1|Page
NSG 320 EXAM 4 /NSG320 Exam 4 Actual Exam
Newest 2025/2026 With Complete Questions And
Correct Answers |Already Graded A+||Brand New
Version!|
osteoarthritis - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-The most common
arthritis and a major cause of disability
among adults in the United States and the world
-Non-inflammatory
-Also referred to as degenerative joint disease (DJD)
-More common in older patients
-Often accompanies other diseases. such as psoriasis,
Crohn's disease, and hemophilia
-The presence of inflammation in patients with
osteoarthritis indicates a secondary synovitis
Causes:
-Aging
-Genetic factors
-Joint injury
-Obesity
-Heavy manual occupations
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-Trauma
Clinical Manifestations:
-Complaints of chronic joint pain and stiffness
-Joint tenderness on palpation
-Crepitus may be present with ROM
-Enlarged joints related to bony hypertrophy
-Joints feel hard on palpation
-If inflammation is present, it indicates secondary
synovitis
-Heberden's nodes: bony nodules at the distal
interphalangeal joints
-Bouchard's nodes: bony nodules at the proximal
interphalangeal joints
Diagnostics:
-No one lab or diagnostic test that specifically identifies
the diagnosis
-Routine lab work is generally normal
-ESR may be elevated
-C-Reactive Protein may be elevated
-Routine x-rays to observe for joint changes
-MRI
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-CT scan
Drug Therapy:
-Purpose is to reduce pain and secondary joint
inflammation
-No drug therapy can influence the course
-Acetaminophen
-Topical lidocaine
-NSAIDs (PO and topical)
-Flexeril (muscle spasms)
-Ultram
Alternate Therapies:
-Rest balanced with exercise
-Joint positioning: position joints in their functional
position, wear supportive shoes
-Heat or cold applications
-Weight control
-Range of motion
-Light exercised
-Physical therapy: muscle strengthening exercises
-If other measures ineffective, surgery may be
performed to reduce pain
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Nursing Interventions:
-Manage chronic pain
-Increase mobility to allow patients to function as
independently as possible
-Teach patients to eat a well-balance
osteoporosis - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-A chronic metabolic
disease in which bone loss causes decreased density
and increases the risk of fracture
-Often referred to as a silent thief, the first indication in
most people occurs as a fracture, often of the hip,
spine, or wrist.
-Most patients are unaware that they have it until they
experience a fracture, the most common complication
of the disease.
-It and osteopenia (low bone mass) occur when bone
resorption activity is greater than bone-building
activity.
-It is caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and
environmental factors.
Risk Factors:
-Older age
-Female
NSG 320 EXAM 4 /NSG320 Exam 4 Actual Exam
Newest 2025/2026 With Complete Questions And
Correct Answers |Already Graded A+||Brand New
Version!|
osteoarthritis - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-The most common
arthritis and a major cause of disability
among adults in the United States and the world
-Non-inflammatory
-Also referred to as degenerative joint disease (DJD)
-More common in older patients
-Often accompanies other diseases. such as psoriasis,
Crohn's disease, and hemophilia
-The presence of inflammation in patients with
osteoarthritis indicates a secondary synovitis
Causes:
-Aging
-Genetic factors
-Joint injury
-Obesity
-Heavy manual occupations
,2|Page
-Trauma
Clinical Manifestations:
-Complaints of chronic joint pain and stiffness
-Joint tenderness on palpation
-Crepitus may be present with ROM
-Enlarged joints related to bony hypertrophy
-Joints feel hard on palpation
-If inflammation is present, it indicates secondary
synovitis
-Heberden's nodes: bony nodules at the distal
interphalangeal joints
-Bouchard's nodes: bony nodules at the proximal
interphalangeal joints
Diagnostics:
-No one lab or diagnostic test that specifically identifies
the diagnosis
-Routine lab work is generally normal
-ESR may be elevated
-C-Reactive Protein may be elevated
-Routine x-rays to observe for joint changes
-MRI
,3|Page
-CT scan
Drug Therapy:
-Purpose is to reduce pain and secondary joint
inflammation
-No drug therapy can influence the course
-Acetaminophen
-Topical lidocaine
-NSAIDs (PO and topical)
-Flexeril (muscle spasms)
-Ultram
Alternate Therapies:
-Rest balanced with exercise
-Joint positioning: position joints in their functional
position, wear supportive shoes
-Heat or cold applications
-Weight control
-Range of motion
-Light exercised
-Physical therapy: muscle strengthening exercises
-If other measures ineffective, surgery may be
performed to reduce pain
, 4|Page
Nursing Interventions:
-Manage chronic pain
-Increase mobility to allow patients to function as
independently as possible
-Teach patients to eat a well-balance
osteoporosis - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-A chronic metabolic
disease in which bone loss causes decreased density
and increases the risk of fracture
-Often referred to as a silent thief, the first indication in
most people occurs as a fracture, often of the hip,
spine, or wrist.
-Most patients are unaware that they have it until they
experience a fracture, the most common complication
of the disease.
-It and osteopenia (low bone mass) occur when bone
resorption activity is greater than bone-building
activity.
-It is caused by a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and
environmental factors.
Risk Factors:
-Older age
-Female
