BASIC WILDLAND FIREFIGHTING TRAINING
ELITE REVIEW STUDY GUIDE SUMMARY WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS FOR 2026 SUCCESS
◉Flanking Fire Suppression . Answer: Attacking a fire by working along
the flanks either simultaneously or successively from a less active or
anchor point and endeavoring to connect two lines at the head
◉Grass Fire . Answer: Is any fire in which the predominant fuel is grass
or grass-like.
◉Head of a fire . Answer: The most rapidly spreading portion of a fire's
perimeter, usually to the leeward or up slope
◉Flash Fuels . Answer: Highly combustible fine fuels such as grass,
leaves, draped pine needles, fern, tree moss and some kinds of slash,
which ignite readily and are consumed rapidly when dry.
◉Rear of a fire . Answer: That portion of a fire spreading directly into
the wind or down slope; that portion of a fire edge opposite the head;
slowest spreading portion of a fire edge; also called heel of a fire.
,◉Three elements of the fire triangle. . Answer: Fuel, Air, Heat.
Fuel (to burn); Air (to supply oxygen for the flame); Heat (to start &
continue the combustion process)
◉Three methods of heat transfer. . Answer: Radiation, Convection,
Conduction.
◉Radiation . Answer: Think of radiant heat as a ray or wave. Example:
Radiant heat warms you as you stand close to a campfire or in the
sunlight.
Radiant heat can dry surrounding fuels and sometimes ignite them
◉Convection . Answer: Think of convection as a smoke column above a
fire. Convection occurs when lighter warm air moves upward. The hot
gases and embers, which compose the smoke column, can dry and ignite
other fuels.
◉Conduction . Answer: Heat is moved from one fuel source to another
through direct contact.
◉6 (major) Fuel Types . Answer: • Grass
, • Grass - Shrub
• Shrub
• Timber - Understory
• Timber Litter
• Slash - Blowdown
◉A simple definition of FUEL is any burnable (combustible) material. .
Answer: Such as: live and/or dead plant material.
Houses, sheds, etc., can also be fuels.
Fuels are a source of energy that drives the fire.
◉Ground Fuels - all combustible materials lying beneath the surface. .
Answer: • Deep duff
• Tree roots
• Rotten buried logs, other organic material.
◉Surface Fuels - all combustible materials lying on or immediately
above the ground. . Answer: • Needles or Leaves
• Duff (decayed organic matter on the forest floor)
• Grass
• Small dead wood
ELITE REVIEW STUDY GUIDE SUMMARY WITH
SOLVED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS FOR 2026 SUCCESS
◉Flanking Fire Suppression . Answer: Attacking a fire by working along
the flanks either simultaneously or successively from a less active or
anchor point and endeavoring to connect two lines at the head
◉Grass Fire . Answer: Is any fire in which the predominant fuel is grass
or grass-like.
◉Head of a fire . Answer: The most rapidly spreading portion of a fire's
perimeter, usually to the leeward or up slope
◉Flash Fuels . Answer: Highly combustible fine fuels such as grass,
leaves, draped pine needles, fern, tree moss and some kinds of slash,
which ignite readily and are consumed rapidly when dry.
◉Rear of a fire . Answer: That portion of a fire spreading directly into
the wind or down slope; that portion of a fire edge opposite the head;
slowest spreading portion of a fire edge; also called heel of a fire.
,◉Three elements of the fire triangle. . Answer: Fuel, Air, Heat.
Fuel (to burn); Air (to supply oxygen for the flame); Heat (to start &
continue the combustion process)
◉Three methods of heat transfer. . Answer: Radiation, Convection,
Conduction.
◉Radiation . Answer: Think of radiant heat as a ray or wave. Example:
Radiant heat warms you as you stand close to a campfire or in the
sunlight.
Radiant heat can dry surrounding fuels and sometimes ignite them
◉Convection . Answer: Think of convection as a smoke column above a
fire. Convection occurs when lighter warm air moves upward. The hot
gases and embers, which compose the smoke column, can dry and ignite
other fuels.
◉Conduction . Answer: Heat is moved from one fuel source to another
through direct contact.
◉6 (major) Fuel Types . Answer: • Grass
, • Grass - Shrub
• Shrub
• Timber - Understory
• Timber Litter
• Slash - Blowdown
◉A simple definition of FUEL is any burnable (combustible) material. .
Answer: Such as: live and/or dead plant material.
Houses, sheds, etc., can also be fuels.
Fuels are a source of energy that drives the fire.
◉Ground Fuels - all combustible materials lying beneath the surface. .
Answer: • Deep duff
• Tree roots
• Rotten buried logs, other organic material.
◉Surface Fuels - all combustible materials lying on or immediately
above the ground. . Answer: • Needles or Leaves
• Duff (decayed organic matter on the forest floor)
• Grass
• Small dead wood
