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parietal pleura lines the thoracic cavity
The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by dittusion
Oxygenation
from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs.
Definition: usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright, hy-
perventilation, progressive signs and symptoms of alka-
losis, (light headedness dizziness, numbness, feeling of
Hyperventilation syndrome
tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms, tetany,
seizures, loss of consciousness
Treatment: Oxygen/ decreasing anxiety
Definition: An acute spasm of the bronchioles that are
associated with excess mucus
Asthma Signs and Symptoms: Wheezing, Blocked airways (some-
times), Cyanosis/respiratory arrest, High RR/HR
Treatment: Albuterol, inhaler (MDI), O2
Definition: Damaged or ruptured alveoli that reduces sur-
face area for gas exchange.
Emphysema S/S: Cough, Rapid breathing, Shortness of breath, Wheez-
ing, Sharp chest pain, High BP, HR, RR
Treatment: prescribed meds, O2
bronchitis inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Definition: An abnormal accumulation of air in the pleural
space that can result in the partial or complete collapse of
a lung.
spontaneous pneumothorax Cause: Usually by some hole in the lung that lets air into
sac.
S/S: One sides chest rise, High RR, HR, sharp chest pain
Treatment: O2, semi/high fowlers
Definition: a pneumothorax with rapid accumulation of
air in the pleural space causing severely high intrapleural
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pressures with resultant tension on the heart and great
vessels. Spreads to other lung.
tension pneumothorax
S/S: same, tracheal deviation,
Treatment: Same
Indicates Pericardial Tamponade:
Hypotension
Beck's Tried
Muffled heart sound
Diatended neck veins
Signs of increased intracranial pressure:
1. hypertension
Cushing's triad
2. bradycardia
3. irregular respirations
falling BP (systolic <90 in adult)
labored or irregular breathing
ashen, mottled, cyanotic skin
Decompensated Shock S/S
thready or absent peripheral pulses
dull eyes, dilated pupils
poor urinary output
Definition: hardening of the arteries
S/S: Angina, Tightness, Chest pain, Heart attack systems,
Atherosclerosis
High BP
Treatment: Nitro, Aspirin, O2
Definition: the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries
caused by plaque buildup (heart attack)
S/S: Chest pain, Nausea, vomiting,, lightheadedness, Jaw,
myocardial infarction
neck or back pain, Radiates down left arm, Discomfort or
pain in the shoulder, shortness of breath
Treatment: Aspirin, Nitroglycerin, O2
drug given for acute attacks of angina. increases coronary
Nytroglycerin
blood flow and lowers blood pressure