Campbell Biology Chapter 16 Exam A+
Pass Verified
Watson and Crick - Answer- discovered the structure of DNA as double helix in 1953
based off of the x-ray images taken by Franklin
DNA replication - Answer- process by which DNA is copied in a cell before a cell divides
by mitosis, meiosis, or binary fission; must start from the 3' end of the parent strand
working its way down to the 5' end
Chargaff's rules - Answer- A=T and C=G
double helix - Answer- twisted-ladder shape of DNA, formed by two nucleotide strands
twisted around each other
antiparallel - Answer- parallel, but running in opposite directions. The 5' end of one
strand of DNA aligns with the 3' end of the other strand in a double-helix.
semiconservative model - Answer- the replicated double helix consists of one old
strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly made strand; this is the model we
use
origin of replication - Answer- site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins,
consisting of a specific sequence of nucleotides that can repeatedly be found at multiple
places in the strands
replication fork - Answer- Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new
strands are growing
helicase - Answer- an enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks,
separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands
primer - Answer- a short stretch of RNA with a free 3' end, bound by complementary
base pairing to the template strand, new DNA nucleotides are added to this during DNA
replication
DNA polymerase - Answer- Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual
nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
leading strand - Answer- the new complementary DNA strand synthesized continuously
along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction
lagging strand - Answer- The strand that is synthesized in fragments using individual
sections called Okazaki fragments
Pass Verified
Watson and Crick - Answer- discovered the structure of DNA as double helix in 1953
based off of the x-ray images taken by Franklin
DNA replication - Answer- process by which DNA is copied in a cell before a cell divides
by mitosis, meiosis, or binary fission; must start from the 3' end of the parent strand
working its way down to the 5' end
Chargaff's rules - Answer- A=T and C=G
double helix - Answer- twisted-ladder shape of DNA, formed by two nucleotide strands
twisted around each other
antiparallel - Answer- parallel, but running in opposite directions. The 5' end of one
strand of DNA aligns with the 3' end of the other strand in a double-helix.
semiconservative model - Answer- the replicated double helix consists of one old
strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly made strand; this is the model we
use
origin of replication - Answer- site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins,
consisting of a specific sequence of nucleotides that can repeatedly be found at multiple
places in the strands
replication fork - Answer- Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new
strands are growing
helicase - Answer- an enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks,
separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands
primer - Answer- a short stretch of RNA with a free 3' end, bound by complementary
base pairing to the template strand, new DNA nucleotides are added to this during DNA
replication
DNA polymerase - Answer- Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual
nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
leading strand - Answer- the new complementary DNA strand synthesized continuously
along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction
lagging strand - Answer- The strand that is synthesized in fragments using individual
sections called Okazaki fragments
