1
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE -
2025/2026- 100+ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALL
THE BEST
onset of lente insulin
1 to 2 hours
when to administer lente insulin
does not need to be with a meal
peak of lente insulin
4 to 12 hours
insulin glargine
long acting insulin
precautions with insulin glargine (lantus)
insulin glargine cannot be mixed with other insulins!!, the action may be affected
in an unpredictable manner.
onset of insulin glargine
1-1.5 hours
peak of insulin glargine
has no peak...lasts 24 hr
storage for insulin
, 2
insulin vials should be stored in a refrigerator or they can be kept at room
temperature for up to 28 days. cartridges and pens should be stored at room
temperature and used within 28 days..
glucagon
a drug used to treat hypoglycemia. raises blood glucose levels
side effects of glucagon
n/v, hypotension, hypersensitivity, & hypokalemia
administration of glucagon
can be given SQ, IM, or IV. then as soon as the patient is awake, give the patient
some carbohydrate snack
mixing insulin
whenever mixing insulin, the short acting (regular/humilin R) insulin is drawn up
first in order to prevent contamination. short acting is clear insulin and
intermediate acting (humilin L/lente) is cloudy, so it is drawn up clear then cloudy.
insulin glargine cannot be mixed with any kind of insulin.
metformin
the most common oral hypoglycemic medication for pre diabetic patients and non
insulin dependent type 2 diabetes. is not used to treat type 1.
administration of metformin
taken each day. administer WITH food in order to prevent GI upset. also take
vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements
side effects of metformin
GI effects including anorexia, n/v, HA, abdominal gas/pain, metallic taste,
hypoglycemia,
LACTIC ACIDOSIS!! (unexplained muscle aches, fatigue, lethargy and
hyperventilation)
, 3
*ok for pregnancy
precautions taking metformin
needs to be stopped 48 hours before any type of radiographic test with iodinated
contrast dye and can't be resumed until 48 hours after because this can cause
lactic acidosis or ARF. watch renal function when taking metformin.
lispro insulin (humulog)
rapid acting insulin
onset of lispro insulin (humolog)
under 15 minutes
peak of lispro insulin (humulog)
30 min to 1.5 hours
when to administer lispro insulin (humulog)
0-15 minutes prior to a meal
regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
short acting insulin
onset of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
30 min to 60 minutes
peak of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
2 to 3 hours
when to administer regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
30 minutes before a meal
lente insulin (humulin L)
intermediate acting insulin
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE -
2025/2026- 100+ QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ALL
THE BEST
onset of lente insulin
1 to 2 hours
when to administer lente insulin
does not need to be with a meal
peak of lente insulin
4 to 12 hours
insulin glargine
long acting insulin
precautions with insulin glargine (lantus)
insulin glargine cannot be mixed with other insulins!!, the action may be affected
in an unpredictable manner.
onset of insulin glargine
1-1.5 hours
peak of insulin glargine
has no peak...lasts 24 hr
storage for insulin
, 2
insulin vials should be stored in a refrigerator or they can be kept at room
temperature for up to 28 days. cartridges and pens should be stored at room
temperature and used within 28 days..
glucagon
a drug used to treat hypoglycemia. raises blood glucose levels
side effects of glucagon
n/v, hypotension, hypersensitivity, & hypokalemia
administration of glucagon
can be given SQ, IM, or IV. then as soon as the patient is awake, give the patient
some carbohydrate snack
mixing insulin
whenever mixing insulin, the short acting (regular/humilin R) insulin is drawn up
first in order to prevent contamination. short acting is clear insulin and
intermediate acting (humilin L/lente) is cloudy, so it is drawn up clear then cloudy.
insulin glargine cannot be mixed with any kind of insulin.
metformin
the most common oral hypoglycemic medication for pre diabetic patients and non
insulin dependent type 2 diabetes. is not used to treat type 1.
administration of metformin
taken each day. administer WITH food in order to prevent GI upset. also take
vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements
side effects of metformin
GI effects including anorexia, n/v, HA, abdominal gas/pain, metallic taste,
hypoglycemia,
LACTIC ACIDOSIS!! (unexplained muscle aches, fatigue, lethargy and
hyperventilation)
, 3
*ok for pregnancy
precautions taking metformin
needs to be stopped 48 hours before any type of radiographic test with iodinated
contrast dye and can't be resumed until 48 hours after because this can cause
lactic acidosis or ARF. watch renal function when taking metformin.
lispro insulin (humulog)
rapid acting insulin
onset of lispro insulin (humolog)
under 15 minutes
peak of lispro insulin (humulog)
30 min to 1.5 hours
when to administer lispro insulin (humulog)
0-15 minutes prior to a meal
regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
short acting insulin
onset of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
30 min to 60 minutes
peak of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
2 to 3 hours
when to administer regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R)
30 minutes before a meal
lente insulin (humulin L)
intermediate acting insulin
