CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 14
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
gene idea - answer- the model that says that parents pass on discrete heritable unit-
genes-that retain their separate identities in offspring
Gregor Mendel - answer- Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in
breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science of
genetics (1822-1884)
character - answer- a heritable feature that varies among individuals (color)
trait - answer- specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
(purple)
true-breeding - answer- term used to describe organisms that produce offspring
identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
hybridization - answer- the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or
plants and thus to produce hybrids
P generation - answer- Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a
genetic cross.
F1 generation - answer- the first generation of offspring obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms
F2 generation - answer- the second generation of offspring, obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation
law of segregation - answer- Mendel's first law, stating that each allele in a pair
separates (segregates) into a different gamete during gamete formation.
Mendel's model - answer- 1. Alternative versions of genes account for variations in
inherited characters.
2. For each character an organism inherits two copies of a gene, one from each
parent.
3. If two alleles at the locus differ, then the dominant allele determines the
organism's appearance, the recessive has no noticeable effect.
4. Law of segregation
alleles - answer- alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects
dominant allele - answer- one whose trait always shows up in the organism when the
allele is present
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
gene idea - answer- the model that says that parents pass on discrete heritable unit-
genes-that retain their separate identities in offspring
Gregor Mendel - answer- Augustinian monk and botanist whose experiments in
breeding garden peas led to his eventual recognition as founder of the science of
genetics (1822-1884)
character - answer- a heritable feature that varies among individuals (color)
trait - answer- specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
(purple)
true-breeding - answer- term used to describe organisms that produce offspring
identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
hybridization - answer- the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or
plants and thus to produce hybrids
P generation - answer- Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a
genetic cross.
F1 generation - answer- the first generation of offspring obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms
F2 generation - answer- the second generation of offspring, obtained from an
experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation
law of segregation - answer- Mendel's first law, stating that each allele in a pair
separates (segregates) into a different gamete during gamete formation.
Mendel's model - answer- 1. Alternative versions of genes account for variations in
inherited characters.
2. For each character an organism inherits two copies of a gene, one from each
parent.
3. If two alleles at the locus differ, then the dominant allele determines the
organism's appearance, the recessive has no noticeable effect.
4. Law of segregation
alleles - answer- alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects
dominant allele - answer- one whose trait always shows up in the organism when the
allele is present
