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PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ANATOMY WITH THE BEST
SOLUTION VERIFIED AND APPROVED 100% BEST GRADED A+
YEAR 2025/2026
skeletal system - answers-bones and joints; protects and supports organs and provides a framework.
Muscular System - answers-skeletal muscles; posture, produces heat, manipulation of environment.
Nervous system - answers-brain, spinal cord, nerves; fast acting control system of body, activating
muscles and glands.
Endocrine System - answers-Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
cardiovascular system - answers-Heart and blood vessels; Blood vessels transport blood, which
carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
human anatomy - answers-The study of the structures that make up the human body and how those
structures relate to each other
anatomical Position - answers-The position of the human body that is used as a point of reference in
anatomy.
lateral - answers-Farther from the medial plane (midline)
medial - answers-Nearer to the medial plane (midline)
superficial - answers-Nearer to the surface of the body
anterior (ventral) - answers-Nearer to the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - answers-Nearer to the back of the body
, 2
superior - answers-Nearer to the top of the head (transverse plane)
deep - answers-Farther from the surface of the body
distal - answers-Farther from the trunk of the body
proximal - answers-Nearer to the trunk of the body
supine - answers-Laying on your back
prone - answers-Laying face down
inferior - answers-Nearer to the feet
Midsagittal (median) plane - answers-A vertical plane that bisects the body into right and left halves
sagittal plane - answers-Any plane parallel to the median plane
frontal plane (coronal plane) - answers-Any vertical plane at the right angles to the median plane
(separate anterior and posterior)
transverse plane (or horizontal plane) - answers-Any plane at the right angle of both median and
frontal plane (separate superior and inferior)
sagittal plane movement - answers-Movement that are parallel to the sagittal plane (flexion and
extension)
frontal plane movement - answers-Movement that are parallel to the front planes (lateral/side-to-
side movements)
transverse plane movements - answers-Movement that are parallel to the transverse (horizontal)
plane (twisting, rotation, etc.)
, 3
flexion - answers-Reduces the angle between two bones at a joint
extension - answers-Increases the angle between two bones at a joint
hyperextension - answers-The forceful extension of a limb/body part or joint beyond its normal
limits.
abduction - answers-Movement away from the midline of the body
adduction - answers-Movement toward the midline of the body
circumduction - answers-A cone-shaped movement that does not include any rotation
rotation - answers-The action of rotating around an axis or center.
lateral flexion - answers-The lateral movement of the torso and head in the frontal plane
ulnar deviation - answers-Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side
radial deviation - answers-Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side
Internal (medial) rotation - answers-Rotational movement toward the midline
External (lateral) rotation - answers-Rotational movement away from the midline
supination - answers-When the palm is moved to face anteriorly
pronation - answers-When the palm is moved to face posteriorly
inversion - answers-When the sole of the foot is turned inward
, 4
eversion - answers-When the sole of the foot is turned outward
dorsiflexion - answers-Motion of bringing the top of the foot toward the shin, or movement of the
ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot moves superiorly
plantar flexion - answers-Motion of bringing the top of the foot away from the shin, or movement of
the ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot move inferiorly
short bone - answers-Type of bone shaped to serve as a good shock absorber (e.g., wrist bone)
long bone - answers-Type of bone that has proximal and distal enlargements (e.g., femur)
flat bone - answers-Type of bone that largely protects underlying organs and provides areas for
muscle attachment (e.g., scapula)
irregular bone - answers-Type of bone that performs a special function (e.g., vertebrae)
sesamoid bone - answers-Type of bone shaped like a pea and found in tendons (e.g., patella)
porous - answers-Bones that have a smaller proportion of calcium phosphate and carbonate, and
greater non-mineralized tissue
cortical bone - answers-Bone that has a low porosity, it is less flexible and can resist greater stress
spongy (cancellous) bone - answers-Bone that has high porosity, a characteristic honeycomb
structure and provides move flexibility.
axial skeleton - answers-Composed of skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum
appendicular skeleton - answers-Composed of pectoral, pelvic girdles, upper and lower limbs.
calvaria [skull] - answers-Skullcap, upper part of the skull that covers the brain
PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ANATOMY WITH THE BEST
SOLUTION VERIFIED AND APPROVED 100% BEST GRADED A+
YEAR 2025/2026
skeletal system - answers-bones and joints; protects and supports organs and provides a framework.
