BIOLOGY- CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
3RD EDITION (EXAM 1)QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS!!
Biosphere - ANSWERThe entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the
planet's ecosystems.
Biome - ANSWERAny of the world's major ecosystem types, often classified
according to the predominant vegetation for terrestrial biomes and the physical
environment for aquatic biomes and characterized by adaptations of organisms to
that particular environment.
Ecosystem - ANSWERAll the organisms in a given area as and the abiotic factors
with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment
around them.
Abiotic - ANSWERNonliving; referring to the physical and chemical properties of an
environment.
Biotic - ANSWERPertaining to the living factors- the organisms- in an environment.
Community - ANSWERAll the organisms that inhabit a particular areal an
assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for
potential interaction.
Population - ANSWERA group of individuals of the same species that live in the
same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Species - ANSWERA population or group of populations whose members have the
potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not
produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups.
Organism - ANSWERA living thing
Organ - ANSWERIn Linnaean classification, the taxonomic category above the level
of family.
Tissue - ANSWERAn integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or
both.
Cell - ANSWERThe basic unit of structure and function in living things
Organelle - ANSWERAny of 7 membrane-enclosed structures with specialized
functions, suspended in cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
Molecule - ANSWERA group of atoms bonded together
, Atom - ANSWERSmallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
Cell theory - ANSWERidea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the
basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from
existing cells
Prokaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with this cell = Bacteria and archaea.
Eukaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with this cell = protists, plants, fungi, and
animals.
Multicellular - ANSWERConsisting of many cells
Unicellular - ANSWERMade of a single cell
Colonial - ANSWERA cluster of identical cells (clones) on the surface of (or within) a
solid medium, usually derived from a single parent cell, as in bacterial colony.
Cell (plasma) membrane - ANSWERphospholipid bilayer that protects and encloses
the cell; controls transport; maintains homeostasis
Central vacuole - ANSWERIn mature plant cell, a large membranous sac with
diverse roles in growth, storage, and sequestration of toxic substances.
Cellular respiration - ANSWERThe catabolic pathways of aerobic and anaerobic
respiration, which break down organic molecules and use an electron transport chain
for the production of ATP.
Photosynthesis - ANSWERThe conversion of light energy to chemical energy that is
stored in sugars or other organic compounds; occurs in plants, algae, and certain
prokaryotes.
Animal cells - ANSWERHave a cell membrane, not a cell wall. Animal cells can
move.
Cytoplasm - ANSWERThe contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane; in
eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the nucleus.
DNA - ANSWERA double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of
nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine
(A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and
determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
Ribosome - ANSWERA complex of rRNA and protein molecules that functions as a
site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of a large and a small subunit. In
eukaryotic cells, each subunit is assembled in the nucleolus.
3RD EDITION (EXAM 1)QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS!!
Biosphere - ANSWERThe entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the
planet's ecosystems.
Biome - ANSWERAny of the world's major ecosystem types, often classified
according to the predominant vegetation for terrestrial biomes and the physical
environment for aquatic biomes and characterized by adaptations of organisms to
that particular environment.
Ecosystem - ANSWERAll the organisms in a given area as and the abiotic factors
with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment
around them.
Abiotic - ANSWERNonliving; referring to the physical and chemical properties of an
environment.
Biotic - ANSWERPertaining to the living factors- the organisms- in an environment.
Community - ANSWERAll the organisms that inhabit a particular areal an
assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for
potential interaction.
Population - ANSWERA group of individuals of the same species that live in the
same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Species - ANSWERA population or group of populations whose members have the
potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not
produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups.
Organism - ANSWERA living thing
Organ - ANSWERIn Linnaean classification, the taxonomic category above the level
of family.
Tissue - ANSWERAn integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or
both.
Cell - ANSWERThe basic unit of structure and function in living things
Organelle - ANSWERAny of 7 membrane-enclosed structures with specialized
functions, suspended in cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
Molecule - ANSWERA group of atoms bonded together
, Atom - ANSWERSmallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
Cell theory - ANSWERidea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the
basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from
existing cells
Prokaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with this cell = Bacteria and archaea.
Eukaryotic cell - ANSWERA type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with this cell = protists, plants, fungi, and
animals.
Multicellular - ANSWERConsisting of many cells
Unicellular - ANSWERMade of a single cell
Colonial - ANSWERA cluster of identical cells (clones) on the surface of (or within) a
solid medium, usually derived from a single parent cell, as in bacterial colony.
Cell (plasma) membrane - ANSWERphospholipid bilayer that protects and encloses
the cell; controls transport; maintains homeostasis
Central vacuole - ANSWERIn mature plant cell, a large membranous sac with
diverse roles in growth, storage, and sequestration of toxic substances.
Cellular respiration - ANSWERThe catabolic pathways of aerobic and anaerobic
respiration, which break down organic molecules and use an electron transport chain
for the production of ATP.
Photosynthesis - ANSWERThe conversion of light energy to chemical energy that is
stored in sugars or other organic compounds; occurs in plants, algae, and certain
prokaryotes.
Animal cells - ANSWERHave a cell membrane, not a cell wall. Animal cells can
move.
Cytoplasm - ANSWERThe contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane; in
eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the nucleus.
DNA - ANSWERA double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of
nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine
(A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and
determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
Ribosome - ANSWERA complex of rRNA and protein molecules that functions as a
site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of a large and a small subunit. In
eukaryotic cells, each subunit is assembled in the nucleolus.
