CAMPBELL BIOLOGY EXAM #2 ( CH.
6 - 10 )QUESTIONS WITH CORRCT
ANSWERS!!
Function of Vacuole - ANSWERDigestion, storage, waste,...
Function of Peroxisome - ANSWERContains enzymes that transfer hydrogen to
water which produces hydrogen peroxide
Function of Lysosome - ANSWERBreakdown of ingested substances
Function of Golgi Apparatus - ANSWERModification of proteins
Resolution - ANSWERthe minimum distance of two distinguishable points
Magnification - ANSWERthe ratio of an object's image size to its real size
Cell fractionation - ANSWERtakes cells apart and separates the major organelles
from one another
Prokaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - ANSWER-No Nucleus
-DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
-No membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane
Eukaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - ANSWER-DNA in a nucleus that is
bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope
-Membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus
General Structure of a biological membrane - ANSWERA double layer of
phospholipids
Ribosomes. What do they do? Where? - ANSWER-Carry out protein synthesis in two
locations:
-In the cytosol (free ribosomes)
- On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Components of the endomembrane system - ANSWER-Nuclear envelope
-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
-Golgi apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Vacuoles
-Plasma membrane
,Plasma Membrane - ANSWERA selective barrier (semi-permeable) that allows
sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWERAccounts for more than half of the total membrane
in many eukaryotic cells
The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope.
Smooth ER - lacks ribosomes, synthesis of lipids
Rough ER -ribosomes studding its surface, synthesis of secretory and other proteins.
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts - ANSWER-Are not part of the endomembrane
system
-Have a double membrane
-Have proteins made by free ribosomes
-Contain their own DNA**(led to endosymbiont theory)
What type of cells is Mitochondria found in? - ANSWEREukaryotic cells
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
A) DNA.
B) a cell wall.
C) a plasma membrane.
D) ribosomes.
E) an endoplasmic reticulum. - ANSWERAnswer: E
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Mitochondria are the sites of... - ANSWERaerobic cellular respiration, a metabolic
process that generates ATP
Chloroplasts.
Found in?
What happens there? - ANSWERFound in plants and algae
Site of photosynthesis
In a plant cell, DNA may be found
A) only in the nucleus.
B) only in the nucleus and mitochondria.
C) only in the nucleus and chloroplasts.
D) in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
E) in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes. - ANSWERAnswer:
D
Topic: Concept 6.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Chloroplast structure includes: - ANSWER-Thylakoids, membrane sacs, stacked to
form a granum : light dependent reactions.
, -Stroma, the internal fluid: Calvin Cycle = light independent reactions.
17) Which organelle or structure is absent in plant cells?
A) mitochondria
B) Golgi vesicles
C) microtubules
D) centrosomes
E) peroxisomes - ANSWERAnswer: D
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Peroxisomes - ANSWER-Specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single
membrane
-Produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water (oxidation)
-Oxidative organelles
55) Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?
A) The dynamic aspect of cytoskeletal function is made possible by the assembly
and disassembly of a large variety of proteins into complex aggregates.
B) Microfilaments are structurally rigid and resist compression, whereas microtubules
resist tension (stretching).
C) Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules
to move relative to each other.
D) Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would cause little effect on
the cell's response to external signals and stimuli.
E) Transport vesicles among the membranes of the endomembrane system produce
the cytoskeleton. - ANSWERAnswer: C
Topic: Concept 6.6
Skill: Application/Analysis
Cytoskeleton. Where? Composed of? Help to...? - ANSWER-A network of fibers
extending throughout the cytoplasm
-Composed of three types of molecular structures (allow movement):
-Microtubules - thickest of the three
-Microfilaments - also called actin filaments, thinnest
-Intermediate filaments - fibers w/ diameter in a middle range
- Help to support the cell and maintain its shape
47) Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
A) microtubules and motor proteins
B) actin filaments and microtubules
C) actin filaments and ribosomes
D) centrioles and motor proteins
E) actin filaments and motor proteins - ANSWERAnswer: A
Topic: Concept 6.6
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
6 - 10 )QUESTIONS WITH CORRCT
ANSWERS!!
