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NURS 612 EXAM 1 MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM 1
NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 170 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Endocrine System - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ System
composed of various glands that can synthesize and
release special chemical messengers called hormones.
System works closely with the Nervous System and the
Immune system to regulate and integrate body
functions.
Functions:
Growth and development
Sexual differentiation
Metabolism
Adaptation to an ever-changing environment
Regulation of digestion
Use and storage of nutrients
Electrolyte and water metabolism
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Reproductive functions
Hormones - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Endocrine system
uses chemical substances called hormones as a means
of regulating and integrating body functions.
Hormones are thought of as chemical messengers
produced to target a specific cell. They do NOT initiate
reactions but function as a modulator of cellular and
systemic responses.
Function as chemical messengers
Move through the blood to distant target sites of action
Or, act more locally as paracrine or autocrine
messengers that incite more local effects
Most are present in body fluids at all times in greater or
lesser amounts as needed.
Characteristics
A single hormone can exert various effects in different
tissues.
A single function can be regulated by several
hormones.
Types of Hormone Actions - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Hormones are released in one location but can have the
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biologic effect either in that location of release or
somewhere else
Endocrine
Paracrine
Autocrine
Intracrine
Endocrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones are
released in the circulation to act on a target organ
(between remote cells)
Paracrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones acts locally
in cells other than that produced the hormones Ex: sex
steroids in ovary (between local cells)
Hormones acting locally on cells other than those that
produced the hormone
For example, the action of sex steroids on the ovary
Autocrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones exert action
on the cells from which they are produced ex: insulin
(on the cell that produced them)
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Hormones exerting action on the cells from which they
were produced
For example, the release of insulin from pancreatic
beta cells can inhibit its release from the same cells
Intracrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormone action is
within the cell that produced the hormone
Mechanisms of Hormone Action - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Hormones interact with high-affinity receptors.
These are linked to one or more effector system in the
cell.
Hormone receptors may be located in the plasma
membrane of the cell (surface of the cell) or in the
intracellular compartment (inside the cell) of the target
cell.
The vesicle mediated pathway - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Protein and polypeptide hormones are synthesized and
stored in vesicles in the cytoplasm of the endocrine cell
until secretion is required. Stimulation of the endocrine
cell causes the vesicles to move to the cell membrane
and release their hormones.
NURS 612 EXAM 1 MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
ADVANCED HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM 1
NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 170 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Endocrine System - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ System
composed of various glands that can synthesize and
release special chemical messengers called hormones.
System works closely with the Nervous System and the
Immune system to regulate and integrate body
functions.
Functions:
Growth and development
Sexual differentiation
Metabolism
Adaptation to an ever-changing environment
Regulation of digestion
Use and storage of nutrients
Electrolyte and water metabolism
,2|Page
Reproductive functions
Hormones - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Endocrine system
uses chemical substances called hormones as a means
of regulating and integrating body functions.
Hormones are thought of as chemical messengers
produced to target a specific cell. They do NOT initiate
reactions but function as a modulator of cellular and
systemic responses.
Function as chemical messengers
Move through the blood to distant target sites of action
Or, act more locally as paracrine or autocrine
messengers that incite more local effects
Most are present in body fluids at all times in greater or
lesser amounts as needed.
Characteristics
A single hormone can exert various effects in different
tissues.
A single function can be regulated by several
hormones.
Types of Hormone Actions - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Hormones are released in one location but can have the
,3|Page
biologic effect either in that location of release or
somewhere else
Endocrine
Paracrine
Autocrine
Intracrine
Endocrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones are
released in the circulation to act on a target organ
(between remote cells)
Paracrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones acts locally
in cells other than that produced the hormones Ex: sex
steroids in ovary (between local cells)
Hormones acting locally on cells other than those that
produced the hormone
For example, the action of sex steroids on the ovary
Autocrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormones exert action
on the cells from which they are produced ex: insulin
(on the cell that produced them)
, 4|Page
Hormones exerting action on the cells from which they
were produced
For example, the release of insulin from pancreatic
beta cells can inhibit its release from the same cells
Intracrine - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Hormone action is
within the cell that produced the hormone
Mechanisms of Hormone Action - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Hormones interact with high-affinity receptors.
These are linked to one or more effector system in the
cell.
Hormone receptors may be located in the plasma
membrane of the cell (surface of the cell) or in the
intracellular compartment (inside the cell) of the target
cell.
The vesicle mediated pathway - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Protein and polypeptide hormones are synthesized and
stored in vesicles in the cytoplasm of the endocrine cell
until secretion is required. Stimulation of the endocrine
cell causes the vesicles to move to the cell membrane
and release their hormones.
