BI 121 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
✔✔products - ✔✔chemicals produced by a reaction
✔✔synthesis - ✔✔production of a more complex molecule than either of the reactants.
occurs during anabolic physiological processes
✔✔Decomposition - ✔✔product is a less complex molecule than either reactant. occurs
during catabolic physiological processes
✔✔exchange - ✔✔parts of 2 different molecules exchange position
(acid and base reacting to produce salt and water)
✔✔reversible reaction - ✔✔products can change back to the reactions vise versa
✔✔catalyst - ✔✔molecule that increases the rate of the reactions but are not consumed
by it
✔✔electrolytes - ✔✔substances that release ions in water
✔✔acid - ✔✔electrolytes that releases h+ ions
✔✔base - ✔✔electrolytes that accepts h+ ions
✔✔salt - ✔✔electrolyte formed by the reaction of a acid and base
✔✔buffer - ✔✔substance that resists changes in ph by accepting or donating H+ ions
✔✔ph scale - ✔✔measurement of the h+ ion: OH concentration
✔✔organic molecules - ✔✔compounds w C and H that are synthesized by cells
✔✔isomers - ✔✔compounds with identical formulas but different structures and different
reactants
✔✔monomers - ✔✔a single chemical unit
(molecule, nucleotide, glucose, amino acid)
✔✔polymer - ✔✔a long chain of identical or very similar monomers
( proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids)
✔✔Dehydration stnthesis - ✔✔bonding monomers together to form polymers by
removing h20 from a bond
, (starch formation)
✔✔hydrosis decomposition - ✔✔braking polymers into monomers by adding h2o to a
bond
(digestion)
✔✔carbohydrates - ✔✔composed of saccharide(sugar) monomers. contain CHO ( ratio
1:2:1)
(sugar, starch. cellulose)
✔✔Monosaccharides - ✔✔1 monomer
(glucose, fructose)
✔✔Diaccharides - ✔✔2 monomers
(sucrose, maltose)
✔✔polysaccharide - ✔✔>3 monomers
(starch, cellulose(fiber), glycogen
✔✔lipid - ✔✔non polar molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen in a 1:2 ratio (fats,
oils, wax, serious)
LIPIDS R NOT POLYMERS
✔✔fatty acid - ✔✔long C-H chains with carboxylic acid head
✔✔saturated fatty acid - ✔✔all C bonded with maximum # of H
(animal fats and tropical oils)
✔✔unsaturated fatty acids - ✔✔maximum number of H not bonded to C
(plant oils, animal omega 3 oils)
✔✔glycerides - ✔✔fatty acids attached to a glycerol
monoglyceride- glyceride+1 fatty acid
diglyceride- glyceride + 2 fatty acids
triglycerides- glyceride +3 fatty acids
✔✔steroids - ✔✔four ringed lipids
(cholesterol, sex hormones)
✔✔phospholipid - ✔✔diaglyceride attached to a non lipid group and a phosphate group
(cell membranes)
✔✔glycolipid - ✔✔diglyceride attached to a CHO non lipid group
A+
✔✔products - ✔✔chemicals produced by a reaction
✔✔synthesis - ✔✔production of a more complex molecule than either of the reactants.
occurs during anabolic physiological processes
✔✔Decomposition - ✔✔product is a less complex molecule than either reactant. occurs
during catabolic physiological processes
✔✔exchange - ✔✔parts of 2 different molecules exchange position
(acid and base reacting to produce salt and water)
✔✔reversible reaction - ✔✔products can change back to the reactions vise versa
✔✔catalyst - ✔✔molecule that increases the rate of the reactions but are not consumed
by it
✔✔electrolytes - ✔✔substances that release ions in water
✔✔acid - ✔✔electrolytes that releases h+ ions
✔✔base - ✔✔electrolytes that accepts h+ ions
✔✔salt - ✔✔electrolyte formed by the reaction of a acid and base
✔✔buffer - ✔✔substance that resists changes in ph by accepting or donating H+ ions
✔✔ph scale - ✔✔measurement of the h+ ion: OH concentration
✔✔organic molecules - ✔✔compounds w C and H that are synthesized by cells
✔✔isomers - ✔✔compounds with identical formulas but different structures and different
reactants
✔✔monomers - ✔✔a single chemical unit
(molecule, nucleotide, glucose, amino acid)
✔✔polymer - ✔✔a long chain of identical or very similar monomers
( proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids)
✔✔Dehydration stnthesis - ✔✔bonding monomers together to form polymers by
removing h20 from a bond
, (starch formation)
✔✔hydrosis decomposition - ✔✔braking polymers into monomers by adding h2o to a
bond
(digestion)
✔✔carbohydrates - ✔✔composed of saccharide(sugar) monomers. contain CHO ( ratio
1:2:1)
(sugar, starch. cellulose)
✔✔Monosaccharides - ✔✔1 monomer
(glucose, fructose)
✔✔Diaccharides - ✔✔2 monomers
(sucrose, maltose)
✔✔polysaccharide - ✔✔>3 monomers
(starch, cellulose(fiber), glycogen
✔✔lipid - ✔✔non polar molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen in a 1:2 ratio (fats,
oils, wax, serious)
LIPIDS R NOT POLYMERS
✔✔fatty acid - ✔✔long C-H chains with carboxylic acid head
✔✔saturated fatty acid - ✔✔all C bonded with maximum # of H
(animal fats and tropical oils)
✔✔unsaturated fatty acids - ✔✔maximum number of H not bonded to C
(plant oils, animal omega 3 oils)
✔✔glycerides - ✔✔fatty acids attached to a glycerol
monoglyceride- glyceride+1 fatty acid
diglyceride- glyceride + 2 fatty acids
triglycerides- glyceride +3 fatty acids
✔✔steroids - ✔✔four ringed lipids
(cholesterol, sex hormones)
✔✔phospholipid - ✔✔diaglyceride attached to a non lipid group and a phosphate group
(cell membranes)
✔✔glycolipid - ✔✔diglyceride attached to a CHO non lipid group
