University Of Alabama Nur 529 Exam 3
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Pathogenesis - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔explains how the disease
process evolves. Sequence of cellular and tissue events that
take place from the time of initial contact with an etiologic
agent until the ultimate expression of a disease.
Morphology - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Refers to the fundamental
structure or form of cells or tissues. Changes are
concerned with both the gross anatomic and microscopic
changes that are characteristic of a disease.
Histology - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Deals with the study of the
cells and extracellular matrix of body tissues. Sections play
an important role in the diagnosis of many types of
cancers.
Clinical Manifestation - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔make it evident
that the person is sick (fever)
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Diagnosis - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Designation as to the nature
or cause of a health problem. Requires a careful history,
physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
Clinical Course - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔Describes the evolution
of a disease. A disease can have an acute, subacute, or
chronic course. Acute disorder is relatively severe, but self-
limiting. Chronic disease implies a continuous, long-term
process. Subacute disease is an intermediate or between
acute and chronic; not as severe as an acute disease and
not as prolonged as a chronic disease.
Primary Prevention - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔directed at keeping
disease from occurring by removing risk factors
(vaccination)
Secondary Prevention - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔detects disease
early when it is still asymptomatic and treatment
measures can effect a cure or stop the disease from
progressing (pap smear)
Reliability - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔the extent to which an
observation, when repeated, gives the same result
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Validity - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔the extent to which a
measurement tool measures what it is intended to
measure
Sensitivity - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔determining the likelihood
or how well the test or observation identifies people with a
disease
Specificity - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔determining the likelihood
or how well the test or observation identifies people
without a disease
Predictive value - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔the extent to which an
observation or test result is able to predict the presence of
a given disease or condition
Incidence - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔the number of new cases
arising in a population at risk during a specified time
Prevalence - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔a measure of existing
disease in a population at a given point in time
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Morbidity - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔describes the effects an
illness has on a person's life
Mortality - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔pertains to the causes of
death in a given population
Tertiary Prevention - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔directed at clinical
interventions that prevent further deterioration or reduce
the complications of a disease that is already present
(antibiotic)
Hyperplasia - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔refers to an increase in the
number of cells in an organ or tissue. It occurs in tissues
with cells that are capable of mitotic division, such as the
epidermis, intestinal epithelium, and glandular tissue.
Physiologic Hyperplasia - . . ANSWER ✔ ✔hormonal
(pregnancy) and compensatory (partial removal of organ)
Hormonal Physiologic Hyperplasia - . . ANSWER ✔
✔breast and uterine enlargement during pregnancy