s ParaGard is approved
Title X passes Congress and does what? - Answers 1970
provides low income individuals with family planning services
LARC - Norplant and Depo Provera hit the streets - Answers 1991, 1992
,2002 - Norplant off the market for safety concerns
Emergency contraception Plan B is available OTC - Answers 2006 to those 18+ years
2013 to those <18 years
Which contraceptives can impede implantation by primary or secondary MOA? - Answers IUDs
(irritate endometrium)
CHC (degenerate CL)
ECP
Depo and implant (secondary)
Advantages of abstinence - Answers -free!
-positive self-image when congruent with values
-lower risk of cervical cx r/t no HPV exposure
-reduced risk of STIs
Disadvantages of abstinence - Answers -may be hard to maintain, esp with the addition of
substance use
-may not have backup plan for contraception if abrupt decision to end abstinence
-can lead to relationship strain or violence
Teaching re: abstinence - Answers -masturbation and "outercourse"
-consent
-mutual agreement in relationship
-having condoms or EC on hand just in case
-can transition between periods of abstinence and not
Complications associated with abstinence - Answers -nothing medical
-situations where partner is not willing and may rape or be violent in other ways
, MOA for lactational amenorrhea - Answers Suckling causes surge of *prolactin*, which
*suppresses ovulation*
May inhibit implantation if ovulation/conception occurs
Advantages of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -speeds involution of uterus
-reduce risk of breast/ovarian/endometrial cx
Disadvantages of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -unpredictable return of ovulation (can
precede menses)
-hypoestrogenism may cause vaginal atrophy
-no protection from STIs, HIV
-possible social and sexual discomforts
Efficacy of lactational amenorrhea - Answers Fairly effective in the beginning
wanes considerably by 6 months
Teaching with lactational amenorrhea - Answers Must meet these conditions:
-at least 90% of baby's nutrients must be from breastfeeding
-completely amenorrhoeic
-infant is <6 months
use of EC ok any time while breastfeeding
Complications of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -risk of mastitis
-ovulation before bleeding
MOA of coitus interruptus - Answers no or very few sperm enter the vagina
Effectiveness of coitus interruptus - Answers Tier 3
Advantages of coitus interruptus - Answers -free!
-readily available
Informed consent re: contraception - Answers BRAIDED
*B*enefits
*R*isks
*A*lternatives
*I*nquires - right and responsibility
*D*ecision to stop without penalty
*E*xplanation in understandable format
*D*ocumentation of understanding
US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (CDC/WHO) - Answers OK to use
1. condition with no restrictions for use
2. condition where benefits outweigh risks for use
Not OK to use
3. condition where risks outweigh benefits (maybe in consultation with specialist)
4. condition with unacceptable risks for use (do NOT prescribe)
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to stop sperm and eggs from meeting - Answers male
and female sterilization
abstinence
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to prevent sperm from entering vagina? - Answers pull-
out
condoms
Which contraceptives have primary MOA to attack sperm and reduce motility? - Answers
Chemical barriers/spermicides
Copper IUD is spermicidal
Which contraceptives have primary MOA is to provide barrier to cervix so sperm cannot enter? -
Answers cervical cap, diaphragm, sponge
,Progestin-only pills and hormonal IUD thicken cervical mucus
Which contraceptives have primary MOA is to prevent ovulation? - Answers -lactational
amenorrhea
-CHCs
-Progestin implant
-ECP
First rubber condom produced? - Answers 1855
When was birth control illegal - Answers Comstock Act
1873 to 1938
US public policies allowing sterilization of "unwilling and unwitting" people - Answers 1907 to
1929 these laws were coming in
The rise of Margaret Sanger! - Answers 1914 - coins "birth control"
1916 - open first birth control clinic, arrested immediately
1918 - birth control limitation deemed unconstitutional
1921 - founds American Birth Control League
Diaphragms become popular - Answers 1938
Enovid - first contraceptive pill, is approved by the FDA - Answers 1960
IUDs are approved - Answers 1968, come off the market starting in 1974 for safety concerns
1980s ParaGard is approved
Title X passes Congress and does what? - Answers 1970
provides low income individuals with family planning services
LARC - Norplant and Depo Provera hit the streets - Answers 1991, 1992
,2002 - Norplant off the market for safety concerns
Emergency contraception Plan B is available OTC - Answers 2006 to those 18+ years
2013 to those <18 years
Which contraceptives can impede implantation by primary or secondary MOA? - Answers IUDs
(irritate endometrium)
CHC (degenerate CL)
ECP
Depo and implant (secondary)
Advantages of abstinence - Answers -free!
-positive self-image when congruent with values
-lower risk of cervical cx r/t no HPV exposure
-reduced risk of STIs
Disadvantages of abstinence - Answers -may be hard to maintain, esp with the addition of
substance use
-may not have backup plan for contraception if abrupt decision to end abstinence
-can lead to relationship strain or violence
Teaching re: abstinence - Answers -masturbation and "outercourse"
-consent
-mutual agreement in relationship
-having condoms or EC on hand just in case
-can transition between periods of abstinence and not
Complications associated with abstinence - Answers -nothing medical
-situations where partner is not willing and may rape or be violent in other ways
, MOA for lactational amenorrhea - Answers Suckling causes surge of *prolactin*, which
*suppresses ovulation*
May inhibit implantation if ovulation/conception occurs
Advantages of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -speeds involution of uterus
-reduce risk of breast/ovarian/endometrial cx
Disadvantages of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -unpredictable return of ovulation (can
precede menses)
-hypoestrogenism may cause vaginal atrophy
-no protection from STIs, HIV
-possible social and sexual discomforts
Efficacy of lactational amenorrhea - Answers Fairly effective in the beginning
wanes considerably by 6 months
Teaching with lactational amenorrhea - Answers Must meet these conditions:
-at least 90% of baby's nutrients must be from breastfeeding
-completely amenorrhoeic
-infant is <6 months
use of EC ok any time while breastfeeding
Complications of lactational amenorrhea - Answers -risk of mastitis
-ovulation before bleeding
MOA of coitus interruptus - Answers no or very few sperm enter the vagina
Effectiveness of coitus interruptus - Answers Tier 3
Advantages of coitus interruptus - Answers -free!
-readily available