Muscular System - answers-skeletal muscles; posture, produces heat, manipulation of environment.
Nervous system - answers-brain, spinal cord, nerves; fast acting control system of body, activating
muscles and glands.
Endocrine System - answers-Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
cardiovascular system - answers-Heart and blood vessels; Blood vessels transport blood, which
carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.
human anatomy - answers-The study of the structures that make up the human body and how those
structures relate to each other
anatomical Position - answers-The position of the human body that is used as a point of reference in
anatomy.
lateral - answers-Farther from the medial plane (midline)
medial - answers-Nearer to the medial plane (midline)
superficial - answers-Nearer to the surface of the body
anterior (ventral) - answers-Nearer to the front of the body
posterior (dorsal) - answers-Nearer to the back of the body
, 2
superior - answers-Nearer to the top of the head (transverse plane)
deep - answers-Farther from the surface of the body
distal - answers-Farther from the trunk of the body
proximal - answers-Nearer to the trunk of the body
supine - answers-Laying on your back
prone - answers-Laying face down
inferior - answers-Nearer to the feet
Midsagittal (median) plane - answers-A vertical plane that bisects the body into right and left halves
sagittal plane - answers-Any plane parallel to the median plane
frontal plane (coronal plane) - answers-Any vertical plane at the right angles to the median plane
(separate anterior and posterior)
transverse plane (or horizontal plane) - answers-Any plane at the right angle of both median and
frontal plane (separate superior and inferior)
sagittal plane movement - answers-Movement that are parallel to the sagittal plane (flexion and
extension)
frontal plane movement - answers-Movement that are parallel to the front planes (lateral/side-to-
side movements)
transverse plane movements - answers-Movement that are parallel to the transverse (horizontal)
plane (twisting, rotation, etc.)
, 3
flexion - answers-Reduces the angle between two bones at a joint
extension - answers-Increases the angle between two bones at a joint
hyperextension - answers-The forceful extension of a limb/body part or joint beyond its normal
limits.
abduction - answers-Movement away from the midline of the body
adduction - answers-Movement toward the midline of the body
circumduction - answers-A cone-shaped movement that does not include any rotation
rotation - answers-The action of rotating around an axis or center.
lateral flexion - answers-The lateral movement of the torso and head in the frontal plane
ulnar deviation - answers-Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side
radial deviation - answers-Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side
Internal (medial) rotation - answers-Rotational movement toward the midline
External (lateral) rotation - answers-Rotational movement away from the midline
supination - answers-When the palm is moved to face anteriorly
pronation - answers-When the palm is moved to face posteriorly
inversion - answers-When the sole of the foot is turned inward
, 4
eversion - answers-When the sole of the foot is turned outward
dorsiflexion - answers-Motion of bringing the top of the foot toward the shin, or movement of the
ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot moves superiorly
plantar flexion - answers-Motion of bringing the top of the foot away from the shin, or movement of
the ankle so that the dorsal surface of the foot move inferiorly
short bone - answers-Type of bone shaped to serve as a good shock absorber (e.g., wrist bone)
long bone - answers-Type of bone that has proximal and distal enlargements (e.g., femur)
flat bone - answers-Type of bone that largely protects underlying organs and provides areas for
muscle attachment (e.g., scapula)
irregular bone - answers-Type of bone that performs a special function (e.g., vertebrae)
sesamoid bone - answers-Type of bone shaped like a pea and found in tendons (e.g., patella)
porous - answers-Bones that have a smaller proportion of calcium phosphate and carbonate, and
greater non-mineralized tissue
cortical bone - answers-Bone that has a low porosity, it is less flexible and can resist greater stress
spongy (cancellous) bone - answers-Bone that has high porosity, a characteristic honeycomb
structure and provides move flexibility.
axial skeleton - answers-Composed of skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum
appendicular skeleton - answers-Composed of pectoral, pelvic girdles, upper and lower limbs.
calvaria [skull] - answers-Skullcap, upper part of the skull that covers the brain
