1|Page
HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND
NEW!!
A male client with chronic atrial fibrillation and a slow
ventricular response is scheduled for surgical placement of
a permanent pacemaker. The client asks the nurse how
this device will help him. How should the nurse explain
the action of a synchronous pacemaker? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔An electrical stimulus is discharged when no ventricular
response is sensed.
-
The artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic device
used to pace the heart when the normal conduction
pathway is damaged or diseased, such as a symptomatic
dysrhythmias like atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular
response. Pacing modes that are synchronous (impulse
generated on demand or as needed according to the
patient's intrinsic rhythm) send an electrical signal from
,2|Page
the pacemaker to the wall of the myocardium stimulating
it to contract when no ventricular depolarization is sensed.
The nurse is caring for a client with end stage liver disease
who is being assessed for the presence of asterixis. To
assess the client for asterixis, what position should the
nurse ask the client to demonstrate? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔Extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the
fingers.
-
Asterixis (flapping tremor, liver flap) is a hand-flapping
tremor that is often seen frequently in hepatic
encephalopathy. The tremor is induced by extending the
arm and dorsiflexing the wrist causing rapid, non-
rhythmic extension and flexion of the wrist while
attempting to hold position.
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client with
chronic prostatitis. What instruction should the nurse
provide the client to reduce the risk of spreading the
infection to other areas of the client's urinary tract? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Have intercourse or masturbate at least
twice a week.
-
,3|Page
The prostate is not easily penetrated by antibiotics and can
serve as a reservoir for microorganisms, which can infect
other areas of the genitourinary tract. Draining the
prostate regularly through intercourse or masturbation
decreases the number of microorganisms present and
reduces the risk for further infection from stored
contaminated seminal fluids.
Which action should the nurse implement on the
scheduled day of surgery for a client with type 1 diabetes
mellitus (DM)? - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Obtain a prescription
for an adjusted dose of insulin.
-
Stressors, such as surgery, increase serum glucose levels. A
client with type 1 DM who is NPO for scheduled surgery
should receive a prescribed adjusted dose of insulin.
A client with osteoarthritis receives a prescription for
Naproxen (Naprosyn). Which potential side effect should
the nurse provide to the client about this medication? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Gastrointestinal disturbance.
-
, 4|Page
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as naproxen can
have gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and
gastric burning. It is recommended that this drug be taken
with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset.
The nurse is caring for a male client who had an inguinal
herniorrhaphy 3 hours ago. The nurse determines the
client's lower abdomen is distended and assesses dullness
to percussion. What is the priority nursing action? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Determine the time the client last voided.
-
Swelling at the surgical site in the immediate postoperative
period can impact the bladder and prostate area causing
the client to experience difficulty voiding due to pressure
on the urethra. To provide additional data supporting
bladder distention, the last time the client voided should
be determined next.
When teaching a client with breast cancer about the
prescribed radiation therapy for treatment, what
information is important to include? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔Dry, itchy skin changes may occur.
-
HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND
NEW!!
A male client with chronic atrial fibrillation and a slow
ventricular response is scheduled for surgical placement of
a permanent pacemaker. The client asks the nurse how
this device will help him. How should the nurse explain
the action of a synchronous pacemaker? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔An electrical stimulus is discharged when no ventricular
response is sensed.
-
The artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic device
used to pace the heart when the normal conduction
pathway is damaged or diseased, such as a symptomatic
dysrhythmias like atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular
response. Pacing modes that are synchronous (impulse
generated on demand or as needed according to the
patient's intrinsic rhythm) send an electrical signal from
,2|Page
the pacemaker to the wall of the myocardium stimulating
it to contract when no ventricular depolarization is sensed.
The nurse is caring for a client with end stage liver disease
who is being assessed for the presence of asterixis. To
assess the client for asterixis, what position should the
nurse ask the client to demonstrate? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔Extend the arm, dorsiflex the wrist, and extend the
fingers.
-
Asterixis (flapping tremor, liver flap) is a hand-flapping
tremor that is often seen frequently in hepatic
encephalopathy. The tremor is induced by extending the
arm and dorsiflexing the wrist causing rapid, non-
rhythmic extension and flexion of the wrist while
attempting to hold position.
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client with
chronic prostatitis. What instruction should the nurse
provide the client to reduce the risk of spreading the
infection to other areas of the client's urinary tract? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Have intercourse or masturbate at least
twice a week.
-
,3|Page
The prostate is not easily penetrated by antibiotics and can
serve as a reservoir for microorganisms, which can infect
other areas of the genitourinary tract. Draining the
prostate regularly through intercourse or masturbation
decreases the number of microorganisms present and
reduces the risk for further infection from stored
contaminated seminal fluids.
Which action should the nurse implement on the
scheduled day of surgery for a client with type 1 diabetes
mellitus (DM)? - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Obtain a prescription
for an adjusted dose of insulin.
-
Stressors, such as surgery, increase serum glucose levels. A
client with type 1 DM who is NPO for scheduled surgery
should receive a prescribed adjusted dose of insulin.
A client with osteoarthritis receives a prescription for
Naproxen (Naprosyn). Which potential side effect should
the nurse provide to the client about this medication? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Gastrointestinal disturbance.
-
, 4|Page
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as naproxen can
have gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and
gastric burning. It is recommended that this drug be taken
with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset.
The nurse is caring for a male client who had an inguinal
herniorrhaphy 3 hours ago. The nurse determines the
client's lower abdomen is distended and assesses dullness
to percussion. What is the priority nursing action? - . .
ANSWER ✔ ✔Determine the time the client last voided.
-
Swelling at the surgical site in the immediate postoperative
period can impact the bladder and prostate area causing
the client to experience difficulty voiding due to pressure
on the urethra. To provide additional data supporting
bladder distention, the last time the client voided should
be determined next.
When teaching a client with breast cancer about the
prescribed radiation therapy for treatment, what
information is important to include? - . . ANSWER ✔
✔Dry, itchy skin changes may occur.
-
