Page 1 of 66
NLN PAX SCIENCE (LATEST UPDATE )
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADE A | 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
Nucleus .....ANSWER.....contains the genetic information, or DNA,
and controls the activities of the cell.
Plasma (cell) membrane .....ANSWER.....separates the contents of
the cell from the surrounding fluid (interstitial fluid)
Semipermeable membrane .....ANSWER.....refers to the selective
nature of the plasma membrane. It contains pores and channels
that allow only particles of the right size or the right chemical
nature to pass through.
Interstitial fluide .....ANSWER.....contains substances such as amino
acids, sugars, fatty acids, hormones, neurotransmitters, and salts.
,Page 2 of 66
Cytoplasm .....ANSWER.....is the fluid matrix found between the
plasma membrane and the nucleus that acts as scaffolding for
the organelles.
Organelles .....ANSWER.....(little organs) are specialized units in
the cell that per form certain functions.
Mitochondria .....ANSWER.....are the locations for cellular
respiration, that is, the conversion of food to energy at the
cellular level. The site of energy production and of most of its
ATP.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) .....ANSWER.....the chemical the cell
uses to store and transfer energy within itself.
Ribosomes .....ANSWER.....are the sites of protein synthesis in the
cell
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) .....ANSWER.....Ribosomes are
attached. Serves as a means for transport within the cell and is
made up of many channels. Rough endoplasmic reticulum named
,Page 3 of 66
for the fact that it has ribosomes on its surface, serves to store
and deliver the proteins made by the attached ribosomes.
Smooth ER is free of ribosomes it performs varying functions in
different cells, including the storage of enzymes and minerals
and the folding of proteins, among other things. It is thought to
be involved in the detoxification of chemicals and the metabolism
of fats.
Golgi complex .....ANSWER.....modifies and packages proteins
destined for use in the cell or for export from the cell.
Lysosomes .....ANSWER.....are sacs that contain strong digestive
enzymes. These sacs are responsible for digesting cell structures
that are no longer living or that are malfunctioning, and for
digesting waste.
Cell wall .....ANSWER.....Only plant cells have them. It is
responsible for the protection of the cell, the maintenance of the
shape, and water balance.
, Page 4 of 66
Chloroplasts .....ANSWER.....contain chlorophyll, which is
necessary for photosynthesis.
Vacuoles .....ANSWER.....plant cells also often large ones. Which
are compartments in the cytoplasm that act as places for
secretion, excretion, and storage.
Chromatin .....ANSWER.....DNA is in this loosely structured form
when it is not dividing
Chromosomes .....ANSWER.....DNA is seen in condensed rod-
shaped bodies when the cell is dividing
Mitosis .....ANSWER.....When cells divide, the appropriate amount
of genetic material must be passed on to the new, or so-called
daughter, cells. In somatic (non reproductive) cells, the new cells
are identical copies of the parent cells. This is achieved by a
doubling of the chromosomes prior to division. It is useful in the
growth and repair of our bodies.
NLN PAX SCIENCE (LATEST UPDATE )
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADE A | 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
Nucleus .....ANSWER.....contains the genetic information, or DNA,
and controls the activities of the cell.
Plasma (cell) membrane .....ANSWER.....separates the contents of
the cell from the surrounding fluid (interstitial fluid)
Semipermeable membrane .....ANSWER.....refers to the selective
nature of the plasma membrane. It contains pores and channels
that allow only particles of the right size or the right chemical
nature to pass through.
Interstitial fluide .....ANSWER.....contains substances such as amino
acids, sugars, fatty acids, hormones, neurotransmitters, and salts.
,Page 2 of 66
Cytoplasm .....ANSWER.....is the fluid matrix found between the
plasma membrane and the nucleus that acts as scaffolding for
the organelles.
Organelles .....ANSWER.....(little organs) are specialized units in
the cell that per form certain functions.
Mitochondria .....ANSWER.....are the locations for cellular
respiration, that is, the conversion of food to energy at the
cellular level. The site of energy production and of most of its
ATP.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) .....ANSWER.....the chemical the cell
uses to store and transfer energy within itself.
Ribosomes .....ANSWER.....are the sites of protein synthesis in the
cell
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) .....ANSWER.....Ribosomes are
attached. Serves as a means for transport within the cell and is
made up of many channels. Rough endoplasmic reticulum named
,Page 3 of 66
for the fact that it has ribosomes on its surface, serves to store
and deliver the proteins made by the attached ribosomes.
Smooth ER is free of ribosomes it performs varying functions in
different cells, including the storage of enzymes and minerals
and the folding of proteins, among other things. It is thought to
be involved in the detoxification of chemicals and the metabolism
of fats.
Golgi complex .....ANSWER.....modifies and packages proteins
destined for use in the cell or for export from the cell.
Lysosomes .....ANSWER.....are sacs that contain strong digestive
enzymes. These sacs are responsible for digesting cell structures
that are no longer living or that are malfunctioning, and for
digesting waste.
Cell wall .....ANSWER.....Only plant cells have them. It is
responsible for the protection of the cell, the maintenance of the
shape, and water balance.
, Page 4 of 66
Chloroplasts .....ANSWER.....contain chlorophyll, which is
necessary for photosynthesis.
Vacuoles .....ANSWER.....plant cells also often large ones. Which
are compartments in the cytoplasm that act as places for
secretion, excretion, and storage.
Chromatin .....ANSWER.....DNA is in this loosely structured form
when it is not dividing
Chromosomes .....ANSWER.....DNA is seen in condensed rod-
shaped bodies when the cell is dividing
Mitosis .....ANSWER.....When cells divide, the appropriate amount
of genetic material must be passed on to the new, or so-called
daughter, cells. In somatic (non reproductive) cells, the new cells
are identical copies of the parent cells. This is achieved by a
doubling of the chromosomes prior to division. It is useful in the
growth and repair of our bodies.
