NURSING: A CONCEPT-BASED APPROACH TO LEARNING, 2E (PEARSON)
MODULE 6 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
The cConcept cof cFluids cand cElectrolytes
1) cThe cnurse con ca cmedical-surgical cunit ccompletes cthe cshift cassessment cfor ca cclient
cdiagnosed cwith ca cmultisystem cfluid cvolume cdeficit cand cdocuments cthat cthe cclient cis
cexperiencing cthe cfollowing csymptoms: ctachycardia; cpale, ccool cskin; cand ca cdecreased curine
coutput. cThe cnurse cknows cthat cthese csymptoms care ccaused cby:
A) cThe cbody's cnatural ccompensatory cmechanisms.
B) cCardiac cfailure.
C) cPharmacological ceffects cof ca cdiuretic.
D) cEffects cof crapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids.
Answer: c cA
Explanation: c cA) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care
cresponsible cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid
cinternally cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs,
cand cis ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin
curine coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis
cclient.
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Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
,B) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
C) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
D) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
Page cRef: c339-340
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c1. cSummarize cthe cphysiology cof cthe cvarious cbody csystems cinvolved cin
cthe cmaintenance cof cfluid cand celectrolyte cbalance.
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Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
,2) cThe cnurse cis ccaring cfor ca cclient cwho cis c3 cdays cpostoperative cfollowing can cemergency
cappendectomy. cThe cnurse cis creviewing cthe cclient's clab cvalues cand cnotes cthat cthe cclient's
ccalcium clevels chave cincreased csince cbefore csurgery. cWhich cintervention cshould cthe cnurse
cimplement cto cdecrease cthe cclient's cpossibility cof cdeveloping chypercalcemia?
A) cMeasure cvital csigns cevery c8 chours.
B) cAssist cthe cclient cto cambulate caround cthe croom cat cleast cthree ctimes cdaily.
C) cIrrigate cthe cclient's cFoley ccatheter cdaily.
D) cAssist cthe cclient cto cturn, ccough, cand cdeep cbreathe cevery c2 chours.
Answer: c cB
Explanation: c cA) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient
chelps cto cprevent cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother
coptions cis crelated cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
B) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
C) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
D) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
Page cRef: c341
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c2. cExamine cthe crelationship cbetween cfluid cand celectrolyte cbalance cand
cother cconcepts.
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Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
, 3) cThe cnurse cis creviewing cthe clab cvalues cfor ca cclient cbeing ccared cfor con cthe cunit. cThe
cclient's cphosphorus clevel cis c2.0 cmg/dL. cThe cnurse cis cplanning ccare cfor cthis cclient. cWhich
cnursing cintervention cwould caddress cthis cclient's cphosphorus clevel?
A) cEnforce ccontact cprecautions.
B) cEncourage cconsumption cof ca chigh-calorie ccarbohydrate cdiet.
C) cStrain call curine.
D) cEncourage cconsumption cof cmilk cand cyogurt.
Answer: c cD
Explanation: c cA) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional
cdietary cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood
cway cto cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace
cthis cclient con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor
cto cstrain call curine.
B) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
C) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
D) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
Page cRef: c342
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c3. cIdentify ccommonly coccurring calterations cin cfluid cand celectrolyte
cbalance cand ctheir crelated ctherapies.
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Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
MODULE 6 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
The cConcept cof cFluids cand cElectrolytes
1) cThe cnurse con ca cmedical-surgical cunit ccompletes cthe cshift cassessment cfor ca cclient
cdiagnosed cwith ca cmultisystem cfluid cvolume cdeficit cand cdocuments cthat cthe cclient cis
cexperiencing cthe cfollowing csymptoms: ctachycardia; cpale, ccool cskin; cand ca cdecreased curine
coutput. cThe cnurse cknows cthat cthese csymptoms care ccaused cby:
A) cThe cbody's cnatural ccompensatory cmechanisms.
B) cCardiac cfailure.
C) cPharmacological ceffects cof ca cdiuretic.
D) cEffects cof crapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids.
