TEST BANK
Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology
Gerald Karp, Janet Iwasa & Wallace Marshall
9th Edition
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
7HVW%DQNIRU.DUS¶V&HOODQG0ROHFXODUBiology 9th Edition Karp
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 3: Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism
Chapter 4: The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane
Chapter 5: Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion
Chapter 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast
Chapter 7: Interactions between Cells and Their Environment
Chapter 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane
Trafficking
Chapter 9: The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility
Chapter 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome
Chapter 11: The Central Dogma: DNA to RNA to Protein
Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression
Chapter 13: DNA Replication and Repair
Chapter 14: Cell Division 6
Chapter 15: Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication between Cells
Chapter 16: Cancer
Chapter 17: The Immune Response
Chapter 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
Package Title: Test Bank
Course Title: Karp9e
Chapter Number: 1
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology
.DUS¶V&HOODQG0ROHFXODU%LRORJ\
WK(GLWLRQ
Question Type: Multiple Choice
1) Who was the first person to name what he thought were single cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
2) The first compound light microscopes were constructed by the end of the sixteenth century. What
characteristic defines a compound microscope?
a) It has a moveable stage.
b) It has multiple lenses.
c) Its lens is double the size of simple microscopes.
d) The lens has two different colors.
e) It has two different light sources.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
3) Who was the first scientist to examine and describe living cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
4) Who is generally credited with the discovery of cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
5) Despite being correct about the first two tenets of the Cell Theory, Schleiden and Schwann made an
error about another central feature of cells. What was their mistaken claim?
a) They believed that all cells were smaller than 2 µ in diameter.
b) They claimed that all cells were exactly the same in every detail.
c) They described cells as immortal.
d) They agreed that cells could arise from noncellular materials.
e) They stated that all cells had nuclei through their entire existence.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
6) Which of the following characteristics is NOT a basic property of cells?
a) Cells carry out a variety of emotional reactions.
b) Cells engage in numerous mechanical activities.
c) Cells generally respond to stimuli.
d) Cells are capable of self-regulation.
e) Cells evolve.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
7) Which of the following statements accurately characterize cells?
a) Cells are highly complex and organized.
b) Cells possess a genetic program and the means to use it.
c) Cells are capable of producing more of themselves.
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
d) Cells acquire and utilize energy.
e) All choices are correct.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
8) The first culture of human cells was begun by George and Martha Gey of Johns Hopkins University in
1951. The cells were obtained from a malignant tumor and named cells after the donor,
.
a) MaLe, Mary Leeds
b) HeLa, Henrietta Lacks
c) Roberts, John Roberts
d) MaLe, Martin Lewis
e) HeLa, Helen Lassiter
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
9) Cells grown in culture, outside the body are described as cells grown .
a) in vivo
b) live
c) in vitro
d) in culturo
e) vivacious
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
10) A high powered microscope that allows cellular organelles to be examined in great detail is called
.
a) a refractive microscope
b) an electron microscope
c) a fluorescence microscope
d) a scanning tunneling microscope
e) a confocal laser scanning microscope
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
11) Which list shows the correct order for cellular complexity from largest to smallest units?
a) organelles, polymers, atoms, complexes, molecules
b) organelles, complexes, polymers, molecules, atoms
c) organelles, molecules, complexes, atoms, polymers
d) organelles, atoms, molecules, complexes, polymers
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
12) The apical ends of intestinal cells face the intestinal channel and have long processes that facilitate the
absorption of nutrients. What is the name of these processes and what cytoskeletal element forms their
internal skeleton?
a) microvilli, microtubules
b) villi, microtubules
c) microvilli, actin filaments
d) villi, actin filaments
e) microvilli, intermediate filaments
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
13) Virtually all chemical changes that take place in cells require , molecules that greatly
increase the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs.
a) DNAs
b) carbohydrates
c) ligands
d) enzymes
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
14) You are conducting an experiment by trying to reproduce the work performed in 1891 by Hans
Driesch, a German embryologist. Working with a fertilized sea urchin egg, you allow it to complete the
first cell division after fertilization. You then carefully separate the two cells of the embryo and allow
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
their development to continue. Based on Driesch's experiment, which result below would you expect to
happen?
