Chamberlain BIOS 251 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
/.What 4 ways do you examine the body? - Answer-✅Inspection, Palpation,
Auscultation and Percussion
/.Inspection - Answer-✅Seeing the body
/.Palpation - Answer-✅to examine by touch
/.Auscultation - Answer-✅Listening with a stethoscope
/.Percussion - Answer-✅taking hands and beating over certain parts of body
/.Medical Imaging - Answer-✅methods of viewing the inside of the body without
surgery, i.e. radiology
/.Gross Anatomy - Answer-✅Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
/.Histology - Answer-✅the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
/.Histopathology - Answer-✅microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
/.Cytology - Answer-✅study of structure and function of cells
/.Ultrastructure - Answer-✅fine detail, down to the molecular level, revealed by the
electron microscope
/.Subdisciplines of Physiology - Answer-✅neurophysiology, endocrinology,
pathophysiology
/.Neurophysiology - Answer-✅physiology of the nervous system
/.Endocrinology - Answer-✅study of hormones
/.Pathophysiology - Answer-✅mechanisms of disease
/.Hippocrates - Answer-✅Father of medicine
/.Scientific Fact - Answer-✅information that can be independently verified
,/.Law of Nature - Answer-✅a generalization about the predictable ways in which matter
and energy behave
/.Theory - Answer-✅explanatory statement or set of statements derived from facts, laws
and confirmed hypotheses
/.Bipedalism - Answer-✅the ability to walk upright on two legs
/.The Hierarchy of Complexity - Answer-✅Organ system-organs-tissues-cells-
organelles-molecules-atoms
/.situs invertus - Answer-✅heart is on the opposite side
/.Organization - Answer-✅living things exhibit a higher level of organization than
nonliving things
/.Cellular Composition - Answer-✅living matter is always compartmentalized into one or
more cells
/.Metabolism - Answer-✅internal chemical reactions; the sum of all biochemical events
that occur in the body
/.Responsiveness - Answer-✅ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or
excitability)
/.Movement - Answer-✅of organism and/or of substances within the organism
/.Characteristics of life - Answer-✅organization, cellular composition, metabolism,
responsiveness and movement, homeostasis, development, reproduction, evolution
/.Homeostasis - Answer-✅the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that
oppose it and thereby maintain stable internal conditions
/.Physiological Variation - Answer-✅Sex, age, diet, weight, physical activity, genetics
and environment
/.Feedback Loops - Answer-✅biological mechanisms where homeostasis is maintained
/.Homeostasis in Body Temperature - Answer-✅-If too warm, vessels dilate in the skin
and sweating begins (heat-losing mechanism)
-If too cold, vessels in the skin constrict and shivering begins (heat-gaining mechanism)
/.Negative Feedback - Answer-✅a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates
reactions that reduce the stimulus
, /.Receptor - Answer-✅structure that senses change in the body
/.Integrating (control) Center - Answer-✅control center that processes the sensory
information, "makes a decision," and directs the response
/.Effector - Answer-✅cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action to restore
homeostasis
/.Positive Feedback - Answer-✅Self-amplifying cycle where the feedback loop is
repeated. Normal way of producing rapid changes. Can sometimes be dangerous. ex.
childbirth
/.Gradient - Answer-✅a difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or
pressure between two points. Chemicals flow down concentration gradients. Charged
particles flow down electrical gradients. Heat flows down thermal gradients.
/.CT Scan - Answer-✅computed tomography scan
/.MRI - Answer-✅magnetic resonance imaging
/.PET scan - Answer-✅a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive
form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
/.Sonography - Answer-✅high frequency sound waves echo back from internal organs
/.The relationship between function and structure - Answer-✅Form creates function,
function predicts form
/.The primary function of red blood cells - Answer-✅To transport vital gases to and from
the body tissues. Red blood cells transport oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide
from the tissues to the lungs so that it can be exhaled out of the body.
/.How are red blood cells unlike other body cells? - Answer-✅As they mature they lose
their nucleus and organelles, which allows room for more hemoglobin molecules which
are oxygen binding proteins.
/.What do red blood cells display? - Answer-✅Viscoelasticity, they have the ability to go
back to their original shape if they become deformed due to stress. This allows them to
be able to flow through narrow blood vessels.
