CHEMISTRY CLS REVIEW ASCP – Questions &
Correct Answers
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Terms in this set (130)
What is TDM? Therapeutic drug monitoring.
To indicate how much of the drug has been ABSORBED,
What is TDM used for?
DISTRIBUTED, METABOLIZED, ELIMINATED.
Pharmacokinetics= What the body does to the drug.
What is pharmacokinetics
It is affected by THE DISEASE STATE, CO-MEDICATION,
and what is it affected by?
PATIENT'S AGE, AND PATIENT'S SEX.
What defines the The MEC (Minimum Effective Concentration) and the
therapeutic range? MTC (Minimum Toxic Concentration).
What is a trough It is the lowest concentration achieved just before the
concentration of a administration of the next dose. This value should be
therapeutic drug? below the MEC (Minimum Effective Concentration).
What is a peak It is the highest concentration in the dosing cycle. This
concentration of a value should never be above the MTC (Minimum Toxic
therapeutic drug? Concentration).
This is the point in the dosing cycle where equilibrium
What is the steady-state of occurs between the administration and elimination of
a therapeutic drug? the drug. This occurs roughly 5 drug half-lives after the
initial dose.
The amount of drug given compared to the amount of
What is bioavailability of a
drug absorbed. This is usually expressed as a
therapeutic drug?
percentage.
What is the most direct I.V. delivery.
route for administration of a
therapeutic drug?
Why can oral delivery of a CONDITION OF DIGESTIVE FLUIDS, pH
therapeutic drug cause DEPENDENCIES, CELL MEMBRANE ISSUES, CO-
complications with drug MEDICATIONS, DISEASE STATES OF THE G.I. TRACT.
absorption?
, What can impact the The Drug's MOLECULAR SIZE, DEGREE OF
distribution of a therapeutic IONIZATION, LIPID SOLUBILITY, EXTENT OF PROTEIN
drug within the body? BINDING, AND the patient's BODY COMPOSITION.
What protein tends to bind Albumin.
to acidic drugs?
What protein tends to bind Globulins, such as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein or
to basic drugs? lipoproteins.
An equilibrium exists The amount of unbound drug or free drug in the serum.
between the amount of
protein bound drug and
what?
Drug metabolism is Enzymatic activity.
typically the result of what?
Where do you find the LIVER, GI TRACT, AND KIDNEYS
enzymes for drug
metabolism?
This is when the drug concentrations are much less than
What is first order drug
the metabolic capacity. Eventually, the drug will be fully
metabolism?
metabolized.
What is zero order drug This is when drug concentrations exceed the metabolic
metabolism? capacity. The drug will never be fully metabolized.
What is elimination of a It is the clearance of the drug from the body.
drug?
What are the routes of drug URINE, STOOL, BREAST MILK, SWEAT, AND HAIR.
elimination?
No, the correlation between urine and serum
Is urine a good tool for
therapeutic drug testing is very poor. This is due to
measuring therapeutic drug
patient hydration status, urine pH, and circadian
levels?
fluctuation in renal function.
What type of medication is Antiepileptics.
used to treat seizures by
augmenting the inhibitory
processes?
These drugs enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid
How do antiepileptics (GABA)-mediated neurotransmissions or inhibit the
work? excitatory processes in the brain. Some of these may
also be used as sedatives.
Correct Answers
Save
Terms in this set (130)
What is TDM? Therapeutic drug monitoring.
To indicate how much of the drug has been ABSORBED,
What is TDM used for?
DISTRIBUTED, METABOLIZED, ELIMINATED.
Pharmacokinetics= What the body does to the drug.
What is pharmacokinetics
It is affected by THE DISEASE STATE, CO-MEDICATION,
and what is it affected by?
PATIENT'S AGE, AND PATIENT'S SEX.
What defines the The MEC (Minimum Effective Concentration) and the
therapeutic range? MTC (Minimum Toxic Concentration).
What is a trough It is the lowest concentration achieved just before the
concentration of a administration of the next dose. This value should be
therapeutic drug? below the MEC (Minimum Effective Concentration).
What is a peak It is the highest concentration in the dosing cycle. This
concentration of a value should never be above the MTC (Minimum Toxic
therapeutic drug? Concentration).
This is the point in the dosing cycle where equilibrium
What is the steady-state of occurs between the administration and elimination of
a therapeutic drug? the drug. This occurs roughly 5 drug half-lives after the
initial dose.
The amount of drug given compared to the amount of
What is bioavailability of a
drug absorbed. This is usually expressed as a
therapeutic drug?
percentage.
What is the most direct I.V. delivery.
route for administration of a
therapeutic drug?
Why can oral delivery of a CONDITION OF DIGESTIVE FLUIDS, pH
therapeutic drug cause DEPENDENCIES, CELL MEMBRANE ISSUES, CO-
complications with drug MEDICATIONS, DISEASE STATES OF THE G.I. TRACT.
absorption?
, What can impact the The Drug's MOLECULAR SIZE, DEGREE OF
distribution of a therapeutic IONIZATION, LIPID SOLUBILITY, EXTENT OF PROTEIN
drug within the body? BINDING, AND the patient's BODY COMPOSITION.
What protein tends to bind Albumin.
to acidic drugs?
What protein tends to bind Globulins, such as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein or
to basic drugs? lipoproteins.
An equilibrium exists The amount of unbound drug or free drug in the serum.
between the amount of
protein bound drug and
what?
Drug metabolism is Enzymatic activity.
typically the result of what?
Where do you find the LIVER, GI TRACT, AND KIDNEYS
enzymes for drug
metabolism?
This is when the drug concentrations are much less than
What is first order drug
the metabolic capacity. Eventually, the drug will be fully
metabolism?
metabolized.
What is zero order drug This is when drug concentrations exceed the metabolic
metabolism? capacity. The drug will never be fully metabolized.
What is elimination of a It is the clearance of the drug from the body.
drug?
What are the routes of drug URINE, STOOL, BREAST MILK, SWEAT, AND HAIR.
elimination?
No, the correlation between urine and serum
Is urine a good tool for
therapeutic drug testing is very poor. This is due to
measuring therapeutic drug
patient hydration status, urine pH, and circadian
levels?
fluctuation in renal function.
What type of medication is Antiepileptics.
used to treat seizures by
augmenting the inhibitory
processes?
These drugs enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid
How do antiepileptics (GABA)-mediated neurotransmissions or inhibit the
work? excitatory processes in the brain. Some of these may
also be used as sedatives.