a) Both of the cells will die.
b) Both of the cells will develop into complete and normal embryos.
c) One cell will develop into a normal, though smaller, embryo; the other dies.
d) One cell will develop into half an embryo; the other will develop into the other half of the embryo.
e) One cell will develop into a defective embryo and the other will die.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
15) The original cell which arose billions of years ago is referred to by some evolutionary biologists as
the .
a) first universal common ancestor
b) last universal common ancestor
c) evolutionary tree root
d) evolutionary shrub
e) first eukaryote
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
16) What characteristics distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a) Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not.
b) Prokaryotes have relatively little DNA; eukaryotes generally have much more.
c) Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear; prokaryotic chromosomes are circular.
d) Eukaryotic DNA is usually heavily associated with protein to form a nucleoprotein complex called
chromatin, which is not seen in prokaryotic genetic material.
e) All of these are correct.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
17) Which of the following are NOT considered to belong to the Archaea?
a) Methanogens
b) Halophiles
c) Acidophiles
d) Thermophiles
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
e) Eubacteria
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
18) Which of the following are considered to be eukaryotes?
a) amoebae
b) yeast
c) holly
d) starfish
e) all choices are eukaryotic
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
19) The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is present in the , a poorly defined region of the
cell that lacks a boundary membrane to separate it from the surrounding cytoplasm.
a) nucleus
b) chromatic region
c) nucleoid
d) pharmacopeia
e) genetome
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
20) Some bacteria can pass a piece of DNA from a donor bacterial cell to a recipient bacterial cell through
a structure called a pilus. What is this process called?
a) confirmation
b) transduction
c) transformation
d) conjugation
e) fission
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
21) Cyanobacteria are capable of photosynthesis, but many of them also convert nitrogen gas into reduced
forms of nitrogen (such as ammonia) that can be used by cells in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing
organic compounds, including amino acids and nucleotides. This process is called .
a) nitrogen fixation
b) denitrification
c) nitrification
d) respiration
e) ammoniation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
22) The process by which a relatively unspecialized cell becomes highly specialized is called .
a) differentiation
b) determination
c) degeneracy
d) denaturation
e) renaturation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
23) Bacteria often live in complex, multi-species communities, like the layer of plaque that grows on your
teeth; such a community is called .
a) a biotome
b) a microtome
c) a biofilm
d) an anatome
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
24) The rapidity and cost-efficiency of DNA sequencing has made it possible to sequence virtually all of
the genes present in the microbes of a given habitat. This generates a collective genome for that habitat,
which has come to be called .
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
a) a metachron
b) a metagenome
c) a netagenome
d) a megagene
e) an exogenome
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
25) The collection of bacteria that live on and within the human body are being isolated, identified and
characterized; they are referred to as the human . It has been demonstrated that these organisms
differ based upon the age, diet, geography and state of health of the human from which they were
obtained.
a) macrobiome
b) metagenome
c) minibiome
d) microbiome
e) homobiome
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
26) Studies on mice suggest that bacterial species predominating in obese individuals differ from those in
the digestive tracts of lean individuals and that they play a role in weight gain in obese individuals. What
are these bacteria in obese individuals proposed to do that increases weight gain in obese individuals?
a) They make obese mice eat more food.
b) They release chemicals that increase the caloric intake by the mice.
c) The bacteria in obese individuals may release more calories from digested food than their counterparts
in leaner individuals.
d) The bacteria in obese individuals turn the food in the intestines to fat.
e) The bacteria in obese individuals produce gas that makes their hosts obese.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
27) Which of the following is NOT a model organism used for understanding basic processes of life?
