Fundamentals exam 2: Chapters 13-20 Questions With Complete Solutions

Which assessment should the practical nurse (PN) make to best evaluate a client's fluid status? - ANSWER Daily body weight. 2. A client is receiving a daily prescription for furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg PO, but is unable to swallow. The practical nurse (PN) should consult with the healthcare provider about which component of the prescription? - ANSWER The route of administration. 3. What is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to include when performing pain assessment after giving an analgesic? - ANSWER Use a pain scale to describe the intensity. 4. Which food should the practical nurse (PN) recommend to a client as a source of complete protein? - ANSWER Eggs. 5. The practical nurse is administering scheduled morning medications to a client who states, I haven't seen that pill before. Are you sure it's correct? Which action should the PN take? - ANSWER Verify the prescription before administrating the medication. 6. The practical nurse (PN) hears breath sounds that are short, popping, and discontinuous on inspiration when auscultating a client's lungs. Which description should the PN document in the client's record? - ANSWER Crackles auscultated. 7. Which information should the practical nurse provide a client who is selecting a site for self-injection of insulin? - ANSWER Rotate sites within the same location for a week before choosing a new location. 8. Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) use to prevent obstruction of a gastric feeding tube? - ANSWER Obtain a prescription for a liquid drug form instead of crushing tablets. 9. Which intervention provides confirmation of nasogastric tube (NGT) placement before NGT feedings are started? - ANSWER Flat plate x-ray of the abdomen. 10. A client who has a pressure-relieving mattress overlay is mobilized to a chair and imprints of the clients buttocks, heels, and scapula are evident on the mattress overlay. What action should the practical nurse implement? - ANSWER Apply a different pressure relieving device and assess its effectiveness for this client. 11. A client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded when moving from a supine position to a sitting position. What is the practical nurse's priority intervention? - ANSWER Obtain orthostatic blood pressures. 12. Which technique should the practical nurse use to give a Z-tract intramuscular (IM) injection? - ANSWER Inject the medication into the dorsal gluteal site. 13. When irrigating the eyes of a client, which action should the practical nurse implement? - ANSWER Direct the irrigation flow from the inner canthus to the outer canthus of the affected eye. 14. When irrigating the external ear canals of an older adult client, which action should the practical nurse (PN) use to soften dry cerumen for removal? - ANSWER Instill mineral oil in the external auditory canal overnight before irrigation. 15. A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years now requires increased doses to obtain pain relief. he client expresses fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information should the practical nurse (PN) provide? - ANSWER Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve quality of life. 16. A client's indwelling urinary catheter is removed at 9:30 AM. The practical nurse (PN) assesses the client every two hours for the desire to void. Which documented assessment requires further intervention by the PN? - ANSWER 5:30 pm: unable to void. 17. The healthcare provider prescribes a cleansing enema for an adult prior to bowel surgery. Which intervention(s) should the practical nurse implement to ensure adequate bowel cleansing? (Select all that apply) - ANSWER Place the client on the left side in Sim's position. Use enema fluid that is near 105 F (40.4 C). Instill 500 mL to 1,000 mL fluids slowly. Raise the enema container 20 inches above anus. Encourage the client to retain fluid 10 to 15 minutes. 18. The practical nurse (PN) contacts the healthcare provider about an older client who is agitated and aggressive with the staff. Which reason should the PN use to request a prescription for wrist restraints? - ANSWER To ensure the client's safety when the benefits outweigh the risk. 19. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when supporting an older client who is afraid of dying? - ANSWER Use open-ended questions to encourage the client to share feelings. 20. A family member of a dying client asks the practical nurse (PN) if the client knows the family is at the bedside. The PN explains that which of the five senses persists the longest during the dying process? - ANSWER Hearing 21. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a male client cope with his fear as he approaches death? - ANSWER Hold the client's hand and tell him he is not alone. 22. An older client is receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feedings for several days - ANSWER Abdominal distention and nausea. 23. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older client who is NPO after surgery. The client complains that his mouth and mucous membranes are dry. Which intervention should the PN implement to increase the client's comfort? - ANSWER Preform oral hygiene frequently. 24. The practical nurse (PN) is giving oral care to an older female client with tender gums that bleed easily because of a medication she is taking. What intervention should the PN implement? - ANSWER Obtain a soft-bristle brush for the client.