ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
Ch. 1 #1 A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is
assessing the client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the
patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom rather
than a sign?
A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
bilaterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. - Correct Answer-Ans: B
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health
problem, such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to
breath sounds, and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of
disease.
Ch. 1 #2 Which of the following situations would be classified as a complication of
a disease or outcome from the treatment regimen? Select all that apply.
A) Massive pulmonary emboli following diagnosis of new-onset atrial fibrillation
B) Burning, intense incision pain following surgery to remove a portion of colon
due to intestinal aganglionosis
C) Development of pulmonary fibrosis following treatment with bleomycin, an
antibiotic chemotherapy agent used in treatment of lymphoma
1|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
D) Gradual deterioration in ability to walk unassisted for a patient diagnosed with
Parkinson disease
E) Loss of short-term memory in a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease -
Correct Answer-Ans: A, C
Development of pulmonary emboli and pulmonary fibrosis following
chemotherapy are both examples of a complication (adverse extensions of a
disease or outcome from treatment). It is normal to expect incisional pain
following surgery. As Parkinson disease progresses, the inability to walk
independently is expected. This is a normal progression for people diagnosed
with Parkinson's. Loss of short-term memory in a patient diagnosed with
Alzheimer disease is an expected finding.
Ch. 1 #3 Laboratory testing is ordered for a male patient during a clinic visit for a
routine follow-up assessment of hypertension. When interpreting lab values, the
nurse knows that
A) a normal value represents the test results that fall within the bell curve.
B) if the lab result is above the 50% distribution, the result is considered elevated.
C) all lab values are adjusted for gender and weight.
D) if the result of a very sensitive test is negative, that does not mean the person
is disease free. - Correct Answer-Ans: A
What is termed a normal value for a laboratory test is established statistically
from results obtained from a selected sample of people. A normal value
represents the test results that fall within the bell curve or the 95% distribution.
Some lab values (like hemoglobin) are adjusted for gender, other comorbidities,
or age. If the result of a very sensitive test is negative, it tells us the person does
not have the disease, and the disease has been ruled out or excluded.
2|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
Ch. 1 #4 The laboratory technologists are discussing a new blood test that helps
establish a differential diagnosis between shortness of breath with a cardiac
etiology and shortness of breath with a respiratory/pulmonary etiology. A positive
result is purported to indicate a cardiac etiology. The marketers of the test report
that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies test positive in the
test. However, 1.3% of patients who do not have cardiac etiologies for their
shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the following statements best
characterizes this blood test?
A) Low validity; high reliability
B) High sensitivity; low specificity
C) High specificity; low reliability
D) High sensitivity; low reliability - Correct Answer-Ans: B
A large number of patients would receive the correct positive diagnosis (high
sensitivity), while a significant number would receive a false-positive diagnosis
(low specificity). The information given does not indicate low reliability or low
validity.
Ch. 1 #5 As part of a screening program for prostate cancer, men at a senior
citizens' center are having their blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
measured. Which of the following statements would best characterize a high
positive predictive value but a low negative predictive value for this screening
test?
A) All of the men who had high PSA levels developed prostate cancer; several men
who had low PSA levels also developed prostate cancer.
B) All of the men who had low PSA levels were cancer-free; several men who had
high levels also remained free of prostate cancer.
C) Men who had low PSA levels also displayed false-positive results for prostate
cancer; men with high levels were often falsely diagnosed with prostate cancer.
3|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
D) The test displayed low sensitivity but high specificity. - Correct Answer-Ans: A
The test's inability to rule out cancer with a low PSA level indicates a low
negative predictive value. Answer B suggests a high negative predictive value,
while answer C indicates a low positive predictive value. High positive predictive
value is associated with high sensitivity
Ch. 1 #6 At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout
sessions focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which
statements would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition?
Select all that apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking
classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their
hemodialysis sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children - Correct
Answer-Ans: A, B, C, E
The WHO definition of health is defined as "a state of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity."
Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics
helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes
helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic
disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
4|Page
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
Ch. 1 #1 A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is
assessing the client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the
patient's current state of health would be best characterized as a symptom rather
than a sign?
A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
bilaterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. - Correct Answer-Ans: B
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health
problem, such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to
breath sounds, and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of
disease.
Ch. 1 #2 Which of the following situations would be classified as a complication of
a disease or outcome from the treatment regimen? Select all that apply.
A) Massive pulmonary emboli following diagnosis of new-onset atrial fibrillation
B) Burning, intense incision pain following surgery to remove a portion of colon
due to intestinal aganglionosis
C) Development of pulmonary fibrosis following treatment with bleomycin, an
antibiotic chemotherapy agent used in treatment of lymphoma
1|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
D) Gradual deterioration in ability to walk unassisted for a patient diagnosed with
Parkinson disease
E) Loss of short-term memory in a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer disease -
Correct Answer-Ans: A, C
Development of pulmonary emboli and pulmonary fibrosis following
chemotherapy are both examples of a complication (adverse extensions of a
disease or outcome from treatment). It is normal to expect incisional pain
following surgery. As Parkinson disease progresses, the inability to walk
independently is expected. This is a normal progression for people diagnosed
with Parkinson's. Loss of short-term memory in a patient diagnosed with
Alzheimer disease is an expected finding.
Ch. 1 #3 Laboratory testing is ordered for a male patient during a clinic visit for a
routine follow-up assessment of hypertension. When interpreting lab values, the
nurse knows that
A) a normal value represents the test results that fall within the bell curve.
B) if the lab result is above the 50% distribution, the result is considered elevated.
C) all lab values are adjusted for gender and weight.
D) if the result of a very sensitive test is negative, that does not mean the person
is disease free. - Correct Answer-Ans: A
What is termed a normal value for a laboratory test is established statistically
from results obtained from a selected sample of people. A normal value
represents the test results that fall within the bell curve or the 95% distribution.
Some lab values (like hemoglobin) are adjusted for gender, other comorbidities,
or age. If the result of a very sensitive test is negative, it tells us the person does
not have the disease, and the disease has been ruled out or excluded.
2|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
Ch. 1 #4 The laboratory technologists are discussing a new blood test that helps
establish a differential diagnosis between shortness of breath with a cardiac
etiology and shortness of breath with a respiratory/pulmonary etiology. A positive
result is purported to indicate a cardiac etiology. The marketers of the test report
that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies test positive in the
test. However, 1.3% of patients who do not have cardiac etiologies for their
shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the following statements best
characterizes this blood test?
A) Low validity; high reliability
B) High sensitivity; low specificity
C) High specificity; low reliability
D) High sensitivity; low reliability - Correct Answer-Ans: B
A large number of patients would receive the correct positive diagnosis (high
sensitivity), while a significant number would receive a false-positive diagnosis
(low specificity). The information given does not indicate low reliability or low
validity.
Ch. 1 #5 As part of a screening program for prostate cancer, men at a senior
citizens' center are having their blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
measured. Which of the following statements would best characterize a high
positive predictive value but a low negative predictive value for this screening
test?
A) All of the men who had high PSA levels developed prostate cancer; several men
who had low PSA levels also developed prostate cancer.
B) All of the men who had low PSA levels were cancer-free; several men who had
high levels also remained free of prostate cancer.
C) Men who had low PSA levels also displayed false-positive results for prostate
cancer; men with high levels were often falsely diagnosed with prostate cancer.
3|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK
D) The test displayed low sensitivity but high specificity. - Correct Answer-Ans: A
The test's inability to rule out cancer with a low PSA level indicates a low
negative predictive value. Answer B suggests a high negative predictive value,
while answer C indicates a low positive predictive value. High positive predictive
value is associated with high sensitivity
Ch. 1 #6 At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout
sessions focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which
statements would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition?
Select all that apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking
classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their
hemodialysis sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children - Correct
Answer-Ans: A, B, C, E
The WHO definition of health is defined as "a state of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity."
Engaging in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics
helps facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes
helps with facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic
disease. Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
4|Page
