NSG 320 Final EXAM /NSG320 Final Exam Actual
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Somogyi effect and intervention? - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-
rebound morning hyperglycemia following a nighttime
episode of hypoglycemia
-tx: lower nighttime insulin done, snack before bedtime
Dawn phenomenon and intervention? -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-morning hyperglycemia due to surge
of growth hormone and cortisol.
-tx: late evening dose of intermediate-acting insulin or
adjustment in timing of insulin
Hypoglycemia emergency care - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-15
grams of carbohydrates. Retest in 15 minutes, repeat if
necessary.
-at home, clients can administer glucagon is Rule of 15
doesn't work
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What do you give a patient with hypoglycemia if they are
unconscious? - ....ANSWER.....✓✓IV Dextrose 50%
immediately
Diabetic foot care - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-inspect daily
-avoid going barefoot
-proper footwear
-treating cuts
-avoid hot water
-cotton stockings
-nail trimming
-dry between toes
Hyperthyroidism clinical manifestations -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-increased metabolic processes
-heat intolerance
-tachycardia
-weight loss
Graves disease symptoms - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-enlarged
thyroid gland
-goiter
-exophthalmos
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Grave's disease interventions - ....ANSWER.....✓✓-eye
care
-education
-smoking cessation
-artificial tears
-eye gel/ointment
-eye taping or eye patch at night
-HOB elevated for eye puffiness
-wear sunglasses when outside
Hypothyroidism clinical manifestations -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-decreased metabolic processes
-weakness
-lethargy
-cold intolerance
-weight gain
-bradycardia
Hashimoto's thyroiditis interventions -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-levothyroxine
-need for lifelong therapy
-take thyroid hormone in the morning BEFORE food
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-comfortable, warm environment
Hypernatremia clinical manifestations -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-thirst
-changes in mental status
-seizures
-coma
-fluid volume deficit
Hyponatremia clinical manifestations -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-headache
-irritability
-difficulty concentrating
-confusion
-vomiting
-seizures
-coma
Hyperkalemia clinical manifestations -
....ANSWER.....✓✓-life-threatening arrythmias (peaked t
waves)
-fatigue, confusion
-tetany, muscle cramps