NR 228- EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 228- EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) Vitamins- Correct Answer -organic molecules needed in very small amounts for cellular metabolism --Perform specific metabolic functions -Essential nutrients to be provided by diet --Vitamin D synthesized by body but still considered vitamin vitamin solubility- Correct Answer Affected by absorption, transportation, and storage in body water soluble- Correct Answer B-complex vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, cobalamin, biotin, and pantothenic acid), choline, and vitamin C Minimal storage by body Deficiencies quick to develop Usually low risk of toxicity fat- soluble Correct Answer vitamins A, D, E, and K Excess stored in body Deficiencies slower to develop Greater risk of toxicity food sources of vitamins- Correct Answer Vitamins are present in almost all foods. Synthetic vitamins (supplements) perform same vitamin function. Vitamins are best consumed from food sources. Synthetic vitamins may lack other benefits found in foods. Phytochemicals are nonnutritive substances in plant-based foods that appear to have disease-fighting properties. Water-Soluble Vitamins: Thiamin (VitaminB1) Correct Answer Function: coenzyme in energy metabolism Role in nerve functioning related to muscle actions Recommended intake and sources RDA: 1.2 mg for men; 1.1 mg for women Sources: lean pork, whole or enriched grains and flours, legumes, seeds, nuts Thiamin (VitaminB1)- deficiency Correct Answer Deficiency: beriberi Ataxia (muscle weakness/loss of coordination) and tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) Wet (edema) versus dry beriberi (nervous system) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a cerebral form Marginal: psychologic disturbances, headache, fatigue, irritability Risk factors: alcoholism, renal dialysis, parenteral nutrition, human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), persistent vomiting (as in hyperemesis gravidarum), anorexia nervosa, gastrectomy Water-Soluble Vitamins: Riboflavin (vitamin B2) Correct Answer Function: coenzyme in energy release Recommended intake and sources RDA: 1.3 mg for men; 1.1 mg for women Need related to total kilocalorie intake, energy needs, body size, metabolic rate, and growth rate Sources: milk, enriched grains and cereals, whole grains, vegetables, dairy, meats, fish, poultry, eggs Very light-sensitive; loss increases on exposure to artificial and natural light; lost in cooking water Deficiency: ariboflavinosis Cheilosis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis Water-Soluble Vitamins: Niacin- b3 Correct Answer nicotinic acid and niacinamide Recommended intake and sources