NR 546 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 546 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) Tanrıkulu and Erbaş (2020) investigated identical twins to determine the presence of an inherited link for schizophrenia and why one twin may develop schizophrenia when the other does not. When two people have 100% identical DNA, why don't both persons develop the exact illnesses? Studies of identical Danish twins found that if one twin had schizophrenia, the other twin had a 50% lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia (Lemvigh et al., 2020). Why is there only half the risk? Correct Answer Both environmental and psychosocial stressors can impact mental health. Although twins may have identical genes, their gene expression may be different. There may be an environmental exposure that turned a gene "on" that should have been "off" for one twin to develop schizophrenia and not the other. central sulcus Correct Answer separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe frontal lobe Correct Answer associated with movement, intelligence, abstract thinking broca's area Correct Answer speech production temporal lobe Correct Answer involves object identification and auditory signals cerebellum Correct Answer coordination wernicke's area Correct Answer speech comprehension occipital lobe Correct Answer primary visual area parietal lobe Correct Answer keeps us alert to what is going on around us sensory cortex Correct Answer pain, heat, and other sensations motor cortex Correct Answer movement hippocampus Correct Answer involved in both memory and anxiety nucleus accumbens Correct Answer involved in the reward process thalamus Correct Answer involved in sensory organ and motor command processing striatum Correct Answer involved in complex motor actions, also links cognition to motor actions limbic system Correct Answer includes circuits that are associated with pleasure and reward basal ganglia Correct Answer group of structures involved in voluntary motor movements amygdala Correct Answer involved in emotional regulation and perception of odors corpus callosum Correct Answer controls the communication between the two brain hemispheres white matter Correct Answer contains nerve fibers that connect neurons from different regions into functional circuits grey matter Correct Answer contains nerve cells and dendrites brain tissue Correct Answer made up of grey matter and white matter dorsal striatum Correct Answer involved in complex motor actions and linkage of cognition to motor actions -main input area for basal ganglia *activated when anticipating or engaging in pleasure The field of epigenetics is rapidly growing and can help explain how gene expression is: Correct Answer influenced by environmental factors and how epigenetics contributes to the manifestation of mental illness How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? Correct Answer internal or external factors activate portions of the genome that result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms -activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when combined with the genetic risk, results in the disease -genes being on or off -occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an abnormal gene or of normal genes being "on" when they should be "off." Types of epigenetic changes: Correct Answer DNA Methylation Histone modification Non-coding RNA The potential legal and ethical issues impacting mental health treatment must also be taken into account, including: Correct Answer -informed consent -competence to make healthcare decisions -off-label prescribing Informed consent Correct Answer Clients have the right to receive enough information to make decisions about treatment. -must also be informed about potential risks associated with medications. -have the right to refuse treatment -cannot be forcibly medicated in non-emergencies. However, clients can be forcibly medicated if they are violent toward themselves or others and when less restrictive methods have failed