Page 1 of 51
EXAM 2: NR 283 / NR283 (LATEST
UPDATES STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
GRADE A | 100% CORRECT (VERIFIED ANSWERS) -
CHAMBERLAIN
intravascular fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....all fluids within
blood vessel-3L.
intracellular fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....the fluid located
inside your cells
interstitial fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....fluid-filled space
between cells and blood vessels (solutes are dissolved in the
fluid)
Anti-diuretic hormone ADH .....ANSWER.....retains water; controls
amount of fluid leaving the body via urine; promotes
reabsorption of water
,Page 2 of 51
aldosterone .....ANSWER.....retains sodium and water; excretes
potassium; reabsorption of sodium and water from the kidney
tubules
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) .....ANSWER.....retains potassium;
excretes sodium and water
Osmosis .....ANSWER.....movement of water from low solute
concentration (ISF) to high pressure (blood)
movement of fluid from the interstitial space to the capillary
filtration .....ANSWER.....movement of water and solutes from
blood (high pressure) to ISF (low pressure area)
movement of fluid from the capillary to the interstitial space
hydrostatic pressure .....ANSWER.....the "pushing" force
osmotic pressure .....ANSWER.....the "pulling" force
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fluid excess (hypervolemia) .....ANSWER.....causes: kidney, liver,
heart failure; too much fluids, increased Na intake, blood
transfusions, endocrine disorders
manifestations: SOB- Pt c/o dyspnea, increased urine output,
hypertension, bounding pulse, JVD, shiny skin, moist mucous
membranes, weight gain, edema, tachycardia, decreased lab
values (due to dilution) ESP. Hgb, Na, Hct, BUN, urine specific
gravity
fluid deficit (hypovolemia) .....ANSWER.....causes: excessive loss
of fluids/inadequate intake i.e. diarrhea, hemorrhage, sweating,
vomiting, NG output, too much diuretics
manifestations: dry mucous membranes, dry skin, poor skin turgor,
decreased urine output, weight loss, hypotension, tachycardia,
weak/thready pulse, increased lab values (due to high
concentration) ESP. Hgb, Na, Hct, BUN, and urine specific gravity
, Page 4 of 51
a nurse is teaching a client about causes of fluid excess. which
cause, if stated by the client, indicates a need for further
instruction? .....ANSWER.....excessive sweating
a nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of fluid excess.
which manifestations, if stated by the client, indicate education
was successful? .....ANSWER.....dyspnea
JVD
hyponatremia
elevated BP
a nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of fluid excess.
which manifestation, if stated by the client, indicates a need for
further instruction? .....ANSWER.....dry mucous membranes
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure .....ANSWER.....higher
pressure in the vessel pushes fluid into the interstitial space
i.e. heart, liver, and/or kidney failure, too many fluids
EXAM 2: NR 283 / NR283 (LATEST
UPDATES STUDY BUNDLE PACKAGE WITH SOLUTIONS)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
GRADE A | 100% CORRECT (VERIFIED ANSWERS) -
CHAMBERLAIN
intravascular fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....all fluids within
blood vessel-3L.
intracellular fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....the fluid located
inside your cells
interstitial fluid compartment .....ANSWER.....fluid-filled space
between cells and blood vessels (solutes are dissolved in the
fluid)
Anti-diuretic hormone ADH .....ANSWER.....retains water; controls
amount of fluid leaving the body via urine; promotes
reabsorption of water
,Page 2 of 51
aldosterone .....ANSWER.....retains sodium and water; excretes
potassium; reabsorption of sodium and water from the kidney
tubules
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) .....ANSWER.....retains potassium;
excretes sodium and water
Osmosis .....ANSWER.....movement of water from low solute
concentration (ISF) to high pressure (blood)
movement of fluid from the interstitial space to the capillary
filtration .....ANSWER.....movement of water and solutes from
blood (high pressure) to ISF (low pressure area)
movement of fluid from the capillary to the interstitial space
hydrostatic pressure .....ANSWER.....the "pushing" force
osmotic pressure .....ANSWER.....the "pulling" force
,Page 3 of 51
fluid excess (hypervolemia) .....ANSWER.....causes: kidney, liver,
heart failure; too much fluids, increased Na intake, blood
transfusions, endocrine disorders
manifestations: SOB- Pt c/o dyspnea, increased urine output,
hypertension, bounding pulse, JVD, shiny skin, moist mucous
membranes, weight gain, edema, tachycardia, decreased lab
values (due to dilution) ESP. Hgb, Na, Hct, BUN, urine specific
gravity
fluid deficit (hypovolemia) .....ANSWER.....causes: excessive loss
of fluids/inadequate intake i.e. diarrhea, hemorrhage, sweating,
vomiting, NG output, too much diuretics
manifestations: dry mucous membranes, dry skin, poor skin turgor,
decreased urine output, weight loss, hypotension, tachycardia,
weak/thready pulse, increased lab values (due to high
concentration) ESP. Hgb, Na, Hct, BUN, and urine specific gravity
, Page 4 of 51
a nurse is teaching a client about causes of fluid excess. which
cause, if stated by the client, indicates a need for further
instruction? .....ANSWER.....excessive sweating
a nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of fluid excess.
which manifestations, if stated by the client, indicate education
was successful? .....ANSWER.....dyspnea
JVD
hyponatremia
elevated BP
a nurse is teaching a client about manifestations of fluid excess.
which manifestation, if stated by the client, indicates a need for
further instruction? .....ANSWER.....dry mucous membranes
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure .....ANSWER.....higher
pressure in the vessel pushes fluid into the interstitial space
i.e. heart, liver, and/or kidney failure, too many fluids
