BSC 216 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
An electrolyte is a __________.
a.) chemical that dissociates in water to release a hydrogen ion
b.) substance that prevents large fluctuations in pH
c.) substance that dissociates into ions when placed in water
d.) charged atom - Answer -C.
Bicarbonate is an example of a(n) __________.
a.) fluid
b.) base
c.) acid
d.) electrolyte - Answer -B.
The principle of mass balance states that __________.
a.) as long as fluids are in balance, electrolytes will also be in balance
b.) what is gained by the body must equal what is lost by the body
c.) homeostatic mechanisms always monitor only the ICF
d.) the mass of water and electrolytes has to be the same in the ECF and the ICF -
Answer -B.
Which of the following substances is the most acidic?
a.) pancreatic juice with a pH of 8
b.) plasma with a pH of 7.4
c.) urine with a pH of 5
d.) gastric juice with a pH of 2 - Answer -D.
Which of the following statements about ECF is correct?
a.) It is made up of fluids such as plasma and interstitial fluid.
b.) It is found inside cells.
c.) It has the same composition as the ICF.
d.) It accounts for about 60% of total body water. - Answer -A.
Increased water intake causes the hydrostatic pressure in plasma to increase and the
osmotic pressure to decrease; as a result, water will __________.
a.) move from the ECF to the ICF
b.) move from the ICF to the ECF
c.) move from the interstitial fluid to the plasma
d.) not move in any of the listed directions - Answer -A.
, A child is brought to the ER after prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the
following is one of the symptoms this child will present with?
a.) decreased thirst
b.) high blood pressure
c.) edema
d.) decreased urine production - Answer -D.
Which of the following is a response mechanism for overhydration?
a.) increased levels of ANP
b.) increased thirst
c.) increased levels of aldosterone
d.) increased levels of ADH - Answer -A.
Which of the following is an ion found primarily in the ECF?
a.) HPO42-
b.) K+
c.) HCO3-
d.) Mg2+ - Answer -C.
Overhydration will cause __________.
a.) cells to gain water
b.) cells to lose water
c.) increase in ADH
d.) the kidneys to conserve water - Answer -A.
If you double the total amount of Na ions but you also double the amount of water they
are dissolved in, __________.
a.) Na ion concentration will stay the same
b.) Na ion concentration will increase
c.) the concentrations of Na and water will double
d.) Na ion concentration will decrease - Answer -A.
The primary role of the phosphate buffer system is to __________.
a.) buffer extracellular fluid (ECF)
b.) buffer stomach acid
c.) buffer hydrogen ions inside erythrocytes
d.) buffer intracellular fluid (ICF) - Answer -D.
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ __________
An electrolyte is a __________.
a.) chemical that dissociates in water to release a hydrogen ion
b.) substance that prevents large fluctuations in pH
c.) substance that dissociates into ions when placed in water
d.) charged atom - Answer -C.
Bicarbonate is an example of a(n) __________.
a.) fluid
b.) base
c.) acid
d.) electrolyte - Answer -B.
The principle of mass balance states that __________.
a.) as long as fluids are in balance, electrolytes will also be in balance
b.) what is gained by the body must equal what is lost by the body
c.) homeostatic mechanisms always monitor only the ICF
d.) the mass of water and electrolytes has to be the same in the ECF and the ICF -
Answer -B.
Which of the following substances is the most acidic?
a.) pancreatic juice with a pH of 8
b.) plasma with a pH of 7.4
c.) urine with a pH of 5
d.) gastric juice with a pH of 2 - Answer -D.
Which of the following statements about ECF is correct?
a.) It is made up of fluids such as plasma and interstitial fluid.
b.) It is found inside cells.
c.) It has the same composition as the ICF.
d.) It accounts for about 60% of total body water. - Answer -A.
Increased water intake causes the hydrostatic pressure in plasma to increase and the
osmotic pressure to decrease; as a result, water will __________.
a.) move from the ECF to the ICF
b.) move from the ICF to the ECF
c.) move from the interstitial fluid to the plasma
d.) not move in any of the listed directions - Answer -A.
, A child is brought to the ER after prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the
following is one of the symptoms this child will present with?
a.) decreased thirst
b.) high blood pressure
c.) edema
d.) decreased urine production - Answer -D.
Which of the following is a response mechanism for overhydration?
a.) increased levels of ANP
b.) increased thirst
c.) increased levels of aldosterone
d.) increased levels of ADH - Answer -A.
Which of the following is an ion found primarily in the ECF?
a.) HPO42-
b.) K+
c.) HCO3-
d.) Mg2+ - Answer -C.
Overhydration will cause __________.
a.) cells to gain water
b.) cells to lose water
c.) increase in ADH
d.) the kidneys to conserve water - Answer -A.
If you double the total amount of Na ions but you also double the amount of water they
are dissolved in, __________.
a.) Na ion concentration will stay the same
b.) Na ion concentration will increase
c.) the concentrations of Na and water will double
d.) Na ion concentration will decrease - Answer -A.
The primary role of the phosphate buffer system is to __________.
a.) buffer extracellular fluid (ECF)
b.) buffer stomach acid
c.) buffer hydrogen ions inside erythrocytes
d.) buffer intracellular fluid (ICF) - Answer -D.
CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ __________