a) Mus musculus
b) Drosophila melanogaster
c) Homo sapiens
Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology
Gerald Karp, Janet Iwasa & Wallace Marshall
9th Edition
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
7HVW%DQNIRU.DUS¶V&HOODQG0ROHFXODUBiology 9th Edition Karp
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
Chapter 3: Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism
Chapter 4: The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane
Chapter 5: Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion
Chapter 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast
Chapter 7: Interactions between Cells and Their Environment
Chapter 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane
Trafficking
Chapter 9: The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility
Chapter 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome
Chapter 11: The Central Dogma: DNA to RNA to Protein
Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression
Chapter 13: DNA Replication and Repair
Chapter 14: Cell Division 6
Chapter 15: Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication between Cells
Chapter 16: Cancer
Chapter 17: The Immune Response
Chapter 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
Package Title: Test Bank
Course Title: Karp9e
Chapter Number: 1
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology
.DUS¶V&HOODQG0ROHFXODU%LRORJ\
WK(GLWLRQ
Question Type: Multiple Choice
1) Who was the first person to name what he thought were single cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
2) The first compound light microscopes were constructed by the end of the sixteenth century. What
characteristic defines a compound microscope?
a) It has a moveable stage.
b) It has multiple lenses.
c) Its lens is double the size of simple microscopes.
d) The lens has two different colors.
e) It has two different light sources.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
3) Who was the first scientist to examine and describe living cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
4) Who is generally credited with the discovery of cells?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) Hooke
c) Schleiden
d) Schwann
e) Virchow
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
5) Despite being correct about the first two tenets of the Cell Theory, Schleiden and Schwann made an
error about another central feature of cells. What was their mistaken claim?
a) They believed that all cells were smaller than 2 µ in diameter.
b) They claimed that all cells were exactly the same in every detail.
c) They described cells as immortal.
d) They agreed that cells could arise from noncellular materials.
e) They stated that all cells had nuclei through their entire existence.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Identify the three tenets of cell theory.
Section Reference: Section 1.1 The Discovery of Cells
6) Which of the following characteristics is NOT a basic property of cells?
a) Cells carry out a variety of emotional reactions.
b) Cells engage in numerous mechanical activities.
c) Cells generally respond to stimuli.
d) Cells are capable of self-regulation.
e) Cells evolve.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
7) Which of the following statements accurately characterize cells?
a) Cells are highly complex and organized.
b) Cells possess a genetic program and the means to use it.
c) Cells are capable of producing more of themselves.
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
d) Cells acquire and utilize energy.
e) All choices are correct.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
8) The first culture of human cells was begun by George and Martha Gey of Johns Hopkins University in
1951. The cells were obtained from a malignant tumor and named cells after the donor,
.
a) MaLe, Mary Leeds
b) HeLa, Henrietta Lacks
c) Roberts, John Roberts
d) MaLe, Martin Lewis
e) HeLa, Helen Lassiter
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
9) Cells grown in culture, outside the body are described as cells grown .
a) in vivo
b) live
c) in vitro
d) in culturo
e) vivacious
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
10) A high powered microscope that allows cellular organelles to be examined in great detail is called
.
a) a refractive microscope
b) an electron microscope
c) a fluorescence microscope
d) a scanning tunneling microscope
e) a confocal laser scanning microscope
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
11) Which list shows the correct order for cellular complexity from largest to smallest units?
a) organelles, polymers, atoms, complexes, molecules
b) organelles, complexes, polymers, molecules, atoms
c) organelles, molecules, complexes, atoms, polymers
d) organelles, atoms, molecules, complexes, polymers
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
12) The apical ends of intestinal cells face the intestinal channel and have long processes that facilitate the
absorption of nutrients. What is the name of these processes and what cytoskeletal element forms their
internal skeleton?
a) microvilli, microtubules
b) villi, microtubules
c) microvilli, actin filaments
d) villi, actin filaments
e) microvilli, intermediate filaments
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
13) Virtually all chemical changes that take place in cells require , molecules that greatly
increase the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs.
a) DNAs
b) carbohydrates
c) ligands
d) enzymes
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
14) You are conducting an experiment by trying to reproduce the work performed in 1891 by Hans
Driesch, a German embryologist. Working with a fertilized sea urchin egg, you allow it to complete the
first cell division after fertilization. You then carefully separate the two cells of the embryo and allow
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
their development to continue. Based on Driesch's experiment, which result below would you expect to
happen?
