NUR 303 Exam #2 Blueprint: Client Safety and Care

1. The nurse is teaching a client with angina who is prescribed sublingual tablets. The nurse would instruct the client to use a tablet at which frequency when experiencing an acute attack? - ANSWER every 5 min 2. Which would be most important to include when teaching a patient about using psyllium? - ANSWER taking the agent with a large amount of water 3. A client who has been suffering from repeated sinus infections is diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and prescribed a daily antihistamine. What is the mechanism of action in the antihistamine medications? - ANSWER it prevents histamine from acting on target tissues 4. A client has requested an oral antiemetic to control motion sickness on an upcoming flight. While explaining proper use of the drug, the nurse should recommend that the client take the drug: - ANSWER 30min prior to the flight 5. A client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription of warfarin. Which statement indicates successful client teaching? - ANSWER I will avoid herbal remedies 6. A female client has used long-acting nitroglycerin pills, which the health care provider prescribed at a dosage of twice per day, for the last 6 months. She contacts the provider's office and states that the medication is not working as well as when she started taking the medication. What would be most appropriate nursing action? - ANSWER ask the client how she is currently taking the medication so that you can determine whether she is taking medication properly 7. A client is being discharged home with a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. The nurse will instruct the client and family to do which? - ANSWER keep the tablets in the original dark bottle 8. The client has been prescribed a nitroglycerin patch for anginal pain. The nurse is teaching the client about safe and proper use of nitroglycerin patch. What should the nurse caution the client to avoid? - ANSWER alcoholic beverages 9. A client has been prescribed intravenous heparin. What laboratory value will the nurse prioritize when providing care for this client? - ANSWER aPTT 10. A client is using psyllium hydrophilic muciloid to promote evacuation of stool. What is the action of this medication? - ANSWER it increases mass and water content of stool, promoting evacuation 11. After teaching a group of students about loop diuretics, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the students identify which agent as the safest for use in the home? - ANSWER furosemide 12. Which is an appropriate intervention for a side effect of urinary antispasmodic medication? - ANSWER suck on ice or hard candy to treat dry mouth 13. An obese client who has an elevated triglyceride level and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is seen by the primary health care provider. What do these data suggest in this client? - ANSWER the development of metabolic syndrome 14. Pantoprazole is used for - ANSWER inhibits acid secretion 15. When is the most appropriate time to administer an antacid? - ANSWER * 1 hour before • 2 hours after a meal • before bedtime 16. Which laxative is used for endoscopy prep - ANSWER polyethylene glycol (evacuates the colon) 17. What is the likely side effect for a chemical stimulant laxative? - ANSWER abdominal cramping 18. First-line antiemetic for treatment of nausea and vomiting postoperatively - ANSWER Ondansetron/zofran 19. Food you should avoid while taking verapamil - ANSWER grapefruit juice 20. Priority teaching for a client taking a sustained-release anti-hypertensive drug - ANSWER swallow hole, do not chew or crush 21. Nitroprusside - ANSWER decreases blood pressure 22. How do we help people with hypertension? - ANSWER lifestyle changes, medication compliance, monitoring drug effect 23. Which herb should the client taking digoxin avoid? - ANSWER ginseng 24. The priority goal for a client with arrhythmia - ANSWER maintain cardiac output 25. How to use nitro tabs safely - ANSWER Place under or beside tongue, cheek, LET DISSOLVE Take one - wait 5 minutes Take another one- wait 5 minutes Take the LAST one- if not gone, then seek medical attention 26. Beta-blockers cause what in asthmatics - ANSWER bronchospasm 27. What lab tests monitor warfarin - ANSWER PT/INR 28. What is the antidote for warfarin? - ANSWER vitamin K 29. People taking a diuretic should - ANSWER take daily weights and report changes 30. Patients on spironolactone - ANSWER avoid potassium 31. Ways to know that your urinary anti-infective has been effective (think subjective and objective) - ANSWER * lab work/diminishing s/s of infection • urine is no longer cloudy 32. What directions would you provide a person for using a metered dose inhaler? - ANSWER *Rinse mouth *Shake it *Deep breathe exhale and then *breathe in and press it *Hold within 10seconds *Wait 1min before the next puff 33. What do statin drugs do? - ANSWER decrease serum cholesterol and LDL levels 34. Antidote for digoxin - ANSWER