NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
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/. sensitive period - Answer-✅a time when a certain type of development is most likely
to happen or happens most easily, although it may still happen later with more difficulty
ex. early childhood and language learning
/.cohort - Answer-✅group born around the same time
/.types of developmental psychology research - Answer-✅longitudinal
cross-sectional
cross-sequential
/.longitudinal research - Answer-✅collecting data repeatedly on the same individuals
/.cross-sectional research - Answer-✅groups of people of one age are compared with
people of another age but are similar in other characterisitcs
/.cross-sequential - Answer-✅study several groups of people at different ages (a cross-
sectional approach) and follow them over the years (a longitudinal approach)
/.reflexes - Answer-✅an unlearned, involuntary action or movement in response to a
stimulus
occurs without conscious thought
/.types of reflexes - Answer-✅babinski
moro
rooting
stepping
palmar
/.babinski - Answer-✅fans or spreads toes in response to a stroking foot usually
disappears at end of first year
, /.moro (startle) - Answer-✅back arches, legs and arms fling out and then brought back
to chest in hugging motion when position suddenly changed, loud noise or bump
lost 6-7 months
/.rooting - Answer-✅baby turns head and mouth toward stimulus that strokes the cheek,
chin or corner of mouth, facilitates finding mothers nipple for sucking
/.stepping - Answer-✅mimics walking when held under arms
usually disappears by 3 or 4 months
/.palmar (grasping) - Answer-✅using 4 fingers, babies grasp fingers/objects, pressed
against the palms of their hands.
most babies support weight
lost by 3-4 months, voluntary grasping 5-6 months
/.head sparing - Answer-✅biological mechanism that protects the brain when
malnutrition disrupts body growth
brain is last effected
/.transient exuberance - Answer-✅great but temporary increase in the number of
dendrites that develop in an infants brain during the first two years of life
/.experience expectant brain functions - Answer-✅brain functions require certain basic
common experiences in order to develop normally
/.experience dependent brain functions - Answer-✅brain functions depend on particular,
variable experiences and therefore may or may not develop in a particular infant
/.visual preferences in infancy - Answer-✅newborns are legally blind
only focus on things between 4-30 inches
by two months they recognize details
2-4 months both eyes focus on a single thing
/.gross motor skills - Answer-✅large body movement
walking and jumping
/.sequence of gross motor skill development - Answer-✅1. sit unsupported - 6 months
2. stand holding on - 7.4 months
3. crawl - 8 months
4. stand not holding - 10.8 months
5. walk well - 12 months
6. walk backward - 15 months
7. run - 18 months
8. jump up - 26 months