Answer: c cA
Explanation: c cA) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care
cresponsible cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid
cinternally cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs,
cand cis ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin
curine coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis
cclient.
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Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
,B) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
C) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
D) cThe cinternal cvasoconstrictive ccompensatory creactions cwithin cthe cbody care cresponsible
cfor cthe csymptoms cexhibited. cThe cbody cnaturally cattempts cto cconserve cfluid cinternally
cspecifically cfor cthe cbrain cand cheart. cA cdiuretic cwould ccause cfurther cfluid closs, cand cis
ccontraindicated. cRapidly cinfused cintravenous cfluids cwould cnot ccause ca cdecrease cin curine
coutput. cThe cmanifestations creported care cnot cindicative cof ccardiac cfailure cin cthis cclient.
Page cRef: c339-340
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c1. cSummarize cthe cphysiology cof cthe cvarious cbody csystems cinvolved cin
cthe cmaintenance cof cfluid cand celectrolyte cbalance.
2
Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
,2) cThe cnurse cis ccaring cfor ca cclient cwho cis c3 cdays cpostoperative cfollowing can cemergency
cappendectomy. cThe cnurse cis creviewing cthe cclient's clab cvalues cand cnotes cthat cthe cclient's
ccalcium clevels chave cincreased csince cbefore csurgery. cWhich cintervention cshould cthe cnurse
cimplement cto cdecrease cthe cclient's cpossibility cof cdeveloping chypercalcemia?
A) cMeasure cvital csigns cevery c8 chours.
B) cAssist cthe cclient cto cambulate caround cthe croom cat cleast cthree ctimes cdaily.
C) cIrrigate cthe cclient's cFoley ccatheter cdaily.
D) cAssist cthe cclient cto cturn, ccough, cand cdeep cbreathe cevery c2 chours.
Answer: c cB
Explanation: c cA) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient
chelps cto cprevent cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother
coptions cis crelated cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
B) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
C) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
D) cHypercalcemia ccan coccur cfrom cimmobility. cAmbulation cof cthe cclient chelps cto cprevent
cleaching cof ccalcium cfrom cthe cbones cinto cthe cserum. cNone cof cthe cother coptions cis crelated
cto cthe cdevelopment cof chypercalcemia.
Page cRef: c341
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c2. cExamine cthe crelationship cbetween cfluid cand celectrolyte cbalance cand
cother cconcepts.
3
Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
, 3) cThe cnurse cis creviewing cthe clab cvalues cfor ca cclient cbeing ccared cfor con cthe cunit. cThe
cclient's cphosphorus clevel cis c2.0 cmg/dL. cThe cnurse cis cplanning ccare cfor cthis cclient. cWhich
cnursing cintervention cwould caddress cthis cclient's cphosphorus clevel?
A) cEnforce ccontact cprecautions.
B) cEncourage cconsumption cof ca chigh-calorie ccarbohydrate cdiet.
C) cStrain call curine.
D) cEncourage cconsumption cof cmilk cand cyogurt.
Answer: c cD
Explanation: c cA) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional
cdietary cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood
cway cto cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace
cthis cclient con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor
cto cstrain call curine.
B) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
C) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
D) cA cphosphorus clevel cof c2.0 cis clow, cand cthe cclient cwill cneed cadditional cdietary
cphosphorus. cProviding cphosphorus-rich cfoods csuch cas cmilk cand cyogurt cis ca cgood cway cto
cprovide cthat cadditional cphosphorus. cThere cis cno cindication cof cthe cneed cto cplace cthis cclient
con ccontact cprecautions, cto cincrease cthe cclient's ccarbohydrate ccalorie cintake, cor cto cstrain call
curine.
Page cRef: c342
Cognitive cLevel: c cApplying
Client cNeed: c cPhysiological cIntegrity
Nursing cProcess: c cImplementation
Learning cOutcome: c c3. cIdentify ccommonly coccurring calterations cin cfluid cand celectrolyte
cbalance cand ctheir crelated ctherapies.
4
Copyright c© c2015 cPearson cEducation, cInc.
