BRAINSCAPE1
BIOL 215 Midterm Exam with
complete solutions latest version
Adaptive Radiation - CORRECT ANSWER-Evolutionary divergence of members of a
single phylogenic lineage into a variety of different adaptive forms over a relatively short
interval of geological time.
Why do adaptive radiations occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. To fill previously
unavailable niches.
2. competitive release
3. competitive advantage
Precambrian>Proterozoic (1500-590) - CORRECT ANSWER-590: Ediacaran
organisms: green algae
1500: First fossils of eukaryotes
Precambrian> Archean (4600-2500) - CORRECT ANSWER-3500: First fossils
(cyanobacteria)
progenotes
RNA world
Pre-RNA world
4600: Earth forms
Paleozoic>Permian - CORRECT ANSWER-240: First conifers, fewer amphibians, more
reptiles
Cotylosaurs and plycosaurs
Acanthostega - CORRECT ANSWER-Important line for the transition from life in water
to life on land.
Ediacaran Biota - CORRECT ANSWER-600mya- first Metazoan traces
-diversity of body plans
-no basic animal anatomical features
-earlier evolutionary experiment in multicellularity?
BRAINSCAPE1
, BRAINSCAPE1
What caused the cambrian explosion? - CORRECT ANSWER--geological conditions
-ozone layer
-predator-prey relationships
Engrailed gene - CORRECT ANSWER-gene encoded for segment polarity
Pax6/eyeless gene - CORRECT ANSWER-codes for eye development
-despite convergent development of eyes can express human pax6 on flies
Hox gene - CORRECT ANSWER-gives identity to segments of body`
Bricolage - CORRECT ANSWER-Places emphasis on modification of existing genes (ie
regulation- how and when they are expressed in development)
Parazoa - CORRECT ANSWER-pseudo animals- not true tissues
Eumetazoa - CORRECT ANSWER-True animals
Protostone - CORRECT ANSWER-blastopore becomes mouth
Deuterostone - CORRECT ANSWER-Blastopore becomes anus
Similarities between algae and plants? - CORRECT ANSWER-1) store their
carbohydrate reserves as starch
2) many species have rigid , cellulose-reinforced cell walls
3) use similar pigments in metabollic pathways: chlorophyll a and b and yellow-orange
carotenoids (a and beta)
4 Major evolutionary inventions in plants - CORRECT ANSWER-1) water to land
2) vascular lineage
3) seeds
4) flowers
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWER-"simplest land plants"
-liver warts, mosses, clubmosses, hornwarts
-lack vascular tissue
-thrive in damp places
-lack lignan to strengthen cell walls (stay close to ground)
Bryophytes importance? - CORRECT ANSWER-1) transition from water to land
2) haploid gametophyte-dominated life cycle to a diploid sporophyte-dominated life
cycle
Murchison Meteorite - CORRECT ANSWER-chondrite (carbonaceous meteorite) with a
range of amino acids and fatty acids.
Replication - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA to DNA
BRAINSCAPE1
BIOL 215 Midterm Exam with
complete solutions latest version
Adaptive Radiation - CORRECT ANSWER-Evolutionary divergence of members of a
single phylogenic lineage into a variety of different adaptive forms over a relatively short
interval of geological time.
Why do adaptive radiations occur? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. To fill previously
unavailable niches.
2. competitive release
3. competitive advantage
Precambrian>Proterozoic (1500-590) - CORRECT ANSWER-590: Ediacaran
organisms: green algae
1500: First fossils of eukaryotes
Precambrian> Archean (4600-2500) - CORRECT ANSWER-3500: First fossils
(cyanobacteria)
progenotes
RNA world
Pre-RNA world
4600: Earth forms
Paleozoic>Permian - CORRECT ANSWER-240: First conifers, fewer amphibians, more
reptiles
Cotylosaurs and plycosaurs
Acanthostega - CORRECT ANSWER-Important line for the transition from life in water
to life on land.
Ediacaran Biota - CORRECT ANSWER-600mya- first Metazoan traces
-diversity of body plans
-no basic animal anatomical features
-earlier evolutionary experiment in multicellularity?
BRAINSCAPE1
, BRAINSCAPE1
What caused the cambrian explosion? - CORRECT ANSWER--geological conditions
-ozone layer
-predator-prey relationships
Engrailed gene - CORRECT ANSWER-gene encoded for segment polarity
Pax6/eyeless gene - CORRECT ANSWER-codes for eye development
-despite convergent development of eyes can express human pax6 on flies
Hox gene - CORRECT ANSWER-gives identity to segments of body`
Bricolage - CORRECT ANSWER-Places emphasis on modification of existing genes (ie
regulation- how and when they are expressed in development)
Parazoa - CORRECT ANSWER-pseudo animals- not true tissues
Eumetazoa - CORRECT ANSWER-True animals
Protostone - CORRECT ANSWER-blastopore becomes mouth
Deuterostone - CORRECT ANSWER-Blastopore becomes anus
Similarities between algae and plants? - CORRECT ANSWER-1) store their
carbohydrate reserves as starch
2) many species have rigid , cellulose-reinforced cell walls
3) use similar pigments in metabollic pathways: chlorophyll a and b and yellow-orange
carotenoids (a and beta)
4 Major evolutionary inventions in plants - CORRECT ANSWER-1) water to land
2) vascular lineage
3) seeds
4) flowers
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWER-"simplest land plants"
-liver warts, mosses, clubmosses, hornwarts
-lack vascular tissue
-thrive in damp places
-lack lignan to strengthen cell walls (stay close to ground)
Bryophytes importance? - CORRECT ANSWER-1) transition from water to land
2) haploid gametophyte-dominated life cycle to a diploid sporophyte-dominated life
cycle
Murchison Meteorite - CORRECT ANSWER-chondrite (carbonaceous meteorite) with a
range of amino acids and fatty acids.
Replication - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA to DNA
BRAINSCAPE1