/.Superior - Answer-✅Structure that is toward the head of the body
/.How many body cavities are in the body? - Answer-✅4
/.What 4 ways do you examine the body? - Answer-✅Inspection, Palpation,
Auscultation and Percussion
/.Inspection - Answer-✅Seeing the body
/.Palpation - Answer-✅to examine by touch
/.Auscultation - Answer-✅Listening with a stethoscope
/.Percussion - Answer-✅taking hands and beating over certain parts of body
/.Medical Imaging - Answer-✅methods of viewing the inside of the body without
surgery, i.e. radiology
/.Gross Anatomy - Answer-✅Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
/.Histology - Answer-✅the study of the microscopic structure of tissues
/.Histopathology - Answer-✅microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
/.Cytology - Answer-✅study of structure and function of cells
/.Ultrastructure - Answer-✅fine detail, down to the molecular level, revealed by the
electron microscope
/.Subdisciplines of Physiology - Answer-✅neurophysiology, endocrinology,
pathophysiology
/.Neurophysiology - Answer-✅physiology of the nervous system
/.Endocrinology - Answer-✅study of hormones
/.Pathophysiology - Answer-✅mechanisms of disease
/.Hippocrates - Answer-✅Father of medicine
/.Scientific Fact - Answer-✅information that can be independently verified
,/.Law of Nature - Answer-✅a generalization about the predictable ways in which matter
and energy behave
/.Theory - Answer-✅explanatory statement or set of statements derived from facts, laws
and confirmed hypotheses
/.Bipedalism - Answer-✅the ability to walk upright on two legs
/.The Hierarchy of Complexity - Answer-✅Organ system-organs-tissues-cells-
organelles-molecules-atoms
/.situs invertus - Answer-✅heart is on the opposite side
/.Organization - Answer-✅living things exhibit a higher level of organization than
nonliving things
/.Cellular Composition - Answer-✅living matter is always compartmentalized into one or
more cells
/.Metabolism - Answer-✅internal chemical reactions; the sum of all biochemical events
that occur in the body
/.Responsiveness - Answer-✅ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or
excitability)
/.Movement - Answer-✅of organism and/or of substances within the organism
/.Characteristics of life - Answer-✅organization, cellular composition, metabolism,
responsiveness and movement, homeostasis, development, reproduction, evolution
/.Homeostasis - Answer-✅the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that
oppose it and thereby maintain stable internal conditions
/.Physiological Variation - Answer-✅Sex, age, diet, weight, physical activity, genetics
and environment
/.Feedback Loops - Answer-✅biological mechanisms where homeostasis is maintained
/.Homeostasis in Body Temperature - Answer-✅-If too warm, vessels dilate in the skin
and sweating begins (heat-losing mechanism)
-If too cold, vessels in the skin constrict and shivering begins (heat-gaining mechanism)
/.Negative Feedback - Answer-✅a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates
reactions that reduce the stimulus
, /.Receptor - Answer-✅structure that senses change in the body
/.Integrating (control) Center - Answer-✅control center that processes the sensory
information, "makes a decision," and directs the response
/.Effector - Answer-✅cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action to restore
homeostasis
/.Positive Feedback - Answer-✅Self-amplifying cycle where the feedback loop is
repeated. Normal way of producing rapid changes. Can sometimes be dangerous. ex.
childbirth
/.Gradient - Answer-✅a difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or
pressure between two points. Chemicals flow down concentration gradients. Charged
particles flow down electrical gradients. Heat flows down thermal gradients.
/.CT Scan - Answer-✅computed tomography scan
/.MRI - Answer-✅magnetic resonance imaging
/.PET scan - Answer-✅a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive
form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
/.Sonography - Answer-✅high frequency sound waves echo back from internal organs
/.The relationship between function and structure - Answer-✅Form creates function,
function predicts form
/.The primary function of red blood cells - Answer-✅To transport vital gases to and from
the body tissues. Red blood cells transport oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide
from the tissues to the lungs so that it can be exhaled out of the body.
/.How are red blood cells unlike other body cells? - Answer-✅As they mature they lose
their nucleus and organelles, which allows room for more hemoglobin molecules which
are oxygen binding proteins.
/.What do red blood cells display? - Answer-✅Viscoelasticity, they have the ability to go
back to their original shape if they become deformed due to stress. This allows them to
be able to flow through narrow blood vessels.
/.Superior - Answer-✅Structure that is toward the head of the body
/.How many body cavities are in the body? - Answer-✅4
