CERTIFIED LACTATION COUNSELOR (CLC) — MIDTERM EXAM 2025 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the most variable constituent of human milk, changing both within a
single feed and daily?
a) Cholesterol
b) Lactose
c) Calcium
d) Fat -
e) Answer-d) Fat
A research study shows that mothers who supplement their babies tend to
breastfeed longer than those who don't supplement. Which of the following is
most important to know in analyzing such a study?
a) Who funded the study
b) The authors' definition of breastfeeding
c) The authors' definition of supplementation
d) The socio-economic of the study participants -
e) Answer-c) The authors' definition of supplementation
Which of the following publications is likely to be most useful when considering
which drugs are compatible with breastfeeding?
a) The Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) updated monthly
b) Studies published in peer reviewed journals in the last 7 years
c) The drug insert that comes with each medication
d) Drug information published every year in the Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) -
e) Answer-a) The Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) updated monthly
The best time for a baby to go to the breast for his first feed is:
a) Right after birth
b) Within the first six hours of birth
c) As soon as the mother states she is ready
d) When the baby demonstrates feeding cues -
e) Answer-d) When the baby demonstrates feeding cues
How does the growth pattern of the breastfed infant differ from the formula-fed
infant?
a) The breastfed newborn gains more slowly at all points in time than a formula-fed
infant
b) After an accelerated growth in the early months the breastfed baby slows at about 4
months
c) The formula-fed infant grows in length faster than the breastfed baby in the first 6
months
d) The breastfed infant has a larger head circumference than the formula-fed infant -
e) Answer-b) After an accelerated growth in the early months the breastfed baby slows at
about 4 months
The LEAST important reason for accurate documentation is:
, a) To defend yourself in case of a lawsuit
b) To provide parents with an individualized plan of care
c) To assure the primary HCP has an accurate record of all intervention and
suggestions
d) To fulfill the requirements of the Standards of Practice for lactation consultants -
e) Answer-b) To provide parents with an individualized plan of care
Which factor is higher in colostrum than in mature milk?
a) Fat
b) Lactose
c) Protein
d) Oligosaccharides -
e) Answer-c) Protein
A 1-month-old infant who has malaria probably acquired the disease:
a) Through breast milk
b) Via the placenta during the pregnancy
c) Via exposure to the vaginal secretions at the time of brith
d) Via exposure to the anopheles mosquitos -
e) Answer-d) Via exposure to the anopheles mosquito
The most common cause of sore nipples is related to:
a) Incorrect positioning of the baby at the breast
b) Concurrent infection of both mother and baby with yeast
c) Feeds lasting longer than 15 minutes on each breast
d) Oral abnormalities of the infant such as ankyloglossia -
e) Answer-a) Incorrect positioning of the baby at the breast
For a mother to fractionate (lactoengineer) her milk she needs to:
a) Pump every 1-1.5 hours
b) Use hand expression, not a breast pump
c) Have an abundant milk supply
d) Use only one collection container -
e) Answer-c) Have an abundant milk supply
Which matters the most in regards to which women will attend a breastfeeding
class?
a) If she has some kind of insurance
b) Mother's race or ethnicity
c) Middle or higher class income
d) Education beyond high school -
e) Answer-a) If she has some kind of insurance
A short lingual frenulum is referred to as:
a) Labioglossia
b) Ankyloglossia
c) Retracted tongue
d) Labial tongue-tie -
e) Answer-b) Ankyloglossia
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the most variable constituent of human milk, changing both within a
single feed and daily?
a) Cholesterol
b) Lactose
c) Calcium
d) Fat -
e) Answer-d) Fat
A research study shows that mothers who supplement their babies tend to
breastfeed longer than those who don't supplement. Which of the following is
most important to know in analyzing such a study?
a) Who funded the study
b) The authors' definition of breastfeeding
c) The authors' definition of supplementation
d) The socio-economic of the study participants -
e) Answer-c) The authors' definition of supplementation
Which of the following publications is likely to be most useful when considering
which drugs are compatible with breastfeeding?
a) The Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) updated monthly
b) Studies published in peer reviewed journals in the last 7 years
c) The drug insert that comes with each medication
d) Drug information published every year in the Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) -
e) Answer-a) The Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) updated monthly
The best time for a baby to go to the breast for his first feed is:
a) Right after birth
b) Within the first six hours of birth
c) As soon as the mother states she is ready
d) When the baby demonstrates feeding cues -
e) Answer-d) When the baby demonstrates feeding cues
How does the growth pattern of the breastfed infant differ from the formula-fed
infant?
a) The breastfed newborn gains more slowly at all points in time than a formula-fed
infant
b) After an accelerated growth in the early months the breastfed baby slows at about 4
months
c) The formula-fed infant grows in length faster than the breastfed baby in the first 6
months
d) The breastfed infant has a larger head circumference than the formula-fed infant -
e) Answer-b) After an accelerated growth in the early months the breastfed baby slows at
about 4 months
The LEAST important reason for accurate documentation is:
, a) To defend yourself in case of a lawsuit
b) To provide parents with an individualized plan of care
c) To assure the primary HCP has an accurate record of all intervention and
suggestions
d) To fulfill the requirements of the Standards of Practice for lactation consultants -
e) Answer-b) To provide parents with an individualized plan of care
Which factor is higher in colostrum than in mature milk?
a) Fat
b) Lactose
c) Protein
d) Oligosaccharides -
e) Answer-c) Protein
A 1-month-old infant who has malaria probably acquired the disease:
a) Through breast milk
b) Via the placenta during the pregnancy
c) Via exposure to the vaginal secretions at the time of brith
d) Via exposure to the anopheles mosquitos -
e) Answer-d) Via exposure to the anopheles mosquito
The most common cause of sore nipples is related to:
a) Incorrect positioning of the baby at the breast
b) Concurrent infection of both mother and baby with yeast
c) Feeds lasting longer than 15 minutes on each breast
d) Oral abnormalities of the infant such as ankyloglossia -
e) Answer-a) Incorrect positioning of the baby at the breast
For a mother to fractionate (lactoengineer) her milk she needs to:
a) Pump every 1-1.5 hours
b) Use hand expression, not a breast pump
c) Have an abundant milk supply
d) Use only one collection container -
e) Answer-c) Have an abundant milk supply
Which matters the most in regards to which women will attend a breastfeeding
class?
a) If she has some kind of insurance
b) Mother's race or ethnicity
c) Middle or higher class income
d) Education beyond high school -
e) Answer-a) If she has some kind of insurance
A short lingual frenulum is referred to as:
a) Labioglossia
b) Ankyloglossia
c) Retracted tongue
d) Labial tongue-tie -
e) Answer-b) Ankyloglossia