Function of Vacuole - ANSWERDigestion, storage, waste,...
Function of Peroxisome - ANSWERContains enzymes that transfer hydrogen to
water which produces hydrogen peroxide
Function of Lysosome - ANSWERBreakdown of ingested substances
Function of Golgi Apparatus - ANSWERModification of proteins
Resolution - ANSWERthe minimum distance of two distinguishable points
Magnification - ANSWERthe ratio of an object's image size to its real size
Cell fractionation - ANSWERtakes cells apart and separates the major organelles
from one another
Prokaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - ANSWER-No Nucleus
-DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
-No membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane
Eukaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - ANSWER-DNA in a nucleus that is
bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope
-Membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus
General Structure of a biological membrane - ANSWERA double layer of
phospholipids
Ribosomes. What do they do? Where? - ANSWER-Carry out protein synthesis in two
locations:
-In the cytosol (free ribosomes)
- On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Components of the endomembrane system - ANSWER-Nuclear envelope
-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
-Golgi apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Vacuoles
-Plasma membrane
,Plasma Membrane - ANSWERA selective barrier (semi-permeable) that allows
sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWERAccounts for more than half of the total membrane
in many eukaryotic cells
The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope.
Smooth ER - lacks ribosomes, synthesis of lipids
Rough ER -ribosomes studding its surface, synthesis of secretory and other proteins.
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts - ANSWER-Are not part of the endomembrane
system
-Have a double membrane
-Have proteins made by free ribosomes
-Contain their own DNA**(led to endosymbiont theory)
What type of cells is Mitochondria found in? - ANSWEREukaryotic cells
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
A) DNA.
B) a cell wall.
C) a plasma membrane.
D) ribosomes.
E) an endoplasmic reticulum. - ANSWERAnswer: E
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Mitochondria are the sites of... - ANSWERaerobic cellular respiration, a metabolic
process that generates ATP
Chloroplasts.
Found in?
What happens there? - ANSWERFound in plants and algae
Site of photosynthesis
In a plant cell, DNA may be found
A) only in the nucleus.
B) only in the nucleus and mitochondria.
C) only in the nucleus and chloroplasts.
D) in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
E) in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes. - ANSWERAnswer:
D
Topic: Concept 6.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Chloroplast structure includes: - ANSWER-Thylakoids, membrane sacs, stacked to
form a granum : light dependent reactions.
, -Stroma, the internal fluid: Calvin Cycle = light independent reactions.
17) Which organelle or structure is absent in plant cells?
A) mitochondria
B) Golgi vesicles
C) microtubules
D) centrosomes
E) peroxisomes - ANSWERAnswer: D
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Peroxisomes - ANSWER-Specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single
membrane
-Produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water (oxidation)
-Oxidative organelles
55) Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?
A) The dynamic aspect of cytoskeletal function is made possible by the assembly
and disassembly of a large variety of proteins into complex aggregates.
B) Microfilaments are structurally rigid and resist compression, whereas microtubules
resist tension (stretching).
C) Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules
to move relative to each other.
D) Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would cause little effect on
the cell's response to external signals and stimuli.
E) Transport vesicles among the membranes of the endomembrane system produce
the cytoskeleton. - ANSWERAnswer: C
Topic: Concept 6.6
Skill: Application/Analysis
Cytoskeleton. Where? Composed of? Help to...? - ANSWER-A network of fibers
extending throughout the cytoplasm
-Composed of three types of molecular structures (allow movement):
-Microtubules - thickest of the three
-Microfilaments - also called actin filaments, thinnest
-Intermediate filaments - fibers w/ diameter in a middle range
- Help to support the cell and maintain its shape
47) Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
A) microtubules and motor proteins
B) actin filaments and microtubules
C) actin filaments and ribosomes
D) centrioles and motor proteins
E) actin filaments and motor proteins - ANSWERAnswer: A
Topic: Concept 6.6
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