a) Both of the cells will die.
b) Both of the cells will develop into complete and normal embryos.
c) One cell will develop into a normal, though smaller, embryo; the other dies.
d) One cell will develop into half an embryo; the other will develop into the other half of the embryo.
e) One cell will develop into a defective embryo and the other will die.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
15) The original cell which arose billions of years ago is referred to by some evolutionary biologists as
the .
a) first universal common ancestor
b) last universal common ancestor
c) evolutionary tree root
d) evolutionary shrub
e) first eukaryote
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain the importance of the fundamental properties shared by all cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.2 Basic Properties of Cells
16) What characteristics distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a) Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not.
b) Prokaryotes have relatively little DNA; eukaryotes generally have much more.
c) Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear; prokaryotic chromosomes are circular.
d) Eukaryotic DNA is usually heavily associated with protein to form a nucleoprotein complex called
chromatin, which is not seen in prokaryotic genetic material.
e) All of these are correct.
Answer: e
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
17) Which of the following are NOT considered to belong to the Archaea?
a) Methanogens
b) Halophiles
c) Acidophiles
d) Thermophiles
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
e) Eubacteria
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
18) Which of the following are considered to be eukaryotes?
a) amoebae
b) yeast
c) holly
d) starfish
e) all choices are eukaryotic
Answer: e
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
19) The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is present in the , a poorly defined region of the
cell that lacks a boundary membrane to separate it from the surrounding cytoplasm.
a) nucleus
b) chromatic region
c) nucleoid
d) pharmacopeia
e) genetome
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
20) Some bacteria can pass a piece of DNA from a donor bacterial cell to a recipient bacterial cell through
a structure called a pilus. What is this process called?
a) confirmation
b) transduction
c) transformation
d) conjugation
e) fission
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
21) Cyanobacteria are capable of photosynthesis, but many of them also convert nitrogen gas into reduced
forms of nitrogen (such as ammonia) that can be used by cells in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing
organic compounds, including amino acids and nucleotides. This process is called .
a) nitrogen fixation
b) denitrification
c) nitrification
d) respiration
e) ammoniation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
22) The process by which a relatively unspecialized cell becomes highly specialized is called .
a) differentiation
b) determination
c) degeneracy
d) denaturation
e) renaturation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
23) Bacteria often live in complex, multi-species communities, like the layer of plaque that grows on your
teeth; such a community is called .
a) a biotome
b) a microtome
c) a biofilm
d) an anatome
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
24) The rapidity and cost-efficiency of DNA sequencing has made it possible to sequence virtually all of
the genes present in the microbes of a given habitat. This generates a collective genome for that habitat,
which has come to be called .
, Karp's Cell and Molecular Biology 9th Edition TEST BANK
a) a metachron
b) a metagenome
c) a netagenome
d) a megagene
e) an exogenome
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
25) The collection of bacteria that live on and within the human body are being isolated, identified and
characterized; they are referred to as the human . It has been demonstrated that these organisms
differ based upon the age, diet, geography and state of health of the human from which they were
obtained.
a) macrobiome
b) metagenome
c) minibiome
d) microbiome
e) homobiome
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
26) Studies on mice suggest that bacterial species predominating in obese individuals differ from those in
the digestive tracts of lean individuals and that they play a role in weight gain in obese individuals. What
are these bacteria in obese individuals proposed to do that increases weight gain in obese individuals?
a) They make obese mice eat more food.
b) They release chemicals that increase the caloric intake by the mice.
c) The bacteria in obese individuals may release more calories from digested food than their counterparts
in leaner individuals.
d) The bacteria in obese individuals turn the food in the intestines to fat.
e) The bacteria in obese individuals produce gas that makes their hosts obese.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Compare the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section Reference: Section 1.3 Two Fundamentally Different Classes of Cells
27) Which of the following is NOT a model organism used for understanding basic processes of life?
a) Mus musculus
b) Drosophila melanogaster
c) Homo sapiens