digoxin 35. Antidote for heparin - ANSWER protamine sulfate 36. People on furosemide should - ANSWER increased potassium 37. People on phenazopyridine will have urine turn what color? - ANSWER reddish orange 38. A patient with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine. The nurse instructs the patient to suck on a sugarless hard candy to prevent which condition? - ANSWER dryness of the oral mucosa and the throat 39. When describing the possible adverse effects associated with nitroglycerin, what would the nurse include? - ANSWER dizziness 40. A nurse is caring for a client with pseudomembranous colitis. The health care provider has prescribed loperamide HCI to the client. How does the nurse know that the drug has been effective? - ANSWER diarrhea is resolved 41. A client reports experiencing severe nasal congestion since starting to use an over-the-counter nasal decongestant spray a week ago. This symptomology most supports what possible medical condition? - ANSWER rebound congestion 42. Which is an example of a loop diuretic? - ANSWER furosemide (lasix) 43. An ED nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving furosemide for treatment of pulmonary edema. What will the nurse monitor to observe for adverse effects of the drug? - ANSWER potassium levels 44. After teaching a patient about the action of spironolactone, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient states: - ANSWER I need to make sure I don't eat too many high-potassium foods 45. What instruction would be most appropriate for the nurse to give to a patient who is experiencing photosensitivity related to antiemetic therapy? - ANSWER use protective sunscreen when outside 46. Mycolytics are often used for patients with cystic fibrosis, COPD, or tuberculosis - ANSWER true 47. During an assessment of a client experiencing diarrhea, which question is appropriate for the nurse in determining the possible cause of the diarrhea? - ANSWER can you tell me what you ate in the last 24 hours 48. What are the most common adverse effects associated with drug therapy? - ANSWER nausea and vomiting 49. A client is taking warfarin to prevent clot formation related to atrial fibrillation. How are the effects of the warfarin monitored? - ANSWER PT and INR 50. The nurse should advise clients taking phenazopyridine that they may notice a change in urine color. Which color would the nurse identify? - ANSWER orange 51. Elevated blood lipids are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and vascular disorders. From where are blood lipids derived? - ANSWER diet 52. A client with constipation is prescribed psyllium. The client asks the nurse how the client should take the medication. What is the nurse's best response? - ANSWER take the medication with 8oz of water 53. A client with a long-standing diagnosis of asthma is prescribed a beta-blocker for the treatment of angina. The nurse should consequently prioritize assessment for what health problem? - ANSWER Bronchospasm 54. An 86-year-old male client who was admitted earlier in the week with thrombophlebitis is being sent home on enoxaparin. Which statement by the client suggests that he understands proper management of this condition and proper use of the drug? - ANSWER the medication will increase my risk of bleeding Which would be most important prior to beginning therapy with a urinary anti-infective agent? - ANSWER obtaining a urine culture and sensitivity test The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing elevated intracranial pressure following neurosurgery. The health care provider orders an osmotic diuretic to reduce pressure. Which medication would the nurse expect to be ordered? - ANSWER Mannitol A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the consequent need for antihyperlipidemic. Treatment of high cholesterol using statins would be contraindicated in which client? - ANSWER an obese male client who is a heavy alcohol user and who has cirrhosis of the liver A 94-year-old client is to begin taking psyllium hydrophilic muciloid daily. What instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching? - ANSWER drink at least 8oz of fluid with the medication What is the nurse's best response when the client who has a confirmed urinary tract infection asks why the nurse is obtaining a urine sample for culture and sensitivity? - ANSWER this test lets the health care provider know what medication will best treat the infection The nurse has just finished client education with a client who is being discharged home on bulk-forming laxatives. The nurse knows the client understands discharge instructions regarding these medications when which statement is made? - ANSWER I will mix the medication with 4-8oz of fluid and follow it by an additional 4-8oz A client is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for treatment of angina. The nurse instructs the client to do what if chest pain occurs? - ANSWER if the chest pain doesn't go away after three tablets are given 5min apart, call 911