Portage Learning A&P II: Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions
/.This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system.
Ganglia
/.This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
/.The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Motor (Efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
/.An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
Central nervous system
/.Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory
vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
/.An afferent neuron carries information:
From the peripheral to the central nervous system
/.What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and are part of the CNS
, /.A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached
during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb?
Why or why not?
Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through axonal
regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
/.Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2
of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
Depolarization: The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon during the
depolarization phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
/.At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
-70mV
/.Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
/.True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This
means that the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain your
reasoning.
False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and number of nuerons
activated change the increase in intensity.
/.Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential in the
muscle fiber.
/.How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases neurotransmitters into
the synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with receptor that carry the message to the
dendrite of the next neuron, and the process begins again.
Complete Solutions
/.This is a collection of cell bodies found in the peripheral nervous system.
Ganglia
/.This part of the autonomic system increases digestion.
Parasympathetic
/.The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons?
Motor (Efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Axon
/.An interneuron inside the spinal cord is part of the:
Central nervous system
/.Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters.
The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secretory
vesicles at the end of axon terminals.
/.An afferent neuron carries information:
From the peripheral to the central nervous system
/.What is the location and function of Astrocytes?
Astrocytes form the blood/brain barrier, are found in the brain, and are part of the CNS
, /.A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached
during surgery. Would the patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb?
Why or why not?
Yes; Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through axonal
regeneration because of the growth of Schwann cells ahead of the axon.
/.Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 2
of the diagram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase.
Depolarization: The sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the axon during the
depolarization phase of the action potential.
Voltage travels past zero and then on up to +40 mV.
/.At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
-70mV
/.Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane.
/.True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of a light touch. This
means that the strength of the action potential is weaker than usual. Explain your
reasoning.
False. The action potential is always the same. The frequency and number of nuerons
activated change the increase in intensity.
/.Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular
junction?
Ach is released from the presynaptic motor neuron to cause an action potential in the
muscle fiber.
/.How is a message sent from one neuron to another?
A signal travels from the cell body through the axon and releases neurotransmitters into
the synapse. These nuerotransmitters bind with receptor that carry the message to the
dendrite of the next neuron, and the process begins again.
